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Anne Garrels

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Template:Short description Template:Use American English Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox person

Anne Longworth Garrels (July 2, 1951 – September 7, 2022) was an American broadcast journalist who worked as a foreign correspondent for National Public Radio, as well as for ABC and NBC, and other media.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org">Engle, Jane: "From Beijing to Baghdad, Garrels strayed far to the drumbeat of war," L.A. Press Club, retrieved September 8, 2022</ref>

In the mid-1970s, when she worked for ABC (including as producer), Garrels was one of the few women national broadcast journalists in the United States—eventually serving as ABC's Moscow Bureau Chief in the Soviet Union, until expelled for her detailed, unflattering reporting on the country and its issues. She became a war correspondent for ABC, covering Central American conflicts. She later became NBC's reporter at the U.S. State Department.

In 1988, Garrels began her 22-year career as a foreign correspondent for National Public Radio (NPR), closely covering conflicts and other major events throughout the world, earning numerous media awards, most famously for covering the 2003 Iraq War and its aftermath—at one point the only American broadcast journalist in Iraq's war-torn capital.

Garrels was active in journalism-related organizations, and global affairs causes, and wrote two noted books—one about the Soviet Union, and one about the Iraq war and its aftermath, both recounting her own experiences, as well as providing detailed historical coverage of those places in that time.

Background and educationEdit

Anne Longworth Garrels was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on July 2, 1951, the daughter of Valerie (Smith) and John C. Garrels Jr.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /> She spent part of her childhood in London, where her father worked as an executive for Monsanto.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /> She was educated at St Catherine's School, Bramley.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com"/>

Garrels returned to the United States and enrolled at Middlebury College, but later transferred to Harvard University's Radcliffe College, where she studied Russian and graduated in 1972.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name=npr/><ref name="alumni_honored_2002_05_30_harvard_edu">"Alumnae to be honored by Radcliffe Association in June," May 30, 2002, Harvard Gazette, Harvard University, retrieved September 9, 2022</ref>

CareerEdit

Early careerEdit

In 1975, Garrels worked for the ABC television network in several positions for ten years, including as producerTemplate:Emdashone of the few women broadcast journalists at the time.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name=npr/><ref name="remembering_2022_09_08_npr_org">"Remembering longtime NPR foreign correspondent Anne Garrels who died at 71," September 8, 2022, Morning Edition, National Public Radio (NPR)</ref><ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org">"Anne Garrels" from "Board of Directors," at Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), retrieved September 9, 2022</ref>

She served ABC in the Soviet Union as Moscow bureau chief and correspondent until she was expelled in 1982. Able to speak Russian, and "in love" with the country, she was noted for more in-depth reporting from that country than most other U.S. journalists. She interviewed prominent Soviet dissidents Andrei Sakharov, Roy Medvedev, and Sergei Kovalyov. Her reporting exposed numerous hardships of Soviet citizens, displeasing the Soviet government, resulting in her 1982 expulsion. She did not return until 1988, just before the collapse of the Soviet Union.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr/><ref name="remembering_2022_09_08_npr_org" /><ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org" />

As ABC's Central American bureau chief from 1984 to 1985, she covered the wars in Nicaragua and El Salvador.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr/>

From 1985 to 1988, Garrels reported for NBC News as its correspondent at the U.S. State Department.<ref name=npr/><ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org" />

In mid-1988, Garrels hosted Science Journal, a 25-part weekly news series on science, medicine and technology, at WETA-TV, and aired by PBS. It was the first such television series of its kind, with panel discussions among experts and journalists.<ref name="wimbledon_1988_07_03_wash_post">Brennan, Patricia: "Wimbledon Tennis, 'Capitol Fourth,' 'Science Journal'," July 3, 1988, Washington Post, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref><ref name="all_star_1988_07_10_wash_post">Brennan, Patricia: "All-Star Baseball, News Specials, Summer Comedy," July 10, 1988, Washington Post, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref> However, Garrels' workload at National Public Radio (particularly as State Department correspondent), and a family illness, forced her to withdraw from the program that November.<ref name="tv_column_1988_11_17_wash_post">"The TV Column", Washington Post</ref>

NPR careerEdit

Garrels joined NPR in 1988 and reported on conflicts in Chechnya, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Israel, the West Bank, and Iraq.<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr1/> She also reported from China (and covered the Tiananmen Square Protests) and Saudi Arabia. She returned to Russia in 1988, as the Soviet Union began to collapse, and from 1993 until 1997 was NPR's Moscow bureau chief.<ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org" /><ref name="remembering_2022_09_08_npr_org" /><ref name="montgomery_fellows_2003_dartmouth_edu">"Anne Garrels, Journalist," from "Our Fellows," Fall 2003, The Montgomery Fellows Program, Dartmouth College, retrieved September 9, 2022</ref>

Garrels was the Edward R. Murrow Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations in 1996,<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=cjr>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was a member of the board of the Committee to Protect Journalists from 1999 until her death in 2022.<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr1/><ref name=cjr/> She also served on the board of Oxfam America.<ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org" />

Following the 9/11 attacks on the U.S., in September 2001, and during the subsequent U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, Garrels spent several months in northern Afghanistan with the Northern Alliance, and in or around Kabul, also traveling to Pakistan and Israel in early 2002.<ref name="alumni_honored_2002_05_30_harvard_edu" />

Shortly before the U.S. and its coalition invaded Iraq in 2003, Garrels traveled there. and was one of the sixteen Western journalists who remained in Baghdad, and reported live during the 2003 Iraq War<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name="alumni_honored_2002_05_30_harvard_edu" /><ref name=npr>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="isbn0-7425-3060-4">Template:Cite book</ref>—and for a while was the only American broadcast reporter still broadcasting from the middle of Baghdad.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name="anne_garrels_directors_cpj_org" /><ref name="back_in_usa_2003_04_23_wksu_org">"Anne Garrels, Back in the U.S.A.," April 23, 2003, National Public Radio on WKSU-FM, retrieved September 9, 2022</ref> Garrels survived the April 8, 2003, U.S. tank attack on the Palestine Hotel, where she and hundreds of other journalists were living.<ref name="foreign_media_suffer_2003_04_08_bbc">"Foreign media suffer Baghdad losses," April 8, 2003, BBC News, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref><ref name="naked_in_baghdad_excerpts_nieman_harvard_edu">"Reporting From Baghdad During the War: NPR correspondent Anne Garrels describes what she observed and thought while reporting from Iraq," book excerpts, Winter 2003, Nieman Reports, Harvard University, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref>

Following the April 8, 2003, U.S. bombing of the Al Jazeera office in Baghdad, which killed journalist Tareq Ayyoub ("Tariq/Tareq Ayoub"),<ref name="foreign_media_suffer_2003_04_08_bbc" /><ref name="scribes_killed_2003_04_09_hindustan_times">"3 scribes killed by US troops in Baghdad," April 9, 2003, Hindustan Times (citing Al Jazeera), retrieved September 11, 2022</ref> Garrels reportedly said that Ayyoub should have known better than to be in his office during the invasion—a comment that raised angry responses from some in the international journalism community, who accused her of "blaming the victim."<ref name="independent_media_in_war_2003_mediaed_org">Goodman, Amy: "Independent Media in a Time of War, featuring Amy Goodman: Transcript", 2003, Democracy Now!, as transcribed at Media Education Foundation, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref>

Shortly after her return from Iraq, she published Naked in Baghdad (2003, Farrar, Straus, and Giroux), a memoir of her time covering the events surrounding the invasion.<ref name=npr1/><ref name="book_documents">Garrels, Ann, interviewed by Wolf Blitzer: "News from CNN: Book Documents Wartime Baghdad...", transcript, September 10, 2004 CNN, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref><ref name="naked_in_baghdad_excerpts_nieman_harvard_edu" /> She subsequently returned to Iraq several times for NPR. She was an embedded reporter with the U.S. Marines during the November 2004 attack on Fallujah.<ref name=jn>Template:Cite news</ref> Garrels also covered the January 2005 Iraqi national elections for an interim government, as well as constitutional referendum and the December 2005 elections for the first full term Iraqi government. As sectarian violence swept much of central Iraq Garrels continued to report from Baghdad, Najaf<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and Basra.

In 2007 Garrels was criticized by FAIR for using confessions by prisoners who had been tortured, during a story about an Iraqi Shiite militia (broadcast on NPR's Morning Edition).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Garrels later defended her story on NPR's Letters program, saying: "Of course, I had doubts. But the details that were given seemed to me to gel with other things that I had heard from people who had not been tortured. But I was as uncomfortable as the listeners were with the conditions."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Garrels retired from NPR in 2010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Late careerEdit

Garrels continued her work with the Committee to Protect Journalists until the end of her life, serving on its board of directors.<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr1/><ref name=cjr/>

In 2016, she published her second book, Putin Country: A Journey into the Real Russia, with Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" />

Toward the end of her life, Garrels served as a judge for the Overseas Press Club Awards, including the Lowell Thomas Award which she judged in 2021.<ref name="opc_award_judges_2022_03_17_opcofamerica_org">"OPC Award Judges," March 17, 2022, Overseas Press Club of America, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref><ref name="people_2022_09_08_opcofamerica_org">"People Remembered,", in People Column, September 8, 2022, Overseas Press Club of America, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref>

After the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Garrels, then 70 years old and undergoing treatment for cancer, approached NPR about coming out of retirement to cover the conflict. While her offer was declined, she started a non-profit organization, Assist-Ukraine, to raise money to support Ukraine and victims of the war, particularly medical supplies,<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name="remembering_2022_09_08_npr_org" /><ref name="anne_garrels_assist_ukraine">"Anne Garrels," Assist-Ukraine, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref> reportedly raising US$1 million for the cause.<ref name="obit_nbcconnecticut">Voight, Heidi:"A Tribute to War Correspondent and Pioneering Journalist Anne Garrels," September 7, 2022, NBC Connecticut, retrieved September 8, 2022</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

In 1986, Garrels married J. Vinton Lawrence,<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name=npr/> one of two CIA paramilitary officers from the Special Activities Division stationed in Laos in the early 1960s, who worked with Hmong tribesmen and the CIA-owned airline Air America.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> They were married until Lawrence's death from leukemia in 2016.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" />

Garrels lived in Norfolk, Connecticut, where she died from lung cancer on September 7, 2022, aged 71.<ref name="fearless_2022_09_07_nytimes_com" /><ref name="obit_nbcconnecticut" />

Awards and recognitionEdit

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="honor_medal_2009_02_23_missouri_edu">"Anne Garrels, an NPR Senior Foreign Correspondent, to Accept Missouri Honor Medal and Host Master Class," February 23, 2009, Missouri School of Journalism, University of Missouri, retrieved September 8, 2022</ref> "enduring bombings, blackouts, thirst and intimidation to report from the besieged Iraqi capital of Baghdad."<ref name="past_winners_george_polk_awards">"George Polk Awards Past Winners", George Polk Awards, Long Island University, retrieved September 11, 2022</ref>

  • 2003 Courage in Journalism Award from the International Women's Media Foundation (IWMF).<ref name="anne_garrels_2017_09_lapressclub_org" /><ref name="anne_garrels_2003_iwmf_org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="honor_medal_2009_02_23_missouri_edu" />

Publications and programsEdit

BooksEdit

  • Naked in Baghdad: The Iraq War as Seen by NPR's Correspondent, 2002, Farrar, Straus and Giroux (account of her 5 years as a radio correspondent in Iraq) (Excerpts at: Neiman Reports, Harvard University<ref name="naked_in_baghdad_excerpts_nieman_harvard_edu" />)
  • Putin Country: A Journey into the Real Russia, 2016, Farrar, Straus and Giroux (study of Russian public, during the era of Vladimir Putin, particularly in Chelyabinsk, Russia)<ref name="real_russia_2016_02_26_publishers_weekly">Smith, Wendy: [ "Want to See the Real Russia? Skip Moscow,"]

February 26, 2016, Publishers Weekly, retrieved September 9, 2022</ref>

FilmsEdit

Television programsEdit

  • Science Journal, 25-part weekly news series on science, medicine and technology, 1988, WETA-TV / PBS<ref name="wimbledon_1988_07_03_wash_post" /><ref name="all_star_1988_07_10_wash_post" />

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

Template:Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame Template:IWMF awards Template:Authority control

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