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75th Innovation Command

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox military unit

The 75th Innovation Command (75th IC) is a separate command of the United States Army Reserve.<ref name="Homepage">75th Innovation Command, usar.army.mil, last accessed 1 April 2018</ref>

The 75th IC was activated as the 75th Infantry Division in World War II. Inactivated in 1945, it was reactivated in 1952 at Houston, Texas, from the assets of the disbanded 22nd Armored Division of the United States Army Organized Reserves. It was active as an Infantry Division from 1952 to 1957, when it was reorganized and redesignated as the 75th Maneuver Area Command (MAC), and given responsibility for planning and conducting Field Training Exercises (FTX) and Command Post Exercises (CPX) for all Reserve Component units west of the Mississippi River. In 1993, the 75th MAC was redesignated as the 75th Division (Training Support) in the Army Reserve, which in later years became designated the 75th Training Command. In January 2003, numerous units of the 75th were mobilized to train other Army Reserve and Army National Guard units deploying overseas in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF). In January 2018, the 75th was reorganized into the 75th Innovation Command with its training divisions reassigned to the 84th Training Command.<ref>75th Innovation Command, Unites Under 84th Training Command Mission Command, usar.army.mil, last accessed 1 April 2018</ref>

LineageEdit

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  • Assigned 9 December 1944, to the Ninth Army, which was part of the 12th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 11 December 1944, to the XVI Corps.
  • Landed in France on 13 December 1944.
  • Crossed over into the Netherlands on 18 December 1944.
  • Further assigned 22 December 1944, to the VII Corps, First Army (attached to the British 21st Army Group), 12th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 29 December 1944 to the XVIII (Abn) Corps.
  • Further assigned 2 January 1945 to the VII Corps.
  • Further assigned 7 January 1945 to the XVIII (Abn) Corps.
  • Further assigned 25 January 1945 to the 6th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 30 January 1945 to the XXI Corps, Seventh Army, 6th Army Group, but attached for operations to the First French Army, 6th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 11 February 1945 to the Seventh Army, 6th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 14 February 1945 to the 12th Army Group.
  • Further assigned 17 February 1945 to the Ninth Army, 12th Army Group, but attached to the British Second Army for operations and the British VIII Corps for administration. Entered Belgium.
  • Withdrew to the Netherlands on 18 February 1945.
  • Finally assigned 1 March 1945 to the XVI Corps, Ninth Army, 12th Army Group.
  • Entered Germany on 10 March 1945.
  • Was located at Werdohl, Germany, on 14 August 1945
  • Returned to Continental US at Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation on 14 November 1945, and proceeded to Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia.
  • Inactivated 14 November 1945, at Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia.
  • Allotted 21 February 1952, to the Organized Reserve Corps.
  • Activated 1 March 1952, at Houston, Texas.
  • (Organized Reserve Corps redesignated 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve).
  • Redesignated 15 February 1957 as the 75th Maneuver Area Command (MAC) at Houston, Texas.
  • Redesignated 1 October 1993 as Headquarters, 75th Division (Exercise) at Houston, Texas.
  • Reorganized and redesignated 17 October 1999 as Headquarters, 75th Division (Training Support).
  • Redesignated 2 November 2007 as 75th Battle Command Training Division (BCTD)
  • Redesignated 1 October 2011 as 75th Training Division (Mission Command), later 75th Training Command (Mission Command)
  • Redesignated January 2018 as 75th Innovation Command<ref name="Homepage"/>

World War IIEdit

UnitsEdit

  • Headquarters, 75th Infantry Division
  • 289th Infantry Regiment
  • 290th Infantry Regiment
  • 291st Infantry Regiment
  • Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 75th Infantry Division Artillery
    • 730th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm)
    • 897th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
    • 898th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
    • 899th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
  • 275th Engineer Combat Battalion
  • 375th Medical Battalion
  • 75th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
  • Headquarters, Special Troops, 75th Infantry Division
    • Headquarters Company, 75th Infantry Division
    • 775th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
    • 75th Quartermaster Company
    • 575th Signal Company
    • Military Police Platoon
    • Band
  • 75th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment

Combat chronicleEdit

File:American 290th Infantry Regiment infantrymen fighting in snow during the Battle of the Bulge.jpg
Soldiers of the 290th Infantry Regiment in the Ardennes during the Battle of the Bulge (Amonines, Belgium 4 January 1945)

These combat chronicles, current as of October 1948, are drawn from The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States.<ref>U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950, pp. 510–592</ref>

The 75th Infantry Division arrived in Britain, 22 November 1944; headquarters having arrived on 2 November 1944. After a brief training program, the division landed at Le Havre and Rouen, 13 December, and bivouacked at Yvetot on the 14th. When the Von Rundstedt offensive broke in the Ardennes, the 75th was rushed to the front and entered defensive combat, 23 December 1944, alongside the Ourthe River, advanced to the Aisne River, and entered Grandmenil, 5 January 1945. The division relieved the 82d Airborne Division along the Salm River, 8 January, and strengthened its defensive positions until 17 January when it attacked, taking Vielsalm and other towns in the area.

File:SC 272316 - Men of 75th divison trudge through the snow toward the Salm River, near Arbrefontaine, Belgium, to relieve the 82nd Airborne Division. (49346101683).jpg
Men of the 75th Division trudge through the snow toward the Salm River, near Arbrefontaine, Belgium, to relieve the 82nd Airborne Division.

Shifting to the Seventh Army area in Alsace—Lorraine, the 75th crossed the Colmar Canal, 1 February, and took part in the liberation of Colmar and in the fighting between the Rhine River and the Vosges Mountains. It crossed the Marne-Rhine Canal and reached the Rhine, 7 February. After a brief rest at Lunéville, it returned to combat, relieving the 6th British Airborne Division on a Template:Convert defensive front along the Meuse (Maas), near Roermond, in the Netherlands, on 21 February. From 13 to 23 March, the 75th patrolled a sector along the west bank of the Rhine from Wesel to Homburg, and probed enemy defenses at night.

On 24 March, elements crossed the Rhine in the wake of the 30th and 79th Divisions. Pursuit of the enemy continued as the 75th cleared the Haard Forest, 1 April, crossed the Dortmund-Ems Canal on the 4th, and cleared the approaches to Dortmund, which fell to the 95th Division, 13 April. Around the same time, troops of the division liberated Stalag VI-A, a POW camp where thousands of Soviet and Polish prisoners of war had died of malnutrition and disease. After taking Herdecke, 13 April, the division moved to Braumbauer for rest and rehabilitation, then took over security and military government duties in Westphalia. The father of Randy Pausch was wounded and received a Bronze Star during this time, as related in The Last Lecture.

CasualtiesEdit

  • Total battle casualties: 4,324<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953">Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths, Final Report (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)</ref>
  • Killed in action: 817<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>
  • Wounded in action: 3,314<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>
  • Missing in action: 77<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>
  • Prisoner of war: 116<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>

HonorsEdit

Campaign participation creditEdit

  • World War II:
  1. Rhineland;
  2. Ardennes-Alsace;
  3. Central Europe

Unit awardsEdit

Individual awardsEdit

CommandersEdit

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Command Sergeants MajorEdit

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Current unitsEdit

Also now known as the U.S. Army Reserve Innovation Command (USARIC),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> as of January 2018, this unit was designated as the 75th Innovation Command and all previously subordinate units outside of headquarters and headquarters company were assigned to the 84th Training Command.

Current Mission: "The 75th Innovation Command drives operational innovation, concepts, and capabilities to enhance the readiness and lethality of the Future Force by leveraging the unique skills, agility, and private sector connectivity of America's Army Reserve."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> USARIC is designed to be in direct support of Army Futures Command. With a requirement for senior officers and NCOs to research and publish thought leadership, there are several publications across disciplines by its members.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Current Commander and Command Sergeant Major are MG Martin F. Klein and CSM Kristal Florquist.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Current Deputy Commander is BG Robert E. Guidry.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

USARIC Headquarters and Headquarters Company – Houston, Texas<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Notable membersEdit

GeneralEdit

  • Shoulder patch: Khaki-bordered square with diagonal fields of blue, white, and red on which is superimposed a blue 7 and red 5.

ReferencesEdit

<References/>

External linksEdit

Template:Army Divisions (United States)

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