Bun'ei

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Template:Nihongo was a Template:Nihongo after Kōchō and before Kenji. This period spanned the years from February 1264 to April 1275.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Bun'ei" in Template:Google books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File.</ref> The reigning emperor was Template:Nihongo.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Template:Google books; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 232-233.</ref>

Change of era

• 1264 Template:Nihongo; 1264: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kōchō 4. The era name comes from the Book of Later Han and combines the characters Template:Linktext ("writing") and Template:Linktext ("perpetual").

Events of the Bun'ei era

• March 6, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 26th day of the 1st month): In the 15th year of Kameyama-tennōTemplate:'s reign (亀山天皇15年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by his cousin.<ref>Titsingh, Template:Google books; Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.</ref>
• May 4, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 26th day of the 3rd month): Emperor Go-Uda is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui).<ref>Titsingh, Template:Google books; Varley, p. 44.</ref> The retired Emperor Kameyama continued to exercise power as cloistered emperor.

File:Mooko-HakataWall.jpg

Japanese samurai defending the stone barrier -- from the narrative picture scroll Mōko Shūrai Ekotoba, which was painted between 1275 and 1293.

• November 19, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month): Battle of Bun'ei -- Kublai Khan's Mongol forces land at Hakata Bay near Fukuoka in Kyūshū. After landing and some armed skirmishes, the invaders withdraw to spend the night on shipboard. That night, a storm sinks several ships, and the fleet retreats to Korea rather than pressing their initial advantage.<ref>Davis, Paul K. (2001). 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present, p. 147.</ref> In the course of the day's fighting, the Hakozaki Shrine was burned to the ground.<ref>Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests 1190–1400, p. 66.Template:Dead link</ref> Nihon Ōdai Ichiran explains that the invaders were defeated because they lacked arrows.<ref>Titsingh, Template:Google books.</ref>

See also

• Mongol invasions of Japan
• Battle of Kōan - the second invasion attempt by Kublai Khan, in 1281.

References

• Davis, Paul K. (1999). 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:OCLC
• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Template:ISBN; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Template:OCLC
• Turnbull, Stephen R. (2003). Genghis Khan & the Mongol Conquests, 1190-1400. London: Routledge. Template:ISBN; Template:ISBN; Template:OCLC
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:OCLC

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection