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|

}}Template:Main other

Caledon (Template:IPAc-en; 2021 population 76,581) is a town in the Regional Municipality of Peel in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. The name comes from a shortened form of Caledonia, the Roman name for what is now Scotland.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Caledon is primarily rural with a number of hamlets and small villages, but also contains the larger community of Bolton (population 26,795) in its southeastern quadrant, adjacent to York Region.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Some spillover urbanization also occurs in the south bordering the City of Brampton.

Caledon is the northernmost of three municipalities of Peel Region. The town is northwest of Brampton. According to Statistics Canada the land area is Template:Cvt<ref name=2021census/> and, according to the city the area is Template:Cvt,<ref name="Caledon Boundary">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which makes Caledon the largest municipality by area in the Greater Toronto Area.

HistoryEdit

By 1869, Belfountain was a village with a population of 100 in the Township of Caledon, County Peel. It was established on the Credit River. There were stagecoaches to Erin and Georgetown. The average price of land was $20.<ref>The province of Ontario gazetteer and directory. H. McEvoy Editor and Compiler, Toronto: Robertson & Cook, Publishers, 1869, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044081323123&view=1up&seq=58&q1=caledon%20$20, accessed 23 October 2020</ref>Template:Specify

In 1973, Caledon acquired more territory when Chinguacousy dissolved, with most sections north of Mayfield Road (excluding Snelgrove) transferred to the township.

Caledon inherited the name from Caledon Township of Peel County, Ontario, in 1974, which was likely named by settlers like Edward Ellis, who came from the area around Caledon, County Tyrone, now in Northern Ireland, or by public voting.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1974, Peel County's 10 municipalities became the Region of Peel's 3 municipalities. The Town of Caledon was created from the villages of Bolton and Caledon East, the townships of Albion and Caledon, and the north half of Chinguacousy.

CommunitiesEdit

File:Caledon new housing aerial view in 2022.jpg
New housing development in the south of the town bordering Brampton

The primary administrative and commercial centre of Caledon is the community of Bolton, which the federal government estimated as having a population of 26,795 in 2021. <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Aside from Bolton, other smaller communities in Caledon include the following:

  • Rural service centres (i.e., larger hamlets, villages, or new residential developments): Caledon East, Mayfield West
  • Villages: Alton, Belfountain, Caledon Village, Cheltenham, Inglewood, Mono Mills, Palgrave
  • Hamlets: Albion, Alloa, Brimstone (Brimstone Point), Campbell's Cross, Cataract, Claude, Melville, Mono Road, Terra Cotta, Wildfield
  • Industrial/commercial centres: Sandhill, Tullamore, Victoria
  • Other localities: Boston Mills, Castlederg, Cedar Meadows, Cedar Mills, Coulterville, Coventry, Ferndale, Forks of the Credit, The Grange, Humber, Humber Grove, Kilmanagh, Lockton, Macville, McLeodville, Glasgow, Palgrave Estates, Rockside, Rosehill, Silver Creek, Sleswick, Sligo, Star, Stonehart, Taylorwoods, Tormore, Valleywood

The municipality is otherwise sparsely populated, mostly with farms.

Former localitiesEdit

Former hamlets (ghost towns) include:

  • Kennedy's Corners (Old School and Airport Roads)
  • Fox's Corners (Willoughby Road and Charleston Side Road)
  • Greenlaw (The Grange Sideroad and Winston Churchill Boulevard)
  • Caldwell (The Grange Sideroad and Kennedy Road)
  • Caldwell Junction (Olde Base Line and Mountainview Roads)
  • “Old” Glasgow (Edelweiss Park/Humber Valley Heritage Trail)
  • Glencoe's Corners (Olde Base Line and Creditview Roads)
  • Mayfield (Mayfield and Dixie Roads). Area at Brampton boundary now undergoing urbanization.
  • McBride's Corners (Olde Base Line Road and Highway 10)
  • Ballycroy (Ballycroy Road and Highway 50)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DemographicsEdit

Template:Historical populations In the 2021 Canadian census, conducted by Statistics Canada, Caledon had a population of Template:Val living in Template:Val of its Template:Val total private dwellings, a change of Template:Percentage from its 2016 population of Template:Val. With a land area of Template:Convert, it had a population density of Template:Pop density in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 2021, the median age was 40.8 years old, slightly lower than the provincial median of 41.6 years old.<ref name=pop>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Caledon's population is made of 49.8% women and 50.2% men.<ref name=pop-by-gender>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> There were 24,795 private dwellings. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, the median value of a dwelling in Caledon is $474,087, significantly higher than the national average of $280,552. The median household income (after-taxes) in Caledon is $83,454, much higher than the national average of $54,089. The average individual's income was $53,870.<ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

EthnicityEdit

According to the 2021 Census, the largest five ethnic origins of the residents of Caledon are Italian (17,630; 23.2%), English (10,320; 13.6%), Indian (9,120; 12.0%), Scottish (8,270; 10.9%), and Canadian (8,095; 10.6%).<ref name="pop"/>

66.3% of Caledon residents were white/European, 32.8% were visible minorities, and 0.8% were Indigenous. The largest visible minority groups were South Asian (21.4%), Black (3.6%), Latin American (1.7%), Chinese (1.0%) and Filipino (1.0%)

Panethnic groups in the Town of Caledon (2001−2021)
Panethnic group 2021<ref name="2021censusB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2016<ref name="2016censusB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2011<ref name="2011censusB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2006<ref name="2006censusB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2001<ref name="2001censusB">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

[[Population|Template:Abbr]] Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr
EuropeanTemplate:Efn 50,450 Template:Percentage 53,195 Template:Percentage 52,820 Template:Percentage 52,385 Template:Percentage 47,710 Template:Percentage
South Asian 16,310 Template:Percentage 6,635 Template:Percentage 1,995 Template:Percentage 1,265 Template:Percentage 700 Template:Percentage
African 2,770 Template:Percentage 1,880 Template:Percentage 1,205 Template:Percentage 860 Template:Percentage 770 Template:Percentage
Latin American 1,310 Template:Percentage 905 Template:Percentage 600 Template:Percentage 480 Template:Percentage 175 Template:Percentage
Southeast AsianTemplate:Efn 1,105 Template:Percentage 730 Template:Percentage 495 Template:Percentage 395 Template:Percentage 80 Template:Percentage
Middle EasternTemplate:Efn 1,060 Template:Percentage 495 Template:Percentage 300 Template:Percentage 175 Template:Percentage 255 Template:Percentage
East AsianTemplate:Efn 975 Template:Percentage 900 Template:Percentage 620 Template:Percentage 525 Template:Percentage 365 Template:Percentage
Indigenous 620 Template:Percentage 615 Template:Percentage 450 Template:Percentage 360 Template:Percentage 145 Template:Percentage
Other/multiracialTemplate:Efn 1,490 Template:Percentage 855 Template:Percentage 495 Template:Percentage 390 Template:Percentage 175 Template:Percentage
Total responses 76,085 Template:Percentage 66,215 Template:Percentage 58,975 Template:Percentage 56,840 Template:Percentage 50,360 Template:Percentage
Total population 76,581 Template:Percentage 66,502 Template:Percentage 59,460 Template:Percentage 57,050 Template:Percentage 50,605 Template:Percentage
Template:Small

LanguageEdit

English is the mother tongue of 65.4% of the residents of Caledon. Native speakers of Punjabi make up 11.1% of the town's population, Italian 5.4%, Portuguese 1.4%, Spanish 1.3%, and Polish 1.0%.<ref name=pop/>

ReligionEdit

As of 2021,<ref name="pop" /> 58.5% of Caledon's population was Christian, down from 77.5% in 2011.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 38.2% of residents were Catholic, 10.5% were Protestant, 6.0% were Christian without precision, 1.8% were Christian Orthodox, and 2.0% belonged to other Christian denominations or Christian-related traditions; 19.3% of the population was non-religious or secular, up from 18.6% in 2011. All other religions and spiritual traditions accounted for 22.2% of the population, up from 3.9% in 2011. They included Sikhism (14.3%), Hinduism (4.7%), Islam (2.1%), Buddhism (0.5%), and Judaism (0.4%).

Religious groups in the Town of Caledon (1991−2021)
Religious
group
2021<ref name="2021censusB"/> 2011<ref name="2011censusB"/> 2001<ref name="2001censusB"/> 1991<ref name="1991census">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

[[Population|Template:Abbr]] Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr Template:Abbr
File:Gold Christian Cross no Red.svg Christian 44,495 Template:Percentage 45,685 Template:Percentage 41,720 Template:Percentage 29,440 Template:Percentage
File:Khanda.svg Sikh 10,865 Template:Percentage 1,175 Template:Percentage 375 Template:Percentage 105 Template:Percentage
File:Om.svg Hindu 3,545 Template:Percentage 495 Template:Percentage 165 Template:Percentage 65 Template:Percentage
File:Star and Crescent.svg Muslim 1,580 Template:Percentage 215 Template:Percentage 160 Template:Percentage 115 Template:Percentage
File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg Buddhist 365 Template:Percentage 90 Template:Percentage 45 Template:Percentage 35 Template:Percentage
File:Star of David.svg Jewish 280 Template:Percentage 180 Template:Percentage 115 Template:Percentage 90 Template:Percentage
Other religion 290 Template:Percentage 150 Template:Percentage 125 Template:Percentage 30 Template:Percentage
Irreligious 14,665 Template:Percentage 10,975 Template:Percentage 7,650 Template:Percentage 4,885 Template:Percentage
Total responses 76,085 Template:Percentage 58,975 Template:Percentage 50,360 Template:Percentage 34,775 Template:Percentage

GovernmentEdit

The town is run by a mayor, six town councillors and two regional councillors. The mayor and the two regional councillors represent Caledon at the Region of Peel:

  • Mayor Annette Groves
  • Councillor Ward 1 Lynn Kiernan
  • Councillor Ward 2 Dave Sheen
  • Councillor Ward 3 Doug Maskell
  • Councillor Ward 4 Nick deBoer
  • Councillor Ward 5 Tony Rosa
  • Councillor Ward 6 Cosimo Napoli
  • Regional Councillor Wards 1, 2, 3 Christina Early
  • Regional Councillor Wards 4, 5, 6 Mario Russo

Per capita, Caledon has by far the largest representation on Peel Regional Council of the three municipalities, however Caledon's land mass exceeds that of Mississauga and Brampton combined.

ClimateEdit

Template:Albion weatherbox

EducationEdit

The Peel District School Board operates 14 public schools and two secondary (high) schools in Caledon. The Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board operates several Catholic elementary/middle and two secondary schools. The Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir operates one Catholic francophone (first-language French) elementary school. There also several private and Montessori schools.

School (location in community)Edit

Template:Columns-start

  • Allan Drive Middle School (Bolton)
  • Alloa Public School (Alloa)
  • Alton Public School (Alton)
  • Belfountain Public School (Belfountain)
  • Brampton Christian School (Mayfield West)
  • Caledon Central Public School (Caledon Village)
  • Caledon East Public School (Caledon East)
  • Countryside Montessori and Private School
  • Creative Children's Montessori School (Bolton)
  • École élémentaire catholique Saint-Jean-Bosco (Mayfield West)
  • Ellwood Memorial Public School (Bolton)
  • Herb Campbell Public School (Campbell's Cross)

Template:Column

  • Headwater Hills Montessori School
  • The Hill Academy
  • Holy Family Elementary School (Bolton)
  • Humberview Secondary School (Bolton)
  • King's College School
  • James Bolton Public School (Bolton)
  • James Grieve Public School (Tullamore)
  • Macville Public School (Bolton)
  • Mayfield Secondary School
  • Mind Valley Montessori and Private School (Bolton)
  • Palgrave Public School (Palgrave)
  • St. Evan Catholic Elementary School (Mayfield West)

Template:Column

  • St. John Paul II Elementary School (Bolton)
  • Robert F. Hall Catholic Secondary School (Caledon East)
  • SouthFields Village Public School (Mayfield West)
  • St. Cornelius Elementary School (Caledon East)
  • St. John the Baptist Elementary School (Bolton)
  • St. Nicholas Elementary School (Bolton)
  • St Michael Catholic Secondary School (Bolton)
  • Tony Pontes Public School (Mayfield West)

Template:Columns-end

Emergency servicesEdit

Caledon Fire & Emergency Services provides firefighting (using both career and volunteer firefighters), and medical emergency services. It has nine stations.

Ambulance service is run by the regional government's Peel Regional Paramedic Services, with three stations (#10, 11 and 12).

Despite being part of Peel Region, Caledon has its policing conducted from Ontario Provincial Police Caledon Detachment, rather than Peel Regional Police. The OPP also patrols the provincial highways in Caledon.

TransportationEdit

File:Caledon ON.JPG
Highway 10 through Caledon

Highways/roadsEdit

Highways in the municipality:

Former highways (now Regional roads):

Though never a provincial highway, Airport Road (Peel Poad 7), is a major north-south route to and from the Georgian Triangle for travellers from southern Peel.

Public transitEdit

GO TransitEdit

GO Transit operates two bus routes in Caledon:

Local transitEdit

Due to its largely rural nature, Caledon does not have its own transit system; however, Brampton Transit provides a rush hour-only bus line, 41 Bolton in Bolton and travels south down Highway 50 in to Queen Street/Highway 7 (at the border of Brampton and Vaughan) to make connections with other Brampton Transit routes and York Region Transit (YRT). Brampton Transit also operates three other routes short distances into suburban areas bordering Brampton within the town: Route 81 Mayfield West serves Kennedy Road in Mayfield West, and Routes 18 Dixie and 30 Airport Road provide limited service into industrial areas.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Paratransit services for the elderly, disabled, and infirm are provided by Caledon Community Services Transportation and Transhelp. Both are run by the Region of Peel Accessible Transportation Services.

HistoryEdit

There were two earlier privately-operated transit services running solely within Bolton with no connections to other services: In 1999 a company named Caledon Transit Incorporated ran a trial bus service in the community.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2006, the growing population of Bolton prompted local resident Darren Parberry to start a second bus service with two routes using leased school buses, called Métis Transit. One route ran briefly in 2006.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Both services ceased operations due to low ridership. Between 2019 and 2024, there was a third service, operated by a private contractor, Voyago, which provided minibus service in Bolton and traveled south down Highway 50 to Queen Street/Highway 7 to connect with Brampton Transit and YRT until it was replaced by the current Brampton Transit Route 41 on May 1, 2024. Adult cash fares were $4.00 and there were no free transfers with these systems.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

CultureEdit

The Alton Mill Arts Centre is located in Caledon.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Art galleries include Headwaters Arts<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

MediaEdit

Established in 1888 as the Cardwell Observer,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The Caledon Enterprise is published weekly from Bolton by Metroland Media.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Also based out of Bolton is The Caledon Citizen, established in 1982. A MELINIUM paper, it is published by Caledon Publishing Ltd.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> A third newspaper, launched by Rick and Shelly Sargent in 2010, The Regional, was published monthly in Bolton. In November 2012, the paper was acquired by Caledon Publishing and ceased publication. The Sargents began working with the Caledon Citizen.

In January 2015 an online publication specific to Caledon, JustSayinCaledon.com, was started by former Bolton Ward 5 Regional Councilor Patti Foley. It publishes stories about local residents and businesses, Caledon event listings, town council highlights, opinion pieces, and a food section about local markets and restaurants.

A short-lived student-run newspaper, The Caledon Underground, was published in 2010.

The creepypasta 1999 depicts a fictional television station based in Caledon, called Caledon Local 21, which was on the air from 1997 to 1999 in the broadcast area of stations in the Greater Toronto Area and Hamilton.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Key Porter Books and its parent H.B. Fenn are headquartered in Bolton. The radio stations CJFB-FM and CFGM-FM are broadcasting from here.

Historic sitesEdit

File:Alton Mill, Caledon 2019.jpg
Back of the Alton Mill in 2019

TrailsEdit

  • Andrew's Treasure Trail
  • Bruce Trail
  • Caledon Trailway
  • Elora-Cataract Trail
  • Grand Valley Trail
  • Humber Valley Trail
  • Oak Ridges Trail

OrganizationsEdit

Protected areasEdit

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • Belfountain Conservation Area
  • Caledon Lake Forest Conservation Area
  • Forks of the Credit Provincial Park
  • Glen Haffy Conservation Area
  • Ken Whillans Conservation Area
  • Palgrave Forest and Wildlife Area
  • Robert Baker Forest Conservation Area
  • Terra Cotta Conservation Area
  • Warwick Conservation Area

Sports and recreationEdit

Junior hockey teams include the Caledon Admirals (Jr. A), Caledon Bombers (Jr. B) and the Caledon Golden Hawks (Jr. C). The Caledon Canadians are now defunct.

Minor hockey teams include the Caledon Hawks and the Caledon Coyotes.

Lacrosse in Caledon is represented by the Caledon Vaughan Minor Lacrosse Association, which operates Minor Field and both minor and junior C box teams.

Mike Fox, the winner of the 2007 Queen's Plate, was foaled in Caledon, and Peaks and Valleys currently stands there.

Caledon Equestrian Park, in Palgrave, hosted the equestrian events of the 2015 Pan American Games.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Notable peopleEdit

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See alsoEdit

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NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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SourcesEdit

External linksEdit

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