1990 Ontario general election
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:More citations needed Template:Infobox election
The 1990 Ontario general election was held on September 6, 1990, to elect members of the 35th Legislative Assembly of the province of Ontario, Canada. The governing Ontario Liberal Party led by Premier David Peterson was unexpectedly defeated. Although the Peterson government, and Peterson himself, were very popular,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> he was accused of opportunism in calling an election just three years into his mandate. In a shocking upset, the New Democratic Party (NDP), led by Bob Rae, won a majority government. This marked the first time the NDP had won government east of Manitoba, and to date the only time the NDP formed the government in Ontario.
Not even the NDP expected to come close to winning power. Rae had already made plans to retire from politics after the election; however, the NDP managed to take many seats in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) from the Liberals, and Rae himself represented York South, in Metro Toronto. They also did better than ever before, or in some cases since, in many other cities and rural areas. The NDP finished only five points ahead of the Liberals in the popular vote, but due to the nature of the first-past-the-post electoral system, which ignores the popular vote and awards power based on the number of ridings won, the NDP's gains in the GTA decimated the Liberal caucus. The Liberals lost 59 seats, the second-worst defeat for a governing party in Ontario. At the time, it was the Liberals' worst showing in an Ontario election. Peterson himself was heavily defeated in London Centre by NDP challenger Marion Boyd, losing by 8,200 votes, one of the few times a provincial premier has lost their own seat.
Although Mike Harris' Progressive Conservative Party was unable to overcome voter distrust of the federal Progressive Conservative government of Brian Mulroney, his party managed to make a net gain of four seats. Although Harris was from northern Ontario, the Tories were particularly weak in that region, placing fourth, behind the Liberals, NDP, and the right-wing Confederation of Regions Party (CoR) in six northern Ontario ridings (Algoma, Cochrane South, Nickel Belt, Sudbury, Sudbury East, and Sault Ste. Marie). The CoR also placed ahead of the Progressive Conservatives in the Renfrew North and Cornwall ridings in eastern Ontario. Although they received only 1.9% of the vote provincewide, they managed 7.8% in the 33 ridings in which they actually fielded a candidate.
The Green Party of Ontario placed third, ahead of the NDP, in Parry Sound riding, where former Liberal leadership candidate Richard Thomas was the party's candidate.
Riding name changeEdit
Before the election, an Act was passed, changing the name of Prince Edward—Lennox to Prince Edward—Lennox—South Hastings.<ref>Template:Cite canlaw</ref>
Opinion pollsEdit
Polling firm | Last day of survey |
Source | ONDP | OLP | PCO | Other | Template:Abbr | Sample | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | ||||||
Election 1990 | September 6, 1990 | 37.6 | 32.4 | 23.5 | 6.5 | ||||
Angus Reid-Southam | August 30, 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 38 | 34 | 24 | 4 | 3.3 | 804 | |
Environics | August 21, 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 34 | 40 | 23 | Template:N/A | 3.1 | 1,008 | |
Leader's debate held (August 20, 1990)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | |||||||||
Decima | August 13, 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 30 | 40 | 28 | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | |
Election called (July 30, 1990)<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> |
During the 34th Parliament of OntarioEdit
Polling firm | Last day of survey |
Source | ONDP | OLP | PCO | Other | Template:Abbr | Sample |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | style="background:Template:Canadian party colour;" data-sort-type="number"| | |||||
Gallup | July 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 24 | 43 | 26 | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | Template:N/A |
Environics | July 8, 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 26 | 50 | 22 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | 1,000 |
Environics | April 1990 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 28 | 47 | 23 | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | Template:N/A |
Environics | December 1989 | <ref name="January1990">Template:Cite news</ref> | 26 | 42 | 30 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | Template:N/A |
Environics | September 1989 | <ref name="January1990" /> | 26 | 45 | 28 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | Template:N/A |
Environics | July 6, 1989 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 25 | 45 | 29 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | 1,012 |
Environics | December 13, 1988 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 21 | 43 | 34 | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | 1,025 |
Angus Reid | October 1988 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 20 | 53 | 25 | Template:N/A | Template:N/A | Template:N/A |
Environics | May 1988 | <ref name="Fox A6">Template:Cite news</ref> | 25 | 45 | 28 | 1 | 3.2 | 1,003 |
Environics | May 1988 | <ref name="Fox A6"/> | 25 | 45 | 28 | 1 | 3.2 | 1,003 |
Gallup | May 14, 1988 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 25 | 50 | 24 | Template:N/A | 5 | 571 |
Environics | February 1988 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 24 | 54 | 21 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | 1,003 |
Environics | November 22, 1987 | <ref>Template:Cite news</ref> | 24 | 52 | 23 | Template:N/A | 3.2 | 1,008 |
Election 1987 | September 10, 1987 | 25.7 | 47.3 | 23.5 | 3.5 |
ResultsEdit
Template:Election table<ref name="EOresults1990">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> |- ! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! rowspan=2 | Party leader ! colspan=5 | MPPs ! colspan=3 | Votes |- ! Candidates !1987 !Dissol. !1990 !± !# !% ! ± (pp) Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Bob Rae |130 |19 |19 |74 |55Template:Increase |1,509,506 |37.6% |11.9Template:Increase Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|David Peterson |130 |95 |93 |36 |59Template:Decrease |1,302,134 |32.4% |14.9Template:Decrease Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Mike Harris |130 |16 |17 |20 |4Template:Increase |944,564 |23.5% |1.2Template:Decrease Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Donald Pennell |68 |– |– |– |– |110,831 |2.8% |1.5Template:Increase Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Dean Wasson |33 |– |– |– |– |75,873 |1.9% |style="text-align:center;"|New Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Katherine Mathewson |40 |– |– |– |– |30,097 |0.8% |0.7Template:Increase Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|James Stock |45 |– |– |– |– |24,613 |0.6% |0.2Template:Increase Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Robert Metz |10 |– |– |– |– |6,015 |0.1% |Template:No change Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"|Elizabeth Rowley |4 |– |– |– |– |1,139 |– |0.1Template:Decrease Template:Canadian party colour |style="text-align:left;"| |15 |– |– |– |– |13,307 |0.3% |Template:No change Template:Canadian party colour |colspan="3"| |1 |colspan="5"|
|-style="background:#E9E9E9;" |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"|Total |615 |130 |130 |130 | |4,018,079 |100.00% | |-style="background:#E9E9E9;" |colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Blank and invalid ballots |52,575 |colspan="2"| |-style="background:#E9E9E9;" |colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Total ballots cast |4,070,654 |colspan="2"| |-style="background:#E9E9E9;" |colspan="8" style="text-align:left;"|Registered voters / turnout |6,315,949 |64.5% |1.8Template:Increase |}
Template:Bar boxTemplate:Bar box
Synopsis of resultsEdit
- Template:Color box = open seat
- Template:Color box = turnout is above provincial average
- Template:Color box = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
- Template:Color box = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
- Template:Color box = incumbent had switched allegiance
- Template:Color box = incumbency arose from byelection gain
- Template:Color box = previously incumbent in another riding
- Template:Color box = other incumbents renominated
- Template:Color box = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
- Template:Color box = multiple candidates
Comparative analysis for ridings (1990 vs 1987)Edit
MPPs elected by region and ridingEdit
Party designations are as follows:
Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend
Two-tone colour boxes indicate ridings that turned over from the 1987 election, eg:
Template:Col-beginTemplate:Col-break
- Northern Ontario
Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend
- Ottawa Valley
Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend
- Saint Lawrence Valley
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- Central Ontario
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- Georgian Bay
Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend
- Hamilton/Halton/Niagara
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- Midwestern Ontario
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- Southwestern Ontario
Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped
- Peel/York/Durham
Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend
- Metropolitan Toronto
Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Legend striped Template:Legend Template:Legend striped Template:Col-end
Summary analysisEdit
Template:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colourParty in 1st place | Party in 2nd place | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDP | Liberal | PC | |||
64 | 10 | 74 | |||
29 | 7 | 36 | |||
8 | 12 | 20 | |||
Total | 37 | 76 | 17 | 130 |
Parties | Seats | |
---|---|---|
Template:Canadian party colour | Template:Canadian party colour | 93 |
Template:Canadian party colour | Template:Canadian party colour | 18 |
Template:Canadian party colour | Template:Canadian party colour | 19 |
Total | 130 |
Parties | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | 5th | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Template:Canadian party colour | 74 | 37 | 18 | 1 | 130 | |
Template:Canadian party colour | 36 | 76 | 18 | 130 | ||
Template:Canadian party colour | 20 | 17 | 84 | 9 | 130 | |
Template:Canadian party colour | 8 | 17 | 7 | 32 | ||
Template:Canadian party colour | 1 | 15 | 21 | 37 | ||
Template:Canadian party colour | 1 | 4 | 10 | 15 | ||
Template:Canadian party colour | 57 | 9 | 66 | |||
Template:Canadian party colour | 13 | 19 | 32 | |||
Template:Canadian party colour | 1 | 7 | 8 | |||
Template:Canadian party colour | 1 | 1 |
Seats changing handsEdit
Of the 130 seats, 20 were open because of MPPs who chose not to stand for reelection, and voters in 63 seats changed allegiance from the previous election in 1987.
Template:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colourTemplate:Canadian party colourParty | 1987 | Gain from (loss to) | 1990 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDP | Lib | PC | |||||||
19 | 51 | 4 | 74 | ||||||
95 | (51) | (8) | 36 | ||||||
16 | (4) | 8 | 20 | ||||||
Total | 130 | – | (55) | 59 | – | 4 | (8) | 130 |
The following seats changed allegiance from 1987:
Template:Col-beginTemplate:Col-break
- Liberal to NDP
- Brantford
- Chatham—Kent
- Cochrane North
- Don Mills
- Dovercourt
- Downsview
- Durham Centre
- Durham West
- Durham—York
- Elgin
- Essex—Kent
- Fort York
- Frontenac—Addington
- Guelph
- Halton North
- Hamilton Centre
- High Park—Swansea
- Huron
- Kingston and the Islands
- Kitchener
- Kitchener—Wilmot
- Lambton
- Lincoln
- London Centre
- London South
- Middlesex
- Muskoka—Georgian Bay
- Niagara Falls
- Niagara South
- Norfolk
- Oakwood
- Ottawa Centre
- Oxford
- Perth
- Peterborough
- Port Arthur
- Prince Edward—Lennox—South—Hastings
- Scarborough Centre
- Scarborough East
- Scarborough—Ellesmere
- Simcoe Centre
- St. Andrew—St. Patrick
- St. Catharines—Brock
- Sudbury
- Victoria—Haliburton
- Wentworth East
- Wentworth North
- Windsor—Sandwich
- Windsor—Walkerville
- York East
- Yorkview
- Liberal to PC
- PC to NDP
Source | Party | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |NDP | Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |Lib | Template:Canadian party colour align="center" |PC | Total | ||||
Seats retained | Incumbents returned | 14 | 35 | 9 | 58 | ||
Open seats held | 5 | 1 | 3 | 9 | |||
Seats changing hands | Incumbents defeated | 45 | 6 | 51 | |||
Open seats gained | 10 | 1 | 11 | ||||
Byelection gains held | 1 | 1 | |||||
Total | 74 | 36 | 20 | 130 |
Significant results among independent and minor party candidatesEdit
Those candidates not belonging to a major party, receiving more than 1,000 votes in the election, are listed below:
Riding | Party | Candidates | Votes | Placed |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dufferin—Peel | Template:Canadian party colour | Bob Shapton | 1,594 | 4th |
Frontenac—Addington | Template:Canadian party colour | Ross Baker | 1,021 | 5th |
Kenora | Template:Canadian party colour | Henry Wetelainen | 2,357 | 3rd |
Mississauga East | Template:Canadian party colour | Peter Sesek | 1,363 | 4th |
Mississauga South | Template:Canadian party colour | Scott McWhinnie | 1,323 | 4th |
Oakville South | Template:Canadian party colour | Josef Petriska | 1,038 | 5th |
Ottawa West | Template:Canadian party colour | Ian Whyte | 1,011 | 5th |
Parry Sound | Template:Canadian party colour | Richard Thomas | 4,061 | 3rd |
St. Andrew—St. Patrick | Template:Canadian party colour | James Harris | 1,112 | 4th |
Scarborough—Agincourt | Template:Canadian party colour | William Galster | 1,368 | 4th |
Simcoe East | Template:Canadian party colour | John McLean | 1,263 | 4th |
Post-election changesEdit
Party affiliation switchesEdit
Tony Rizzo (NDP) became an independent MPP on October 10, 1990, after questions were raised about labour practices in his bricklaying firms. He would later rejoin the NDP caucus.
Dennis Drainville (NDP) became an independent MPP on April 28, 1993, as a protest against the Rae government's plans to introduce casinos to the province. He later resigned his seat in the legislature, resulting in a by-election.
Will Ferguson (NDP) became an independent MPP on April 30, 1993, following accusations relating to the Grandview scandal. He later rejoined the NDP caucus on June 21, 1994, having been cleared of all charges.
John Sola (L) became an independent MPP on May 11, 1993, after making comments about Canadian Serbs that most regarded as racist.
Peter North (NDP) became an independent MPP on October 27, 1993, claiming he had lost confidence in the Rae government. He tried to join the Progressive Conservatives, but was rebuffed.
ByelectionsEdit
Due to resignations, five by-elections were held between the 1990 and 1995 elections.
Template:Canadian politics/candlist header
|-
| style="background:whitesmoke;"|Brant—Haldimand
March 5, 1992
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Ronald Eddy
9,565
|
|David Timms
4,758
|
|Christopher Stanek
2,895
|
|Donald Pennell (FCP)
2,056
Ella Haley (G)
759
Janice Wilson (Ind)
250
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Robert Nixon
resigned July 31, 1991
|-
| style="background:whitesmoke;"|Don Mills
April 1, 1993
|
|Murad Velshi
5,583
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|David Johnson
9,143
|
|Chandran Mylvaganam
1,513
|
|Diane Johnston (Ind Renewal)
498
Denise Mountenay (FCP)
383
Bernadette Michael (Ind)
206
David Pengelly (F)
161
Sat Khalsa (G)
141
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Margery Ward
died January 22, 1993
|-
| style="background:whitesmoke;"|St. George—St. David
April 1, 1993
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Tim Murphy
8,750
|
|Nancy Jackman
6,518
|
|George Lamony
1,451
|
|Louis Di Rocco (FCP)
347
Phil Sarazen (G)
209
Judith Snow (Ind Renewal)
119
Ed Fortune (Ind)
107
Robert Smith (Ind)
72
John Steele (Comm League)
57
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Ian Scott
resigned September 8, 1992
|-
| style="background:whitesmoke;"|Essex South
December 2, 1993
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Bruce Crozier
12,736
|
|Joan Flood
3,295
|
|David Maris
1,100
|
|Joyce Ann Cherry (FCP)
1,060
Michael Green (G)
132
John Turmel (Ind)
84
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Remo Mancini
resigned May 10, 1993
|-
| style="background:whitesmoke;"|Victoria—Haliburton
March 17, 1994
|
|Sharon McCrae
9,571
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Chris Hodgson
11,941
|
|Art Field
1,378
|
|Ron Hawkrigg (Lbt)
252
Bradley Bradamore (Ind)
217
John Turmel (Ind)
123
|Template:Canadian party colour|
|Dennis Drainville
resigned September 27, 1993
|}
VacanciesEdit
In addition, four seats were vacant in the final months of the legislature, as the sitting members resigned and by-elections were not held to replace them before the 1995 election:
- Bruce — Murray Elston (L) resigned October 31, 1994
- Kitchener — Will Ferguson (NDP) resigned October 8, 1994
- Markham — Don Cousens (PC) resigned September 30, 1994
- St. Andrew—St. Patrick — Zanana Akande (NDP) resigned August 31, 1994
See alsoEdit
- Politics of Ontario
- List of Ontario political parties
- Ontario Libertarian Party candidates, 1990 Ontario provincial election
- Premier of Ontario
- Leader of the Opposition (Ontario)