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Alberto Ginastera

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox classical composer Alberto Evaristo Ginastera ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; April 11, 1916Template:Spaced ndashJune 25, 1983) was an Argentine composer of classical music. He is considered to be one of the most important 20th-century classical composers of the Americas.<ref>Deborah Schwartz-Kates, "Ginastera, Alberto (Evaristo)", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001); Evett, Robert. 1966. "The South American Way", New Republic 154, no. 12 (19 March): 35; Anon. "Obituary: Alberto Ginastera". The Musical Times 124, no. 1687, Music of the French Baroque (September 1983): 568; Aurelio de la Vega, "Trends of Present-Day Latin-American Music", Journal of Inter-American Studies 1, no. 1 (January 1959): 97–102, citation on p. 10; Norman Lebrecht, Companion to Twentieth-century Music (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992): 134. Reprint New York: Da Capo Press. Template:ISBN; Levin Houston, "Kennedy Center Sees Beatrix Cenci", The Free Lance-Star [Fredericksburg, Virginia] 87, no. 215 (13 September 1971); Suzanne Spicer Tiemstra, The Choral Music of Latin America: A Guide to Compositions and Research, Contributions in Afro-American & African Studies 36 (New York: Greenwood Press, 1992): 2. Template:ISBN.</ref>

BiographyEdit

File:Conservatorio Julián Aguirre.jpg
Julián Aguirre Conservatory of Music, founded by Ginastera in 1951

Ginastera was born in Buenos Aires to a Spanish father and an Italian mother. During his later years, he preferred to use the Catalan and Italian pronunciation of his surname – {{#invoke:IPA|main}}, with an initial soft 'G' like that of English 'George' – rather than with a Spanish 'J' sound ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Ginastera studied at the Williams Conservatory in Buenos Aires, graduating in 1938. As a young professor, he taught at the Liceo Militar General San Martín. After a visit to the United States in 1945–47, where he studied with Aaron Copland at Tanglewood, he returned to Buenos Aires. He held a number of teaching posts. Among his notable students were Ástor Piazzolla (who studied with him in 1941), Alcides Lanza, Jorge Antunes, Waldo de los Ríos, Jacqueline Nova, Blas Atehortua, Rafael Aponte-Ledée. (Template:See LMST)

In 1968 Ginastera moved back to the United States, and in 1970 to Europe. He died in Geneva, Switzerland, at the age of 67 and was buried in the Cimetière des Rois there.

MusicEdit

Ginastera grouped his music into three periods: "Objective Nationalism" (1934–1948), "Subjective Nationalism" (1948–1958), and "Neo-Expressionism" (1958–1983). Among other distinguishing features, these periods vary in their use of traditional Argentine musical elements. His Objective Nationalistic works often integrate Argentine folk themes in a straightforward fashion, while works in the later periods incorporate traditional elements in increasingly abstracted forms.

Many of Ginastera's works were inspired by the Gauchesco tradition. This tradition holds that the gaucho, or landless native horseman of the plains, is a symbol of Argentina.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

His Cantata para América Mágica (1960), for dramatic soprano and 53 percussion instruments, was based on ancient pre-Columbian legends. Its U.S. West Coast premiere was performed by the Los Angeles Percussion Ensemble under Henri Temianka and William Kraft at UCLA in 1963.

WorksEdit

OperaEdit

  • Don Rodrigo, Op. 31 (1963–64)
  • Bomarzo, Op. 34 (1966–67), banned in Argentina until 1972
  • Beatrix Cenci, Op. 38 (1971), based on the play The Cenci (1819) by Percy Bysshe Shelley

BalletEdit

  • Panambí, Op. 1 (1935)
  • Estancia, Op. 8 (1941)

OrchestraEdit

  • Suite from Panambí, Op. 1a (1937)
  • Dances from Estancia, Op. 8a (1943)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Obertura para el "Fausto" criollo, Op. 9 (1943)
  • Ollantay: 3 Symphonic Movements, Op. 17 (1947)
  • Variaciones concertantes, Op. 23 (1953)
  • Pampeana No. 3, Op. 24 (1954)
  • Concerto per corde, Op. 33 (1965)
  • Estudios Sinfonicos, Op. 35 (1967)
  • Popol Vuh, Op. 44 (1975–1983, left incomplete at the composer's death)
  • Glosses sobre temes de Pau Casals for string orchestra, Op. 46 (1976)
  • Glosses sobre temes de Pau Casals for full orchestra, Op. 48 (1976–77)
  • Iubilum, Op. 51 (1979–80)

ConcertanteEdit

Chamber/InstrumentalEdit

  • Duo, for flute and oboe, Op. 13 (1945)
  • Pampeana No. 1, for violin and piano, Op. 16 (1947)
  • String Quartet No. 1, Op. 20 (1948)
  • Pampeana No. 2, for violoncello and piano, Op. 21 (1950)
  • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 26 (1958, Rev. 1968)
  • Piano Quintet, Op. 29 (1963)
  • String Quartet No. 3, for soprano and string quartet, Op. 40 (1973)
  • Puneña No. 1, for flute, Op. 41 (1973, left incomplete at the time of the composer's death)
  • Puneña No. 2 ("Hommage à Paul Sacher"), for violoncello, Op. 45 (1976)
  • Sonata for guitar, Op. 47 (1976, Rev. 1981)
  • Sonata for cello and piano, Op. 49 (1979)
  • Fanfare for four trumpets, op. 51a (1980)

PianoEdit

  • Danzas argentinas, Op. 2 (1937)
  • Tres piezas, Op. 6 (1940)
  • Malambo, Op. 7 ( 1940)
  • "Pequena Danza" (from the ballet Estancia, Op. 8) (1941)
  • 12 Preludios americanos, Op. 12 (1944)
  • Suite de danzas criollas, Op. 15 (1946, rev. 1956)
  • Rondó sobre temas infantiles argentinos, Op. 19 (1947)
  • Piano Sonata No. 1, Op. 22 (1952)
  • Arrangement of an Organ Toccata by Domenico Zipoli (1970)
  • Piano Sonata No. 2, Op. 53 (1981)
  • Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 54 (1982)
  • Danzas argentinas para los ninos (Unfinished)
    1. Moderato: para Alex
    2. Paisaje: para Georgina

OrganEdit

Vocal/ChoralEdit

  • 2 Songs, for voice and piano, Op. 3 (1938)
  • Cantos del Tucumán, for voice, flute, harp, percussion, and violin, Op. 4 (1938)
  • Psalm 150, for mixed choir, children's choir and orchestra, Op. 5 (1938)
  • 5 canciones populares argentinas, for voice and piano, Op. 10 (1943)
  • Las horas de una estancia, for voice and piano, Op. 11 (1943)
  • Lamentaciones de Jeremias Propheta, for chorus, Op. 14 (1946)
  • Cantata para América mágica, for dramatic soprano and percussion orchestra, Op. 27 (1960)
  • Cantata Bomarzo, for soloists, narrator, and chamber orchestra, Op. 32 (1964)
  • Milena, for soprano and orchestra, Op. 37 (1971)
  • Serenata, for baritone, violoncello, wind quintet, percussion, harp, and double bass, Op. 42 (1973)
  • Turbae ad passionem gregorianam, for soloists, chorus, boy's chorus and orchestra, Op. 43 (1975)
  • Canción del beso robado, for voice and piano (19??)

Works withdrawn by the composer (without opus number)Edit

  • Piezas Infantiles, for piano (1934)
  • Impresiones de la Puna, for flute and string quartet (1934)
  • Concierto argentino, for piano and orchestra (1936)
  • El arriero canta, for chorus (1937)
  • Sonatina, for harp (1938)
  • Symphony No. 1 ("Porteña") (1942)
  • Symphony No. 2 ("Elegíaca") (1944)

Incidental/film musicEdit

  • Don Basilio malcasado (1940)
  • Doña Clorinda la descontenta (1941)
  • Malambo (1942)
  • Rosa de América (1945)
  • Las antiguas semillas (1947)
  • Nace la libertad (1949)
  • El puente (1950)
  • Facundo, el tigre de los llanos (1952)
  • Caballito criollo (1953)
  • Su seguro servidor (1954)
  • Los maridos de mamá (1956)
  • Enigma de mujer (1956)
  • Spring of Life (1957)
  • Hay que bañar al nene (1958)
  • El límite (1958)
  • A María del corazón (1960)
  • La doncella prodigiosa (1961)

DiscographyEdit

  • Bomarzo, The Opera Society of Washington, Julius Rudel, conductor; 1967 recordingTemplate:Full citation needed re-released on Sony Classical in 2016.Template:Full citation needed
  • Cantata para América Mágica, Raquel Adonaylo, soprano; Los Angeles Percussion Ensemble, William Kraft, conductor. With: Carlos Chávez, Toccata for Percussion, Henri Temianka, conductor. LP recording, analog, Template:Frac rpm, stereo, Template:Cvt Columbia Masterworks MS 6447. New York: Columbia Records, 1963.
  • Cantata para America Magica, McGill Percussion Ensemble, P. Béluse, director, Elise Bédard, soprano, McGill Records CD, 1997.
  • Complete works for piano, Andrzej Pikul (piano), Dux Recording Producers, 2007.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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ReferencesEdit

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Further readingEdit

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