Template:Short description Template:For Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox person Charles Lahr (27 July 1885 – 15 August 1971), born Carl Lahr, was a German-born Jewish<ref>https://libcom.org/article/lahr-charles-1885-1971#comment-625568</ref> anarchist, London bookseller and publisher.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref>
Lahr was born at Bad Nauheim in the Rhineland, the eldest of 15 children "of peasant stock".<ref name=":0" /> He left Germany in 1905 to avoid military service and went to London, England, where he lived until his death in 1971.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite book</ref>
In London he encountered the anarchist Guy Aldred (1886–1963) while working as a baker.<ref>Lahr, Charles, 1885-1971 | libcom.org</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was soon (1907) under police observation.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> He joined the Industrial Workers of the World in 1914; at that time he had a bookshop in Hammersmith.<ref name=":1" />
In 1915, he was interned for four years as an enemy alien in Alexandra Palace. Between 1920-22 he was briefly a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain, however, he was excluded from membership in October 1922 on the grounds of 'political unreliability'.<ref>The Communist (London), 28 October 1922, p. 8.</ref> His interest in politics led him to befriend many left-wing thinkers, several of whom went on to establish important left-wing groups in Great Britain. In 1921, he took over the Progressive Bookshop in Red Lion Street, Holborn. From there he would branch out into publishing, and establish many literary friendships (including H. E. Bates, Rhys Davies, T. F. Powys) and D. H. Lawrence. At one point, when Lahr was in financial difficulties, his writer friends gathered a collection of stories together and published these as Charles Wain (1933).
He was married in 1922 to Esther Argeband,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> (at that time Archer), whom he had met at the Charlotte Street Socialist Club. She was a Jewish factory worker from East London.<ref name=":1" /> They were close friends of William Roberts, the artist, and his wife, and William's portrait of Esther is in the Tate Gallery.
From 1925 to 1927 Lahr published The New Coterie literary and artistic magazine. In 1931, he founded a small press, the Blue Moon Press. Amongst the books published by Blue Moon was the first edition of a small book of poems by D. H. Lawrence called Pansies.
In subsequent misfortunes, Lahr was convicted in 1935 on a charge of receiving stolen books and was sentenced to 6 months in prison.<ref>AIM25: Senate House Library, University of London: Lahr, Charles</ref> He was interned again in the Second World War. Lahr believed the internment was based on his German background and anarchist beliefs.<ref name=":1" />
In a short story from Something Short and Sweet (published 1937), H. E. Bates describes the court case, with Lahr called "Oscar" in the story. The bookshop was bombed in 1941. He moved its premises several times in London.
He died at home in Muswell Hill, London on 15 August 1971.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> His funeral was attended by many representatives from left wing groups in the UK. His granddaughter is Professor Esther Leslie.
Lahr's papers are held by the University of London.
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