Cassard-class frigate
The Cassard class (Type F70 AA) was a class of two anti-air warfare destroyers of the French Navy introduced in the latter 1980s/early 1990s. The class was an air defence variant of the Template:Sclass. The two classes have a different armament and propulsion system mounted on an identical hull.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Their primary role was to provide air cover for a fleet, an aeronaval group, a convoy & a littoral point. Their secondary role was to manage air assets coordination & aircraft control for the force, especially through Link 16.They can also be used for research, identification or presence missions. Both ships were assigned to the Force d'Action Navale.<ref name=c1>Gardiner and Chumbly, p. 115</ref> The lead ship of the class, Cassard, was retired in 2019 followed by the retirement of Jean Bart in 2021.
The experience gained during the design and construction of the Cassard type was used for the design of the Template:Sclass.Template:Citation needed
DesignEdit
The Cassard-class frigate was initially designed to replace the four Template:Sclass2 anti-air warfare vessels in service at the time. Initially procured with four ships in the class, (the third and fourth hulls authorized for construction in 1983), the class was cut back to two vessels after the United States chose to terminate the production of the Standard SM-1MR missile. The prolonged design period led to the plans being redrawn several times.<ref name=c1/>
The class shared a common hull design with the Georges Leygues class. The superstructure was composed of a lightweight aluminum alloy that is resistant to fire and corrosion. However the adoption of a similar propulsion system was abandoned early on. The hot exhaust from the Olympus turbines found on the Georges Leygues class was thought to be incompatible with the numerous arrays required in the new design.<ref name=c1/> The ships were crewed by 244 personnel but could accommodate 251.<ref name=j1/>
The class carried one anti-submarine helicopter on a deck placed aft with a hangar provided for storage.<ref name=c1/> Originally supplied with a Eurocopter AS 565 Panther, they were later replaced with the Westland Lynx.<ref name=j1/> The SAMAHE 210 helicopter handling system is adaptable to different types of undercarriages on helicopters and had munitions trucks to position weapon loadouts to assist the arming of the helicopters.<ref name=c1/>
PropulsionEdit
The Cassard class were powered by four SEMT Pielstick 18 PA6V 280 BTC diesels creating a sustained Template:Convert driving two shafts.<ref name=j1>Saunders, p.230</ref> This provided the ships a maximum speed of Template:Convert and a range of Template:Convert at Template:Convert.<ref name=j1/> The SEMT Pielstick diesels are capable of double super-charging.<ref name=c1/> The engines were placed upon flexible mountings reducing the noise signature of the ship.<ref name=c1/>
ArmamentEdit
The Cassard frigates were armed with one Mk 13 launcher for the 40 Standard SM-1MR anti-air missiles. The missiles have semi-active radar homing out to Template:Convert at Mach 2 with a ceiling limit of Template:Convert.<ref name=j1/> The Mk 13 single arm launchers and SPG 51 tracker/illuminators were taken off the T 47 destroyers Template:Ship and Template:Ship and refurbished.<ref name=c1/>
The Cassards were also provided with two Sadral sextuple launchers for 39 Mistral CIWS anti-air missiles. The Mistrals have infrared homing out to Template:Convert and have a Template:Convert warhead. They are anti-sea skimmer missiles and are able to engage incoming targets down to Template:Convert above sea level.<ref name=j1/>
For anti-ship weaponry, the class was provided with eight MM40 Exocet anti-ship missiles. The MM40 Exocet missiles are sea-skimmers with a warhead of Template:Convert and have a range of Template:Convert at Mach 0.9.<ref name=j1/> The frigates also had two fixed torpedo tubes for ten L5 mod 4 torpedoes. These torpedoes have active and passive homing with a range of Template:Convert at Template:Convert. They carry a Template:Convert warhead and can travel to a depth of Template:Convert.<ref name=j1/>
The Cassard class was armed with a Creusot-Loire Compact Template:Cvt/55 Mod 68 DP gun. The gun can fire 80 rounds per minute out to Template:Convert in an anti-surface role and Template:Convert against aerial targets.<ref name=j1/> Initially the class was designed to have a second 100 mm main gun on the quarterdeck, however during the design phase the guns were removed and replaced with the helicopter hangar and two Sadral launchers.<ref name=c1/> The vessels were also supplied with two Template:Cvt F2 anti-aircraft guns and four Template:Cvt machine guns.<ref name=j1/>
ElectronicsEdit
- 1 DRBV26C sentry radar
- 1 Thales SMART-S MK2 (replacing DRBJ11B) <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- 1 DIBV2A infra-red alert system
- 2 DRBN34 navigation and landing radar
- 1 DUBV 24C hull sonar
- Syracuse II satellite communication system
- 1 ARBR 17 radar detector
- 1 SAIGON radio emission detector
- 1 ARBB 33 jammer
- 2 SAGAIE NG decoy launchers
- 2 DAGAIE decoy launchers
Ships in classEdit
| Cassard class construction data<ref name=c1/> | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Pennant | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Decommissioned |
| Template:Ship | D 614 | 3 September 1982 | 6 February 1985 | 28 July 1988 | 15 March 2019 |
| Template:Ship | D 615 | 12 March 1986 | 19 March 1988 | 21 September 1991 | 31 August 2021 |
| Courbet | D 616 | Cancelled | |||
| ~ | D 617 | ||||
They were decommissioned in conjunction with the introduction of the FREDA air defence frigates in 2021–2022.Template:Citation needed
GalleryEdit
- Cassard 3.jpg
Fire team of Cassard
- Cassard 6.jpg
Frigate Cassard
- Surcouf-Courbet-Jean Bart.jpg
Jean Bart beside the frigates Surcouf and Courbet
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
CitationsEdit
SourcesEdit
- Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen & Budzbon, Przemysław (1995). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. Template:ISBN.
- Saunders, Stephen (ed.). Jane's Fighting Ships, 2004-2005 (107 ed.). Surrey: Jane's Information Group. Template:ISBN.