8th century BC

Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Centurybox The 8th century BC started the first day of 800 BC and ended the last day of 701 BC. The 8th century BC was a period of great change for several historically significant civilizations. In Egypt, the 23rd and 24th dynasties lead to rule from Kingdom of Kush in the 25th Dynasty. The Neo-Assyrian Empire reaches the peak of its power, conquering the Kingdom of Israel as well as nearby countries.

Greece colonizes other regions of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea. Rome is founded in 753 BC, and the Etruscan civilization expands in Italy. The 8th century BC is conventionally taken as the beginning of Classical Antiquity, with the first Olympiad set at 776 BC, and the epics of Homer dated to between 750 and 650 BC.

Iron Age India enters the later Vedic period. Vedic ritual is annotated in many priestly schools in Brahmana commentaries, and the earliest Upanishads mark the beginning of Vedanta philosophy.

EventsEdit

File:Lupa Capitolina, Rome.jpg

The bronze Capitoline Wolf suckles the infant twins Romulus and Remus, the twins added in the 15th century. They were the legendary founders of Rome.

File:Sargon II and dignitary.jpg

Sargon II, King of Assyria and conqueror of the Kingdom of Israel, depicted here with a dignitary

Late 8th century BC: Earrings, crown and rosettes, from the tomb of Queen Yabay in Kalhu (modern Nimrud, Iraq) are made. They are now at Iraq Museum, Baghdad. Discovered in 1988.
Second half of the 8th century BC: In the Kingdom of Judah, Jerusalem begins an expansion in population and size, going from a small town into a major city.
797 BC: Thespieus, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 27 years and is succeeded by his son Agamestor.

780s BCEdit

788 BC: The Malay society of Sungai Batu in Old Kedah Kingdom (History of Kedah) had established the dynamic city port and industry which iron smelting has operated in a large scale and their entreport was an important trade centre. Iron was the major commodity which exported from Sungai Batu, Old Kedah Kingdom or it was known in the past as Kataha, Qalah, Chie-Cha and some other names. At these time, Old Kedah Kingdom located in Malaysia or the Malay Peninsula. The excavation works at the ancient city are still going on.
783 BC: Shalmaneser IV succeeds his father Adad-nirari III as king of Assyria.
782 BC: Founding of Erebuni (Էրեբունի) by the orders of King Argishtis I at the site of current-day Yerevan.
782 BC: Death of King Xuan of Zhou, king of the Zhou dynasty of China.
781 BC: King You of Zhou becomes king of the Zhou dynasty of China.
780 BC: The first historic solar eclipse is recorded in China.

(Although Greece, Egypt, and other Eastern societies had mentioned solar and lunar eclipses, and had been counting their centuries on lunar and solar cycles, the mentioned solar eclipse lasted longer than previous records.)

770s BCEdit

778 BC: Agamestor, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 17 years and is succeeded by his son Aeschylus.
776 BC: retrospectively set as the first Olympiad. The history of the Olympic Games is believed to reach as far back as the 13th century BC.
774 BC: End of the reign of king Pygmalion of Tyre.
773 BC: Death of Shoshenq III, king of Egypt.
773 BC: Ashur-Dan III succeeds his brother Shalmaneser IV as king of Assyria.
771 BC: End of the Western Zhou dynasty in China as "western" barbarian tribes sack the capital Hao. King You of Zhou is killed. Crown Prince Ji Yijiu escapes and will reign as King Ping of Zhou.
770 BC: Beginning of the Eastern Zhou dynasty in China as King Ping of Zhou becomes the first King of the Zhou to rule from the new capital of Chengzhou (today Luoyang).

760s BCEdit

June 15, 763 BC: A solar eclipse on this date is used to fix the chronology of the Ancient Near East.
Mid-8th century BC: Model of temple, found in the Sanctuary of Hera, Argos, is made. It is now at National Archeological Museum, Athens.

750s BCEdit

756 BC: Founding of Cyzicus.
755 BC: Ashur-nirari V succeeds Ashur-Dan III as king of Assyria.
755 BC: Aeschylus, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 23 years and is succeeded by Alcmaeon.
753 BC: Alcmaeon, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 2 years. He is replaced by Harops, elected Archon for a ten-year term.
April 21, 753 BC: Rome founded by Romulus (according to tradition). Beginning of the Roman 'Ab urbe condita' calendar.

740s BCEdit

February 26, 747 BC: Nabonassar becomes king of Babylon.
747 BC: Meles becomes king of Lydia.
747 BC: The Lusatian culture city at Biskupin is founded.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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745 BC: The crown of Assyria is seized by Pul, who takes the name Tiglath-Pileser III.
743 BC: Duke Zhuang of the Chinese state of Zheng comes to power.
740 BC: Tiglath-Pileser III conquers the city of Arpad in Syria after two years of siege.
740 BC: Start of Ahaz's reign of Judah.