Template:Short description Template:Human-centric
Body fluids, bodily fluids, or biofluids, sometimes body liquids, are liquids within the body of an organism.<ref name=Tabers_BodyFluid>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In lean healthy adult men, the total body water is about 60% (60–67%) of the total body weight; it is usually slightly lower in women (52–55%).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="lote">Template:Cite book</ref> The exact percentage of fluid relative to body weight is inversely proportional to the percentage of body fat. A lean Template:Convert man, for example, has about 42 (42–47) liters of water in his body.
The total body of water is divided into fluid compartments,<ref name=Tabers_BodyFluid /> between the intracellular fluid compartment (also called space, or volume) and the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment (space, volume) in a two-to-one ratio: 28 (28–32) liters are inside cells and 14 (14–15) liters are outside cells.
The ECF compartment is divided into the interstitial fluid volume – the fluid outside both the cells and the blood vessels – and the intravascular volume (also called the vascular volume and blood plasma volume) – the fluid inside the blood vessels – in a three-to-one ratio: the interstitial fluid volume is about 12 liters; the vascular volume is about 4 liters.
The interstitial fluid compartment is divided into the lymphatic fluid compartment – about 2/3, or 8 (6–10) liters, and the transcellular fluid compartment (the remaining 1/3, or about 4 liters).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
The vascular volume is divided into the venous volume and the arterial volume; and the arterial volume has a conceptually useful but unmeasurable subcompartment called the effective arterial blood volume.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Compartments by locationEdit
- intracellular fluid (ICF), which consist of cytosol and fluids in the cell nucleus<ref name=Liachovitzky2015>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Extracellular fluid
- Intravascular fluid (blood plasma)
- Interstitial fluid
- Lymphatic fluid (sometimes included in interstitial fluid)
- Transcellular fluid
HealthEdit
Clinical samplesEdit
Clinical samples are generally defined as non-infectious human or animal materials including blood, saliva, excreta, body tissue and tissue fluids, and also FDA-approved pharmaceuticals that are blood products.<ref>Packaging Guidelines for Clinical Samples - Retrieved 7 August 2014.</ref> In medical contexts, it is a specimen taken for diagnostic examination or evaluation, and for identification of disease or condition.<ref>specimen - The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 7 August 2014</ref>
See alsoEdit
- Basic reproduction number
- Blood-borne diseases
- Clinical pathology
- Humorism
- Hygiene
- Ritual cleanliness
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
- Paul Spinrad. (1999) The RE/Search Guide to Bodily Fluids. Juno Books. Template:ISBN
- John Bourke. (1891) Template:Sic Rites of All Nations. Washington, D.C.: W.H. Lowdermilk.