36th United States Congress

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox United States Congress The 36th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861, during the third and fourth years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality. Template:TOC limit

Major eventsEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:See also

June 8, 1859: Comstock Lode discovered in the western Utah Territory (present-day Nevada)
August 27, 1859: First oil well was drilled in the United States, near Titusville, Pennsylvania
October 16–18, 1859: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
December 2, 1859 John Brown executed.
December 5, 1859 – February 1, 1860: The election for the House speakership takes 44 ballots
April 3, 1860: Pony Express began its first run
April 23 – May 3, 1860: Democratic National Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Unable to agree on a nominee, the delegates voted to reconvene in June.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

May 9, 1860: Constitutional Union Party National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating John Bell for president.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

May 18, 1860: Republican National Convention held in Chicago, Illinois, nominating Abraham Lincoln for president.
June 18–23, 1860: Democratic Party reconvened in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating Stephen A. Douglas for president.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1"/>
June 26–28, 1860: Southern Democrats held a convention in Richmond, Virginia, nominating John C. Breckinridge for president.<ref name="blueandgraytrail1"/>
November 6, 1860: U.S. presidential election: Abraham Lincoln beat John C. Breckinridge, Stephen A. Douglas, and John Bell.
December 20, 1860: South Carolina Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD"> Template:Cite book Alt URL </ref>

January 3, 1861: Delaware Secession Convention voted not to secede from the Union<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
January 9, 1861: Mississippi Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

January 10, 1861: Florida Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

January 11, 1861: Alabama Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

January 18, 1861: Georgia Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

January 26, 1861: Louisiana Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

January 29, 1861. Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state.
February 1, 1861: Texas Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession<ref name="csawardept1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Hart_and_Channing_OoSaOD" />

February 13, 1861: Joint Session of Congress certified the election of President Abraham Lincoln and Vice President Hannibal Hamlin.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

February 23, 1861: The people of Texas ratified its Ordinance of Secession<ref name="csawardept1"/> President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. after an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland.

Major legislationEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

June 16, 1860: Pacific Telegraph Act of 1860, ch. 147, Template:USStat
March 2, 1861: Morrill Tariff, ch. 68, Template:USStat
December 18, 1860 (introduced): Crittenden Compromise, rejected by the House of Representatives and the Senate

Constitutional amendmentsEdit

March 2, 1861: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would shield "domestic institutions" of the states (which in 1861 included slavery) from the constitutional amendment process and from abolition or interference by Congress, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification Template:USStat
- This amendment, commonly known as the Corwin Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.

TreatiesEdit

March 8, 1859: Quinault Treaty ratified, Template:USStat
March 8, 1859: Point No Point Treaty ratified, Template:USStat

States admitted and territories organizedEdit

January 29, 1861: Kansas admitted as a state, ch. 20, Template:USStat
February 28, 1861: Colorado Territory organized, ch. 59, Template:USStat
March 2, 1861: Nevada Territory organized, ch. 83, Template:USStat
March 2, 1861: Dakota Territory organized, ch. 86, Template:USStat

Party summaryEdit

Senate membership
US Senate 36th begin.svg

Begin (March 4, 1859)
US Senate 36th end.svg

End (March 3, 1861)

House membership
US House 36th begin.svg

Begin (March 4, 1859)
US House 36th end.svg

End (March 3, 1861)

SenateEdit

Template:US Congress party summary

House of RepresentativesEdit

Template:US Congress party summary

LeadershipEdit

File:John C Breckinridge-04775-restored.jpg

President of the Senate
John C. Breckinridge

SenateEdit

President: John C. Breckinridge (D)
President pro tempore: Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until February 26, 1860
- Jesse D. Bright (D), June 12–26, 1860
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860
- Solomon Foot (R), elected February 16, 1861

House of RepresentativesEdit

Speaker: William Pennington (R), elected February 1, 1860, after 44 rounds of balloting<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Democratic Caucus Chairman: George S. Houston

MembersEdit

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

SenateEdit

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break

AlabamaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until January 21, 1861

ArkansasEdit

Template:Party stripe2. William K. Sebastian (D)

Template:Party stripe3. Robert W. Johnson (D)

CaliforniaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. David C. Broderick (D), until September 16, 1859

Template:Party stripe Henry P. Haun (D), November 3, 1859 – March 4, 1860

Template:Party stripe Milton Latham (D), from March 5, 1860

Template:Party stripe3. William M. Gwin (D)

ConnecticutEdit

Template:Party stripe1. James Dixon (R)

Template:Party stripe3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

DelawareEdit

Template:Party stripe1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D)

Template:Party stripe2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

FloridaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Stephen Mallory (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe3. David Levy Yulee (D), until January 21, 1861

GeorgiaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Robert Toombs (D), until February 4, 1861

Template:Party stripe3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D), until January 28, 1861

IllinoisEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)

Template:Party stripe3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

IndianaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Jesse D. Bright (D)

Template:Party stripe3. Graham N. Fitch (D)

IowaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. James W. Grimes (R)

Template:Party stripe3. James Harlan (R)

KansasEdit

2. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)

3. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)

KentuckyEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)

Template:Party stripe3. John J. Crittenden (A)

LouisianaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Judah P. Benjamin (D), until February 4, 1861

Template:Party stripe3. John Slidell (D), until February 4, 1861

MaineEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Hannibal Hamlin (R), until January 17, 1861

Template:Party stripe Lot M. Morrill (R), from January 17, 1861

Template:Party stripe2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)

MarylandEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Anthony Kennedy (A)

Template:Party stripe3. James A. Pearce (D)

MassachusettsEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Charles Sumner (R)

Template:Party stripe2. Henry Wilson (R)

MichiganEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Zachariah Chandler (R)

Template:Party stripe2. Kinsley S. Bingham (R)

Template:Col-break

MinnesotaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Henry M. Rice (D)

Template:Party stripe2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

MississippiEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Jefferson Davis (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe2. Albert G. Brown (D), until January 12, 1861

MissouriEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Trusten Polk (D)

Template:Party stripe3. James S. Green (D)

New HampshireEdit

Template:Party stripe2. John P. Hale (R)

Template:Party stripe3. Daniel Clark (R)

New JerseyEdit

Template:Party stripe1. John R. Thomson (D)

Template:Party stripe2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New YorkEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Preston King (R)

Template:Party stripe3. William H. Seward (R)

North CarolinaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Thomas Bragg (D)

Template:Party stripe3. Thomas L. Clingman (D)

OhioEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Benjamin Wade (R)

Template:Party stripe3. George E. Pugh (D)

OregonEdit

Template:Party stripe2. Edward D. Baker (R), from October 2, 1860

Template:Party stripe3. Joseph Lane (D)

PennsylvaniaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Simon Cameron (R)

Template:Party stripe3. William Bigler (D)

Rhode IslandEdit

Template:Party stripe1. James F. Simmons (R)

Template:Party stripe2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South CarolinaEdit

Template:Party stripe2. James Chesnut Jr. (D), until November 10, 1860

Template:Party stripe3. James H. Hammond (D), until November 11, 1860

TennesseeEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Andrew Johnson (D)

Template:Party stripe2. Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D), until March 3, 1861

TexasEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Matthias Ward (D), until December 5, 1859

Template:Party stripe Louis Wigfall (D), from December 5, 1859

Template:Party stripe2. John Hemphill (D)

VermontEdit

Template:Party stripe1. Solomon Foot (R)

Template:Party stripe3. Jacob Collamer (R)

VirginiaEdit

Template:Party stripe1. James M. Mason (D)

Template:Party stripe2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)

WisconsinEdit

Template:Party stripe1. James R. Doolittle (R)

Template:Party stripe3. Charles Durkee (R)

Template:Col-break

File:36th United States Congress Senators.svg

Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 36th Congress in March 1859. The green stripes represent Know-Nothings. Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

Template:Col-break

File:BenFitz.jpg

President pro tempore
Benjamin Fitzpatrick,
until February 26, 1860
June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860

File:Jesse D Bright.jpg

President pro tempore
Jesse D. Bright,
June 12, 1860 – June 13, 1860

File:Solomon Foot - Brady-Handy.jpg

President pro tempore
Solomon Foot,
from February 16, 1861

Template:Col-end

House of RepresentativesEdit

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers. Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break

AlabamaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James A. Stallworth (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James L. Pugh (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Clopton (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Sydenham Moore (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George S. Houston (D), until January 21, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Williamson R. W. Cobb (D), until January 30, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jabez L. M. Curry (D), until January 21, 1861

ArkansasEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas C. Hindman (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Albert Rust (D)

CaliforniaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John C. Burch (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles L. Scott (D)

ConnecticutEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Dwight Loomis (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Woodruff (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alfred A. Burnham (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Orris S. Ferry (R)

DelawareEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William G. Whiteley (D)

FloridaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George S. Hawkins (D), until January 21, 1861

GeorgiaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Peter E. Love (D), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Martin J. Crawford (D), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Lucius J. Gartrell (D), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John W. H. Underwood (D), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Jackson (D), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Joshua Hill (O), until January 23, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John J. Jones (D), until January 23, 1861

IllinoisEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Elihu B. Washburne (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John F. Farnsworth (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Owen Lovejoy (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Kellogg (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Isaac N. Morris (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John A. McClernand (D), from November 8, 1859

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James C. Robinson (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Philip B. Fouke (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John A. Logan (D)

IndianaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William E. Niblack (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William H. English (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William McKee Dunn (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William S. Holman (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. David Kilgore (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Albert G. Porter (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John G. Davis (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Wilson (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Schuyler Colfax (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles Case (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John U. Pettit (R)

IowaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel Curtis (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Vandever (R)

KansasEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Martin F. Conway (R), from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)

KentuckyEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry C. Burnett (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel O. Peyton (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Francis Bristow (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William C. Anderson (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Y. Brown (D), from December 3, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Green Adams (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Robert Mallory (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William E. Simms (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Laban T. Moore (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John W. Stevenson (D)

LouisianaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John E. Bouligny (A)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Miles Taylor (D), until February 5, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas G. Davidson (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John M. Landrum (D)

MaineEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Daniel E. Somes (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John J. Perry (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Ezra B. French (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Freeman H. Morse (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Israel Washburn Jr. (R), until January 1, 1861

Template:Party stripe Stephen Coburn (R), from January 2, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Stephen C. Foster (R)

MarylandEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James A. Stewart (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Edwin H. Webster (A)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. J. Morrison Harris (A)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry Winter Davis (A)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jacob M. Kunkel (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George W. Hughes (D)

MassachusettsEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas D. Eliot (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Buffington (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles F. Adams Sr. (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alexander H. Rice (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Anson Burlingame (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John B. Alley (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Daniel W. Gooch (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles R. Train (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Eli Thayer (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles Delano (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry L. Dawes (R)

MichiganEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George B. Cooper (D), until May 15, 1860

Template:Party stripe William A. Howard (R), from May 15, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry Waldron (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Francis W. Kellogg (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Dewitt C. Leach (R)

MinnesotaEdit

Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
(2 Republicans)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Cyrus Aldrich (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Windom (R)

MississippiEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D), until December 20, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Reuben Davis (D), until January 12, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Barksdale (D), until January 12, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Otho R. Singleton (D), until January 12, 1861

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John J. McRae (D), until January 12, 1861

MissouriEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John R. Barret (D), until June 8, 1860

Template:Party stripe Francis P. Blair Jr. (R), June 8, 1860 – June 25, 1860

Template:Party stripe John R. Barret (D), from December 3, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas L. Anderson (ID)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John B. Clark (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Craig (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel H. Woodson (A)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John S. Phelps (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John W. Noell (D)

New HampshireEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Gilman Marston (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Mason Tappan (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas M. Edwards (R)

New JerseyEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John T. Nixon (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John L. N. Stratton (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Garnett Adrain (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Jetur R. Riggs (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Pennington (R)

Template:Col-break

New YorkEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Luther C. Carter (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James Humphrey (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Daniel Sickles (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas J. Barr (ID)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William B. Maclay (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Cochrane (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George Briggs (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Horace F. Clark (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John B. Haskin (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William S. Kenyon (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles L. Beale (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Abram B. Olin (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John H. Reynolds (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James B. McKean (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George W. Palmer (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Francis E. Spinner (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Clark B. Cochrane (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James H. Graham (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Roscoe Conkling (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. R. Holland Duell (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. M. Lindley Lee (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles B. Hoard (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles B. Sedgwick (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Martin Butterfield (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Emory B. Pottle (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alfred Wells (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Irvine (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alfred Ely (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Augustus Frank (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Silas M. Burroughs (R), until June 3, 1860

Template:Party stripe Edwin R. Reynolds (R), from December 5, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Elbridge G. Spaulding (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Reuben Fenton (R)

North CarolinaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William N. H. Smith (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Ruffin (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Warren Winslow (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Gilmer (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James M. Leach (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. F. Burton Craige (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Zebulon Vance (O)

OhioEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George H. Pendleton (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John A. Gurley (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Clement Vallandigham (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Allen (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James M. Ashley (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Howard (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas Corwin (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Benjamin Stanton (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Carey (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Carey A. Trimble (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles D. Martin (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel S. Cox (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Sherman (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Cyrus Spink (R), until May 31, 1859

Template:Party stripe Harrison G. O. Blake (R), from October 11, 1859

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Helmick (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Cydnor B. Tompkins (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas C. Theaker (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Sidney Edgerton (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Edward Wade (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Hutchins (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Bingham (R)

OregonEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Lansing Stout (D)

PennsylvaniaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas B. Florence (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Edward Joy Morris (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John P. Verree (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Millward (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Wood (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Hickman (ALD)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry C. Longnecker (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Schwartz (ALD), until June 20, 1860

Template:Party stripe Jacob K. McKenty (D), from December 3, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thaddeus Stevens (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John W. Killinger (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James H. Campbell (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. George W. Scranton (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William H. Dimmick (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Galusha A. Grow (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James T. Hale (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Benjamin F. Junkin (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Edward McPherson (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Samuel S. Blair (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John Covode (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Montgomery (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James K. Moorhead (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Robert McKnight (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Stewart (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Chapin Hall (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Elijah Babbitt (R)

Rhode IslandEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Christopher Robinson (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William D. Brayton (R)

South CarolinaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John McQueen (D), until December 21, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William P. Miles (D), until December 21, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Laurence M. Keitt (D), until December 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Milledge L. Bonham (D), until December 21, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John D. Ashmore (D), until December 21, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William W. Boyce (D), until December 21, 1860

TennesseeEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas A. R. Nelson (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Horace Maynard (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Reese B. Brabson (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William B. Stokes (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Robert H. Hatton (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James H. Thomas (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John V. Wright (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. James M. Quarles (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Emerson Etheridge (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William T. Avery (D)

TexasEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John H. Reagan (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Andrew J. Hamilton (ID)

VermontEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Eliakim P. Walton (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Homer E. Royce (R)

VirginiaEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Muscoe R. H. Garnett (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John S. Millson (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Daniel C. De Jarnette (ID)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Goode (D), until July 3, 1859

Template:Party stripe Roger A. Pryor (D), from December 7, 1859

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Thomas S. Bocock (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Shelton Leake (ID)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William Smith (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Alexander Boteler (O)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John T. Harris (ID)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Sherrard Clemens (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Albert G. Jenkins (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Henry A. Edmundson (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Elbert S. Martin (ID)

WisconsinEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. John F. Potter (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Charles H. Larrabee (D)

Non-voting membersEdit

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Marcus J. Parrott (R), until January 29, 1861

Template:0 Template:Ushr. Experience Estabrook, until May 18, 1860

Template:Party stripe Samuel G. Daily (R), from May 18, 1860

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Miguel A. Otero (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. William H. Hooper (D)

Template:Party stripe Template:Ushr. Isaac Stevens (D)

Template:Col-break

File:36 us house membership.png

House seats by party holding plurality in state
Template:Legend	Template:Legend
Template:Legend	Template:Legend
Template:Legend	Template:Legend

File:William Pennington portrait.jpg

Speaker of the House
William Pennington

File:House of Representatives and Speaker Henry Wilson - NARA - 528743.jpg

Group photo of the U.S. House of Representatives, in 1860, during this Congress.

Template:Col-end

Changes in membershipEdit

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

SenateEdit

Template:See also

Replacements: 4
- Democrats (D): no net change
- Republicans (R): no net change
Deaths: 1
Resignations: 1
Interim appointments: 1
Withdrawals: 13
Total seats with changes: 16

Template:Ordinal US Congress change

|- | Oregon
(2) | Vacant | Successor elected late due to legislature's failure to elect. | Template:Party shading/Republican | Edward D. Baker (R) | October 2, 1860

|- | California
(1) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | David C. Broderick (D) | Died September 16, 1859, after taking part in a duel he participated in, which he was unlucky.
Interim successor was appointed to continue the term. | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Henry P. Haun (D) | November 3, 1859

|- | Texas
(1) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Matthias Ward (D) | Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term
Successor elected December 5, 1859. | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Louis Wigfall (D) | December 5, 1859

|- | California
(1) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Henry P. Haun (D) | Interim appointee lost election to finish the term
Successor elected March 5, 1860. | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Milton Latham (D) | March 5, 1860

|- | South Carolina
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James Chesnut Jr. (D) | Withdrew November 10, 1860. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | South Carolina
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James H. Hammond (D) | Withdrew November 11, 1860. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Mississippi
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Albert G. Brown (D) | Withdrew January 12, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Maine
(1) | Template:Party shading/Republican | Hannibal Hamlin (R) | Resigned January 17, 1861, to become Vice President of the United States.
Successor elected January 17, 1861. | Template:Party shading/Republican | Lot M. Morrill (R) | January 17, 1861

|- | Alabama
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | Withdrew January 21, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Alabama
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Clement C. Clay (D) | Withdrew January 21, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Florida
(1) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Stephen Mallory (D) | Withdrew January 21, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Florida
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | David L. Yulee (D) | Withdrew January 21, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Mississippi
(1) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jefferson Davis (D) | Withdrew January 21, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Georgia
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Alfred Iverson Sr. (D) | Withdrew January 28, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Kansas
(2) | New seat | New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Senator was not elected until the next Congress. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Kansas
(3) | New seat | New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
Senator was not elected until the next Congress. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Georgia
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Robert Toombs (D) | Withdrew February 4, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Louisiana
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Judah P. Benjamin (D) | Withdrew February 4, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Louisiana
(3) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Slidell (D) | Withdrew February 4, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress

|- | Tennessee
(2) | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D) | Withdrew March 3, 1861. | Vacant | Not filled this Congress |}

House of RepresentativesEdit

Replacements: 7
- Democrats (D): no net change
- Republicans (R): 1 seat net loss
- Anti-Lecompton Democrats (LD): 1 seat net gain
Deaths: 4
Resignations: 3
Contested election: 1
Withdrawals: 28
Total seats with changes: 41

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:Ordinal US Congress change

|- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Vacancy in term | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John A. McClernand (D) | Seated November 8, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Vacant | style="font-size:80%" | Brown could not take seat because he had not yet attained age required by the US Constitution | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Y. Brown (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Cyrus Spink (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died May 31, 1859 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Harrison G. O. Blake (R) | Seated October 11, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William Goode (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died July 3, 1859 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Roger A. Pryor (D) | Seated December 7, 1859 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George B. Cooper (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 15, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Francis P. Blair Jr. (R) | Seated May 15, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Experience Estabrook | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 18, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Samuel G. Daily (R) | Seated May 18, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Silas M. Burroughs (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 3, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Edwin R. Reynolds (R) | Seated December 5, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John R. Barret (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election June 8, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Republican | William A. Howard (R) | Seated June 8, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John Schwartz (ALD) | style="font-size:80%" | Died June 20, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jacob K. McKenty (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | William A. Howard (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 25, 1860 | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John R. Barret (D) | Seated December 3, 1860 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Lucius Q. C. Lamar II (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Laurence M. Keitt (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John McQueen (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William P. Miles (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Milledge L. Bonham (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John D. Ashmore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William W. Boyce (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Israel Washburn Jr. (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1861, after being elected Governor of Maine | Template:Party shading/Republican | Stephen Coburn (R) | Seated January 2, 1861 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Reuben Davis (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | William Barksdale (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Otho R. Singleton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John J. McRae (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James A. Stallworth (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James L. Pugh (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | David Clopton (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Sydenham Moore (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George S. Houston (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Jabez L. M. Curry (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | George S. Hawkins (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Peter E. Love (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Martin J. Crawford (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Opposition | Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Lucius J. Gartrell (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John W. H. Underwood (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | James Jackson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Opposition | Joshua Hill (O) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | John J. Jones (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Republican | Marcus J. Parrott (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 | colspan=2 | Seat eliminated |- | Template:Ushr | New Seat | style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 | Template:Party shading/Republican | Martin F. Conway (R) | Seated January 29, 1861 |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Williamson R. W. Cobb (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 30, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |- | Template:Ushr | Template:Party shading/Democratic | Miles Taylor (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew February 5, 1861 | Vacant | Not filled this term |}

CommitteesEdit

Lists of committees and their party leaders.

SenateEdit

Alter and Improve Senate Chamber (Select)
Amendments to the Constitution (Select)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Andrew Johnson)
Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
Circulation of Bank Notes in the District of Columbia (Select)
Claims (Chairman: Alfred Iverson Jr.)
Commerce (Chairman: Clement Claiborne Clay)
Comptroller William Medill (Select)
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Albert G. Brown)
Duties of Imports (Select)
Finance (Chairman: Robert M. T. Hunter)
Foreign Relations (Chairman: James M. Mason)
French Spoilations (Select)
Harpers Ferry Invasion (Select)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: William K. Sebastian)
Judiciary (Chairman: James A. Bayard Jr.)
Memorial of Houmas Lands Settlers (Select)
Military Affairs (Chairman: Jefferson Davis)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Stephen Mallory)
Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
Pacific Railroad (Select)
Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: William Bigler)
Pensions (Chairman: N/A)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: N/A)
Printing (Chairman: N/A)
Public Printing Investigation (Select)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: N/A)
Public Lands (Chairman: Robert W. Johnson)
Retrenchment (Chairman: N/A)
Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: N/A)
Tariff Regulation (Select)
Territories (Chairman: N/A)
Thirteen on the Disturbed Condition of the Country (Select)
Whole

House of RepresentativesEdit

Accounts (Chairman: Francis E. Spinner)
Agriculture (Chairman: Martin Butterfield)
Claims (Chairman: John Hickman)
Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne)
District of Columbia (Chairman: Luther C. Carter)
Elections (Chairman: John A. Gilmer)
Engraving (Chairman: Garnett B. Adrain)
Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: N/A)
Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Robert Hatton)
Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: George W. Palmer)
Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: James B. McKean)
Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Dwight Loomis)
Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Stewart)
Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: William D. Brayton)
Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Corwin)
Indian Affairs (Chairman: Emerson Etheridge)
Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Reuben E. Fenton)
Judiciary (Chairman: John Hickman)
Manufactures (Chairman: Charles F. Adams)
Mileage (Chairman: John D. Ashmore)
Military Affairs (Chairman: Benjamin Stanton)
Militia (Chairman: Cydnor B. Tompkins)
Naval Affairs (Chairman: Freeman H. Morse)
Patents (Chairman: William Millward)
Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Schuyler Colfax)
Private Land Claims (Chairman: Cadwallader C. Washburn)
Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Charles R. Train)
Public Expenditures (Chairman: John B. Haskin)
Public Lands (Chairman: Eli Thayer)
Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: John A. Logan)
Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: George N. Briggs)
Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: John F. Potter)
Roads and Canals (Chairman: Robert Mallory)
Rules (Select)
Standards of Official Conduct
Territories (Chairman: Galusha A. Grow)
Ways and Means (Chairman: John Sherman)
Whole

Joint committeesEdit

Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Sen. Henry Haun then Sen. Willard Saulsbury Sr.)
The Library (Chairman: Rep. John U. Pettit)
Printing (Chairman: Rep. John A. Gurley)
Making Arrangements for Inaugurating Washington's Statue

CaucusesEdit

Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)

EmployeesEdit

Legislative branch agency directorsEdit

SenateEdit

Chaplain: Stephen P. Hill (Baptist), until December 15, 1859
- Phineas D. Gurley (Presbyterian), elected December 15, 1859
Secretary: Asbury Dickins
Sergeant at Arms: Dunning R. McNair

House of RepresentativesEdit

Clerk: James C. Allen, until February 3, 1860
- John W. Forney, elected February 3, 1860
Chaplain: None
Doorkeeper: Robert B. Hackney, until February 6, 1860
- George Marston, elected February 6, 1860
Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
Postmaster: Josiah M. Lucas
Reading Clerks: Template:Data missing
Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner, until February 3, 1860
- Henry William Hoffman, from February 3, 1860

See alsoEdit

1858 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
- 1858–59 United States Senate elections
- 1858–59 United States House of Representatives elections
1860 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)

NotesEdit

Template:Notelist

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

ReferencesEdit

External linksEdit

Template:USCongresses

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