Incubator escapee wiki

Instructions per second

Article Discussion
(Redirected from CPU speed)

Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates

File:Computing efficiency, OWID.svg
Computer processing efficiency, measured as the power needed per million instructions per second (watts per MIPS)

Instructions per second (IPS) is a measure of a computer's processor speed. For complex instruction set computers (CISCs), different instructions take different amounts of time, so the value measured depends on the instruction mix; even for comparing processors in the same family the IPS measurement can be problematic. Many reported IPS values have represented "peak" execution rates on artificial instruction sequences with few branches and no cache contention, whereas realistic workloads typically lead to significantly lower IPS values. Memory hierarchy also greatly affects processor performance, an issue barely considered in IPS calculations. Because of these problems, synthetic benchmarks such as Dhrystone are now generally used to estimate computer performance in commonly used applications, and raw IPS has fallen into disuse.

The term is commonly used in association with a metric prefix (k, M, G, T, P, or E) to form kilo instructions per second (kIPS), mega instructions per second (MIPS), giga instructions per second (GIPS) and so on. Formerly TIPS was used occasionally for "thousand IPS".

ComputingEdit

IPS can be calculated using this equation:<ref name="en.community.dell.com">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

<math>\text{IPS} = \text{sockets} \times \frac{\text{cores}}{\text{socket}} \times \text{clock} \times \frac{\text{Is}}{\text{cycle}}</math>

However, the instructions/cycle measurement depends on the instruction sequence, the data and external factors.

Thousand instructions per second (TIPS/kIPS)Edit

Before standard benchmarks were available, average speed rating of computers was based on calculations for a mix of instructions with the results given in kilo instructions per second (kIPS). The most famous was the Gibson Mix,<ref>Template:Cite tech report</ref> produced by Jack Clark Gibson of IBM for scientific applications in 1959. Other ratings, such as the ADP mix which does not include floating point operations, were produced for commercial applications. The thousand instructions per second (kIPS) unit is rarely used today, as most current microprocessors can execute at least a million instructions per second.

The Gibson MixEdit

Gibson divided computer instructions into 12 classes, based on the IBM 704 architecture, adding a 13th class to account for indexing time. Weights were primarily based on analysis of seven scientific programs run on the 704, with a small contribution from some IBM 650 programs. The overall score was then the weighted sum of the average execution speed for instructions in each class.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Template:Anchor Millions of instructions per second (MIPS)Edit

Template:Distinguish The speed of a given CPU depends on many factors, such as the type of instructions being executed, the execution order and the presence of branch instructions (problematic in CPU pipelines). CPU instruction rates are different from clock frequencies, usually reported in Hz, as each instruction may require several clock cycles to complete or the processor may be capable of executing multiple independent instructions simultaneously. MIPS can be useful when comparing performance between processors made with similar architecture (e.g. Microchip branded microcontrollers), but they are difficult to compare between differing CPU architectures.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This led to the term "Meaningless Indicator of Processor Speed,"<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> or less commonly, "Meaningless Indices of Performance," <ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref> being popular amongst technical people by the mid-1980s.

For this reason, MIPS has become not a measure of instruction execution speed, but task performance speed compared to a reference. In the late 1970s, minicomputer performance was compared using VAX MIPS, where computers were measured on a task and their performance rated against the VAX-11/780 that was marketed as a 1 MIPS machine. (The measure was also known as the VAX Unit of Performance or VUP.) This was chosen because the 11/780 was roughly equivalent in performance to an IBM System/370 model 158–3, which was commonly accepted in the computing industry as running at 1 MIPS.

Many minicomputer performance claims were based on the Fortran version of the Whetstone benchmark, giving Millions of Whetstone Instructions Per Second (MWIPS). The VAX 11/780 with FPA (1977) runs at 1.02 MWIPS.

Effective MIPS speeds are highly dependent on the programming language used. The Whetstone Report has a table showing MWIPS speeds of PCs via early interpreters and compilers up to modern languages. The first PC compiler was for BASIC (1982) when a 4.8 MHz 8088/87 CPU obtained 0.01 MWIPS. Results on a 2.4 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo (1 CPU 2007) vary from 9.7 MWIPS using BASIC Interpreter, 59 MWIPS via BASIC Compiler, 347 MWIPS using 1987 Fortran, 1,534 MWIPS through HTML/Java to 2,403 MWIPS using a modern C/C++ compiler.

For the most early 8-bit and 16-bit microprocessors, performance was measured in thousand instructions per second (1000 kIPS = 1 MIPS).

zMIPS refers to the MIPS measure used internally by IBM to rate its mainframe servers (zSeries, IBM System z9, and IBM System z10).

Weighted million operations per second (WMOPS) is a similar measurement, used for audio codecs.

Timeline of instructions per secondEdit

CPU resultsEdit

Processor / System Dhrystone MIPS or MIPS, and frequency D instructions per clock cycle D instructions per clock cycle per core Year Source
UNIVAC I 0.002 MIPS at 2.25 MHz 0.0008 0.0008 1951

<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

IBM 7030 ("Stretch") 1.200 MIPS at 3.30 MHz 0.364 0.364 1961 <ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

CDC 6600 10.00 MIPS at 10.00 MHz 1 1 1965 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Intel 4004 0.092 MIPS at 0.740 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 0.124 0.124 1971 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

IBM System/370 Model 158 0.640 MIPS at 8.696 MHz 0.0736 0.0736 1972 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel 8080 0.290 MIPS at 2.000 MHz
(Not Dhrystone) 		0.145 0.145 1974 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Cray 1 160.0 MIPS at 80.00 MHz 2 2 1975 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

MOS Technology 6502 0.430 MIPS at 1.000 MHz 0.43 0.43 1975 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel 8085 0.435 MIPS at 3.000 MHz
(Not Dhrystone) 		0.145 0.145 1976 <ref name=intel/>
Zilog Z80 0.580 MIPS at 4.000 MHz
(Not Dhrystone) 		0.145 0.145 1976 <ref name=retro/>
Signetics 8X300 4.000 MIPS at 8.000 MHz 0.5 0.5 1976 <ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Motorola 6802 0.500 MIPS at 1.000 MHz 0.5 0.5 1977 <ref name="m6802">2 cycles per instruction [1] Template:Webarchive</ref>
IBM System/370 Model 158-3 0.730 MIPS at 8.696 MHz 0.0839 0.0839 1977 <ref name=jcmit/>
VAX-11/780 1.000 MIPS at 5.000 MHz 0.2 0.2 1977 <ref name=jcmit/>
Motorola 6809 0.420 MIPS at 1.000 MHz 0.42 0.42 1978 <ref name=retro/>
Intel 8086 0.330 MIPS at 5.000 MHz 0.066 0.066 1978 <ref name=intel/>
Fujitsu MB8843 2.000 MIPS at 2.000 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 1 1 1978 <ref name="mb884x">1 instruction per cycle [2]</ref>
Intel 8088 0.750 MIPS at 10.00 MHz 0.075 0.075 1979 <ref name=intel/> Template:Verification failed
Motorola 68000 1.400 MIPS at 8.000 MHz 0.175 0.175 1979 <ref name=retro/>
Zilog Z8001/Z8002 1.5 MIPS at 6 MHz 0.25 0.25 1979 <ref name="z8000">4 cycles per instruction [3] Template:Webarchive = 0.25 instructions per cycle</ref>
Intel 8035/8039/8048 0.400 MIPS at 6 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 .066 .066 1980 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Fujitsu MB8843/MB8844 6 MIPS at 6 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 1 1 1980 <ref name=mb884x/>
Zilog Z80/Z80H 1.16 MIPS at 8 MHz
(Not Dhrystone) 		0.145 0.145 1981 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Motorola 6802 1.79 MIPS at 3.58 MHz 0.5 0.5 1981 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Zilog Z8001/Z8002B 2.5 MIPS at 10 MHz 0.25 0.25 1981 <ref name=z8000/>
MOS Technology 6502 2.522 MIPS at 5.865 MHz 0.43 0.43 1981 <ref name=retro/><ref name=m27/>
Intel 80286 1.28 MIPS at 12 MHz 0.107 0.107 1982 <ref name=jcmit/>
Motorola 68010 2.407 MIPS at 12.5 MHz 0.193 0.193 1982 <ref name="m68010">10% faster [4] Template:Webarchive than 68000 (0.175 MIPS per MHz [5] Template:Webarchive)</ref>
NEC V20 4 MIPS at 8 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 0.5 0.5 1982 <ref name=v20>NEC V20/V30 Template:Webarchive: "250 nanoseconds per instruction @ 8 MHz" means some fastest 2-clock register-register instructions only</ref>
Texas Instruments TMS32010 5 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.25 0.25 1983 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

NEC V30 5 MIPS at 10 MHz
(Not Dhrystone)		 0.5 0.5 1983 <ref name=v20/>
Motorola 68020 4.848 MIPS at 16 MHz 0.303 0.303 1984 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Hitachi HD63705 2 MIPS at 2 MHz 1 1 1985 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel i386DX 2.15 MIPS at 16 MHz 0.134 0.134 1985 <ref name=jcmit/>
Hitachi-Motorola 68HC000 3.5 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.175 0.175 1985 <ref name=retro/>
Intel 8751 1 MIPS at 12 MHz 0.083 0.083 1985 <ref>1 instruction per cycle [6] Template:Webarchive</ref>
WDC 65C816 / Ricoh 5A22 0.22 MIPS at 2.8 MHz 0.08 0.08 1985
ARM2 4 MIPS at 8 MHz 0.5 0.5 1986 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Stanford MIPS R2000 / R2000A 8 / 9.8 MIPS at 12.5 MHz 0.64 - 0.78 0.64 - 0.78 1986 / 1988 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Sun SPARC / Fujitsu MB86900 10 MIPS at 16.6 MHz 0.6 0.6 1986 <ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Texas Instruments TMS34010 6 MIPS at 50 MHz 0.12 0.12 1986 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

NEC V70 6.6 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.33 0.33 1987 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Motorola 68030 9 MIPS at 25 MHz 0.36 0.36 1987 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref name=mc68030>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Gmicro/200 10 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.5 0.5 1987 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Texas Instruments TMS320C20 12.5 MIPS at 25 MHz 0.5 0.5 1987 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Analog Devices ADSP-2100 12.5 MIPS at 12.5 MHz 1 1 1987 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Texas Instruments TMS320C25 25 MIPS at 50 MHz 0.5 0.5 1987 <ref name=racing/>
Intel i486DX 8.7 MIPS at 25 MHz 0.348 0.348 1989 <ref name=jcmit/>
NEC V80 16.5 MIPS at 33 MHz 0.5 0.5 1989 <ref name=ipsj/>
Intel i860 25 MIPS at 25 MHz 1 1 1989 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM3 12 MIPS at 25 MHz 0.5 0.5 1989 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Motorola 68040 44 MIPS at 40 MHz 1.1 1.1 1990 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Am386 9 MIPS at 40 MHz 0.225 0.225 1991 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel i486DX 11.1 MIPS at 33 MHz 0.336 0.336 1991 <ref name=jcmit/>
Intel i860 50 MIPS at 50 MHz 1 1 1991 <ref name=i860/>
Intel i486DX2 25.6 MIPS at 66 MHz 0.388 0.388 1992 <ref name=jcmit/>
Alpha 21064 (EV4) 86 MIPS at 150 MHz 0.573 0.573 1992 <ref name=jcmit/>
Alpha 21064 (EV4S/EV45) 135 MIPS at 200 MHz 0.675 0.675 1993 <ref name=jcmit/><ref>Digital's 21064 Microprocessor, Digital Equipment CorporationTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore (c1992) accessdate=2009-08-29</ref>
MIPS R4400 85 MIPS at 150 MHz 0.567 0.567 1993 <ref name=magic/>
Gmicro/500 132 MIPS at 66 MHz 2 2 1993 <ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
IBM-Motorola PowerPC 601 157.7 MIPS at 80 MHz 1.971 1.971 1993 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM7 40 MIPS at 45 MHz 0.889 0.889 1994 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel DX4 70 MIPS at 100 MHz 0.7 0.7 1994 <ref name=intel/>
Motorola 68060 110 MIPS at 75 MHz 1.33 1.33 1994
Intel Pentium 188 MIPS at 100 MHz 1.88 1.88 1994 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Microchip PIC16F 5 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.25 0.25 1995 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

IBM-Motorola PowerPC 603e 188 MIPS at 133 MHz 1.414 1.414 1995 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM 7500FE 35.9 MIPS at 40 MHz 0.9 0.9 1996
IBM-Motorola PowerPC 603ev 423 MIPS at 300 MHz 1.41 1.41 1996 <ref name=603e/>
Intel Pentium Pro 541 MIPS at 200 MHz 2.7 2.7 1996 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Hitachi SH-4 360 MIPS at 200 MHz 1.8 1.8 1997 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

IBM-Motorola PowerPC 750 525 MIPS at 233 MHz 2.3 2.3 1997
Zilog eZ80 6.6 MIPS at 20 MHz 0.33 0.33 1999 <ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Intel Pentium III 2,054 MIPS at 600 MHz 3.4 3.4 1999 <ref name="autogenerated0" />
Freescale MPC8272 760 MIPS at 400 MHz 1.9 1.9 2000 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Athlon 3,561 MIPS at 1.2 GHz 3.0 3.0 2000
Silicon Recognition ZISC 78 8,600 MIPS at 33 MHz 260.6 260.6 2000 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM11 515 MIPS at 412 MHz 1.25 1.25 2002 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Athlon XP 2500+ 7,527 MIPS at 1.83 GHz 4.1 4.1 2003 <ref name="autogenerated0" />
Pentium 4 Extreme Edition 9,726 MIPS at 3.2 GHz 3.0 3.0 2003
Microchip PIC10F 1 MIPS at 4 MHz 0.25 0.25 2004 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex-M3 125 MIPS at 100 MHz 1.25 1.25 2004 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Nios II 190 MIPS at 165 MHz 1.13 1.13 2004 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

MIPS32 4KEc 356 MIPS at 233 MHz 1.5 1.5 2004 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

VIA C7 1,799 MIPS at 1.3 GHz 1.4 1.4 2005 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex-A8 2,000 MIPS at 1.0 GHz 2.0 2.0 2005 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Athlon FX-57 12,000 MIPS at 2.8 GHz 4.3 4.3 2005
AMD Athlon 64 3800+ X2 (2-core) 14,564 MIPS at 2.0 GHz 7.3 3.6 2005 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

PowerPC G4 MPC7448 3,910 MIPS at 1.7 GHz 2.3 2.3 2005 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex-R4 450 MIPS at 270 MHz 1.66 1.66 2006 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

MIPS32 24K 604 MIPS at 400 MHz 1.51 1.51 2006 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

PS3 Cell BE (PPE only) 10,240 MIPS at 3.2 GHz 3.2 3.2 2006
IBM Xenon CPU (3-core) 19,200 MIPS at 3.2 GHz 6.0 2.0 2005
AMD Athlon FX-60 (2-core) 18,938 MIPS at 2.6 GHz 7.3 3.6 2006 <ref name="autogenerated1" />
Intel Core 2 Extreme X6800 (2-core) 27,079 MIPS at 2.93 GHz 9.2 4.6 2006 <ref name="autogenerated1" />
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6700 (4-core) 49,161 MIPS at 2.66 GHz 18.4 4.6 2006 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

MIPS64 20Kc 1,370 MIPS at 600 MHz 2.3 2.3 2007 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

P.A. Semi PA6T-1682M 8,800 MIPS at 1.8 GHz 4.4 4.4 2007 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Qualcomm Scorpion (Cortex A8-like) 2,100 MIPS at 1 GHz 2.1 2.1 2008 <ref name="anandtech.com" />
Intel Atom N270 3,846 MIPS at 1.6 GHz 2.4 2.4 2008 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770 (4-core) 59,455 MIPS at 3.2 GHz 18.6 4.6 2008 <ref name="tomshardware.com"/>
Intel Core i7 920 (4-core) 82,300 MIPS at 2.93 GHz 28.089 7.022 2008 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex-M0 45 MIPS at 50 MHz 0.9 0.9 2009 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex-A9 (2-core) 7,500 MIPS at 1.5 GHz 5.0 2.5 2009 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Phenom II X4 940 Black Edition 42,820 MIPS at 3.0 GHz 14.3 3.5 2009 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Phenom II X6 1100T 78,440 MIPS at 3.3 GHz 23.7 3.9 2010 <ref name="autogenerated2" />
Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition 980X (6-core) 147,600 MIPS at 3.33 GHz 44.7 7.46 2010 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex A5 1,256 MIPS at 800 MHz 1.57 1.57 2011 <ref name="ARM_Cortex-A_Comparison" />
ARM Cortex A7 2,850 MIPS at 1.5 GHz 1.9 1.9 2011 <ref name="anandtech.com" />
Qualcomm Krait (Cortex A15-like, 2-core) 9,900 MIPS at 1.5 GHz 6.6 3.3 2011 <ref name="anandtech.com" />
AMD E-350 (2-core) 10,000 MIPS at 1.6 GHz 6.25 3.125 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Nvidia Tegra 3 (Quad core Cortex-A9) 13,800 MIPS at 1.5 GHz 9.2 2.5 2011
Samsung Exynos 5250 (Cortex-A15-like 2-core) 14,000 MIPS at 2.0 GHz 7.0 3.5 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i5-2500K (4-core) 83,000 MIPS at 3.3 GHz 25.152 6.288 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7 875K 92,100 MIPS at 2.93 GHz 31.4 7.85 2011 <ref name="autogenerated2"/>
AMD FX-8150 (8-core) 90,749 MIPS at 3.6 GHz 25.2 3.15 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7 2600K (4-core) 117,160 MIPS at 3.4 GHz 34.45 8.61 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7-3960X (6-core) 176,170 MIPS at 3.3 GHz 53.38 8.89 2011 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD FX-8350 (8-core) 97,125 MIPS at 4.2 GHz 23.1 2.9 2012 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD FX-9590 (8-core) 115,625 MIPS at 5.0 GHz 23.1 2.9 2012 <ref name="autogenerated2" />
Intel Core i7 3770K (4-core) 106,924 MIPS at 3.9 GHz 27.4 6.9 2012 <ref name="cpu-world.com"/>
Intel Core i7 4770K (4-core) 133,740 MIPS at 3.9 GHz 34.29 8.57 2013 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7 5960X (8-core) 298,190 MIPS at 3.5 GHz 85.2 10.65 2014 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7 6950X (10-core) 320,440 MIPS at 3.5 GHz 91.55 9.16 2016 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex A73 (4-core) 71,120 MIPS at 2.8 GHz 25.4 6.35 2016
ARM Cortex A75 Template:Dunno Template:Dunno 8.2-9.5 2017 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex A76 Template:Dunno Template:Dunno 10.7-12.4 2018 <ref name=":0" />
ARM Cortex A53 2,300 MIPS at 1 GHz 2.3 2.3 2012 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

ARM Cortex A35 2,100 MIPS at 1 GHz 2.1 2.1 2015 <ref name="elearning.unicampania.it"/>
ARM Cortex A72 15,750 to 18,375 at 2.5 GHz 6.3 to 7.35 6.3 to 7.35 2015 <ref name="elearning.unicampania.it"/>
ARM Cortex A57 10,250 to 11,750 at 2.5 GHz 4.1 to 4.7 4.1 to 4.7 2012 <ref name="elearning.unicampania.it"/>
Sitara AM64x ARM Cortex A53 (2-core) 5,992 MIPS at 1 GHz 6 3 2021 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Ryzen 7 1800X (8-core) 304,510 MIPS at 3.7 GHz 82.3 10.29 2017 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i7-8086K (6-core) 221,720 MIPS at 5.0 GHz 44.34 7.39 2018 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i9-9900K (8-core) 412,090 MIPS at 4.7 GHz 87.68 10.96 2018 <ref name="HotHardware_Ryzen3950X" />
AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (16-core) 749,070 MIPS at 4.6 GHz 162.84 10.18 2019 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

AMD Ryzen Threadripper 3990X (64 core) 2,356,230 MIPS at 4.35 GHz 541.66 8.46 2020 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Intel Core i5-11600K (6-core) 346,350 MIPS at 4.92 GHz 57.72 11.73 2021 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Processor / System Dhrystone MIPS / MIPS D instructions per clock cycle D instructions per clock cycle per core Year Source

Multi-CPU cluster resultsEdit

Processor / System Dhrystone MIPS or MIPS, and frequency D instructions per clock cycle D instructions per clock cycle per core Year Source
LINKS-1 Computer Graphics System (257-processor) 642.5 MIPS at 10 MHz 2.5 0.25 1982 <ref>LINKS-1 Computer Graphics System: 257× Zilog Z8001 [7] Template:Webarchive at 10 MHz [8] Template:Webarchive (2.5 MIPS [9] Template:Webarchive) each</ref>
Sega System 16 (4-processor) 16.33 MIPS at 10 MHz 4.083 1.020 1985 <ref>Sega System 16: Hitachi-Motorola 68000 @ 10 MHz (1.75 MIPS), NEC-Zilog Z80 @ 4 MHz (0.58 MIPS) [10] Template:Webarchive [11] Template:Webarchive, Intel 8751 @ 8 MHz [12] (8 MIPS [13] Template:Webarchive), Intel 8048 @ 6 MHz {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}} (6 MIPS [14])</ref>

Namco System 21 (10-processor) 73.927 MIPS at 25 MHz 2.957 0.296 1988 <ref>Namco System 21 hardware: 5× Texas Instruments TMS320C20 @ 25 MHz (62.5 MIPS [15] Template:Webarchive), 2× Motorola 68000 @ 12.288 MHz [16] Template:Webarchive (4.301 MIPS [17] Template:Webarchive), Motorola 68020 [18] @ 12.5 MHz (3.788 MIPS [19] Template:Webarchive), Hitachi HD63705 @ 2.048 MHz [20] (2.048 MIPS [21]), Motorola 6809 @ 3.072 MHz [22] (1.29 MIPS [23] )</ref>
Atari Hard Drivin' (7-processor) 33.573 MIPS at 50 MHz 0.671 0.0959 1989 <ref>Atari Hard Drivin' hardware: [24] Template:Webarchive Motorola 68000 @ 7 MHz (1.225 MIPS [25] Template:Webarchive), Motorola 68010 @ 7 MHz (1.348 MIPS [26] Template:Webarchive), 3× Texas Instruments TMS34010 @ 50 MHz (18 MIPS [27]), Analog Devices ADSP-2100 @ 8 MHz (8 MIPS [28]), Texas Instruments TMS32010 @ 20 MHz (5 MIPS {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}})</ref>

NEC SX-3 (4-processor) 680 MIPS at 400 MHz 1.7 0.425 1989 <ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
Namco System 21 (Galaxian³) (96-processor) 1,660.386 MIPS at 40 MHz 41.51 0.432 1990 <ref>Namco System 21 (Galaxian³) hardware: [29] 80× Texas Instruments TMS320C25 @ 40 MHz (1600 MIPS [30] Template:Webarchive), 5× Motorola 68020 @ 24.576 MHz (37.236 MIPS [31] Template:Webarchive) Motorola 68000 @ 12.288 MHz (2.15 MIPS [32] Template:Webarchive), 10× Motorola 68000 @ 12 MHz (21 MIPS [33] )</ref>
SGI Onyx RealityEngine2 (36-processor) 2,640 MIPS at 150 MHz 17.6 0.489 1993 <ref>24× MIPS R4400 (2040 MIPS), [34] Template:Webarchive 12× Intel i860 (600 MIPS) {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Namco Magic Edge Hornet Simulator (36-processor) 2,880 MIPS at 150 MHz 19.2 0.533 1993 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Sega Naomi Multiboard (32-processor) 6,400 MIPS at 200 MHz 32 1 1999 <ref>Sega Naomi Multiboard hardware: [35] Template:Webarchive [36] Template:Webarchive 16× Hitachi SH-4 at 200 MHz (5760 MIPS [37] Template:Webarchive), 16× ARM7 at 45 MHz (640 MIPS [38])</ref>
Raspberry Pi 2 (quad-core ARM Cortex A7) 4,744 MIPS at 1.0 GHz 4.744 1.186 2014 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Processor / System Dhrystone MIPS / MIPS D instructions per clock cycle D instructions per clock cycle per core Year Source

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

Template:CPU technologies

Retrieved from "https://zalansite.site/mediawiki/index.php?title=Instructions_per_second&oldid=13403"