Chancellor of the Exchequer

The chancellor of the exchequer, often abbreviated to chancellor,<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Cbignore</ref> is a senior minister of the Crown within the Government of the United Kingdom, and the head of His Majesty's Treasury. As one of the four Great Offices of State, the chancellor is a high-ranking member of the British Cabinet.

Responsible for all economic and financial matters, the role is equivalent to that of a finance minister in other countries. The chancellor is now always second lord of the Treasury as one of at least six lords commissioners of the Treasury, responsible for executing the office of the Treasurer of the ExchequerTemplate:Snd the others are the prime minister and Commons government whips. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, it was common for the prime minister also to serve as Chancellor of the Exchequer if he sat in the Commons; the last Chancellor who was simultaneously prime minister and Chancellor of the Exchequer was Stanley Baldwin in 1923. Formerly, in cases when the chancellorship was vacant, the lord chief justice of the King's Bench would act as chancellor pro tempore.<ref>Joseph Haydn, Horace Ockerby (ed.): The Book of Dignities, 3rd edition, Part III (Political and Official), p. 164. W.H. Allen & Co., London 1894, reprinted by Firecrest Publishing Ltd, Pancakes, 1969.</ref> The last lord chief justice to serve in this way was Lord Denman in 1834.

The chancellor is the third-oldest major state office in English and British history, and in recent times has come to be the most powerful office in British politics after the prime minister. It originally carried responsibility for the Exchequer, the medieval English institution for the collection and auditing of royal revenues. The earliest surviving records which are the results of the exchequer's audit date from 1129 to 1130 under King Henry I and show continuity from previous years.<ref name="Chrimes62">Chrimes, Administrative History, pp. 62–63.</ref> The chancellor has oversight of fiscal policy, therefore of taxation and public spending across government departments. It previously controlled monetary policy as well until 1997, when the Bank of England was granted independent control of its interest rates.

Since 1718, all chancellors of the exchequer, except at times the lord chief justice as interim holders, have been members of the House of Commons, with Lord Stanhope being the last chancellor from the House of Lords.

The office holder works alongside the other Treasury ministers and the permanent secretary to the Treasury. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow chancellor of the Exchequer, and the chancellor is also scrutinised by the Liberal Democrat Treasury spokesperson and the Treasury Select Committee.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The current chancellor is Rachel Reeves.

Second Lord of the Treasury

The holder of the office of chancellor of the exchequer is ex officio second lord of the Treasury as a member of the commission exercising the ancient office of treasurer of the exchequer.<ref name=Sainty>Template:Cite book</ref> As second lord, her official residence is 11 Downing Street in London, next door to the residence of the first lord of the Treasury (a title that has for many years been held by the prime minister), who resides in 10 Downing Street. While in the past both houses were private residences, today they serve as interlinked offices, with the occupant living in an apartment made from attic rooms previously resided in by servants.

Since 1827, the chancellor has always simultaneously held the office of second lord of the Treasury when that person has not also been the prime minister.

Roles and responsibilities

A previous chancellor, Robert Lowe, described the office in the following terms in the House of Commons, on 11 April 1870: "The Chancellor of the Exchequer is a man whose duties make him more or less of a taxing machine. He is entrusted with a certain amount of misery which it is his duty to distribute as fairly as he can."

Fiscal policy

The chancellor has considerable control over other departments as it is the Treasury that sets Departmental Expenditure Limits. The amount of power this gives to an individual chancellor depends on their personal forcefulness, their status within their party and their relationship with the prime minister. Gordon Brown, who became chancellor when Labour came into Government in 1997, had a large personal power base in the party. Perhaps as a result, Tony Blair chose to keep him in the same position throughout his ten years as prime minister; making Brown an unusually dominant figure and the longest-serving chancellor since the Reform Act 1832.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This has strengthened a pre-existing trend towards the chancellor occupying a clear second position among government ministers, elevated above their traditional peers, the foreign secretary and home secretary.

One part of the chancellor's key roles involves the framing of the annual year budget. As of 2017, the first is the Autumn Budget, also known as Budget Day which forecasts government spending in the next financial year and also announces new financial measures. The second is a Spring Statement, also known as a "mini-Budget". Britain's tax year has retained the old Julian end of year: 24 March (Old Style) / 5 April (New Style, i.e. Gregorian). From 1993, the Budget was in spring, preceded by an annual autumn statement. This was then called Pre-Budget Report. The Autumn Statement usually took place in November or December. The 1997, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2012 and 2016 budgets were all delivered on a Wednesday, summarised in a speech to the House of Commons.

The budget is a state secret until the chancellor reveals it in the speech given to Parliament. Hugh Dalton, on his way to giving the budget speech in 1947, inadvertently blurted out key details to a newspaper reporter, and they appeared in print before he made his speech. Dalton was forced to resign.<ref>Ben Pimlott, Hugh Dalton (1985) pp 524–48.</ref>

Monetary policy

Although the Bank of England is responsible for setting interest rates, the chancellor also plays an important part in the monetary policy structure. They set the inflation target which the Bank must set interest rates to meet. Under the Bank of England Act 1998 the chancellor has the power of appointment of four out of nine members of the Bank's Monetary Policy Committee – the so-called 'external' members. They also have a high level of influence over the appointment of the Bank's Governor and Deputy Governors, and has the right of consultation over the appointment of the two remaining MPC members from within the Bank.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Act also provides that the Government has the power to give instructions to the Bank on interest rates for a limited period in extreme circumstances. This power has never been officially used.

Ministerial arrangements

At HM Treasury the chancellor is supported by a political team of four junior ministers and by permanent civil servants. The most important junior minister is the chief secretary to the Treasury, a member of the Cabinet, to whom the negotiations with other government departments on the details of government spending are delegated, followed by the paymaster general, the financial secretary to the Treasury and the economic secretary to the Treasury. Whilst not continuously in use, there can also be appointed a commercial secretary to the Treasury and an exchequer secretary to the Treasury. Two other officials are given the title of a secretary to the Treasury, although neither is a government minister in the Treasury: the parliamentary secretary to the Treasury is the Government Chief Whip in the House of Commons; the permanent secretary to the Treasury is not a minister but the senior civil servant in the Treasury.

The chancellor is obliged to be a member of the Privy Council, and thus is styled the Right Honourable (Rt. Hon.). Because the House of Lords is excluded from financial matters by tradition confirmed by the Parliament Acts, the office is effectively limited to members of the House of Commons; apart from the occasions when the lord chief justice of the King's Bench has acted as interim Chancellor. The last peer to hold the office was Henry Booth, 2nd Baron Delamer (created Earl of Warrington shortly after leaving office) from 9 April 1689 to 18 March 1690. The chancellor holds the formerly independent office of Master of the Mint as a subsidiary office.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Perquisites of the office

Official residence

The chancellor of the Exchequer has no official London residence as such but since 1828 in their role as Second Lord of the Treasury they live in the second lord's official residence, No. 11 Downing Street.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1997, the then first and second Lords, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown respectively, swapped apartments, as the chancellor's larger apartment in No. 11 better accommodated Blair's substantial family (besides himself and his wife, he had three children under 18 upon taking office, and a fourth was born in 2000); meanwhile, Brown was then unmarried and had no children.

Dorneywood

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

Dorneywood is the summer residence that is traditionally made available to the chancellor, though it is the prime minister who ultimately decides who may use it. Gordon Brown, on becoming chancellor in 1997, refused to use it and the house, which is set in Template:Convert<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> of parkland, was allocated to Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott. In 2007, it reverted to the then-chancellor, Alistair Darling.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Budget box

File:Cropped Gladstone's Red Box.jpg

Budget box or Gladstone box, Template:Circa 1860

The chancellor traditionally carries their budget speech to the House of Commons in a particular red despatch box. The so-called 'Budget Box' is identical to the cases used by all other government ministers (known as ministerial boxes or "despatch boxes") to transport their official papers, but is better known because the chancellor traditionally displays the box, containing the budget speech, to the press before leaving 11 Downing Street for the House of Commons.

The original budget box was first used by William Ewart Gladstone in 1853 and continued in use until 1965 when James Callaghan was the first chancellor to break with tradition when he used a newer box. Prior to Gladstone, a generic red despatch box of varying design and specification was used. The practice is said to have begun in the late 16th century, when Queen Elizabeth I's representative Francis Throckmorton presented the Spanish Ambassador, Bernardino de Mendoza, with a specially constructed red briefcase filled with black puddings.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In July 1997, Gordon Brown became the second chancellor to use a new box for the Budget. Made by industrial trainees at Babcock Rosyth Defence Ltd ship and submarine dockyard in Fife, the new box is made of yellow pine, with a brass handle and lock, covered in scarlet leather and embossed with the Royal cypher and crest and the chancellor's title. In his first Budget, in March 2008, Alistair Darling reverted to using the original budget box and his successor, George Osborne, continued this tradition for his first budget, before announcing that it would be retired due to its fragile condition.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The key to the original budget box has been lost.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Budget tipple

By tradition, the chancellor has been allowed to drink whatever they wish while making the annual budget speech to Parliament. This includes alcohol, which is otherwise banned under parliamentary rules.

Previous chancellors have opted for whisky (Kenneth Clarke), gin and tonic (Geoffrey Howe), brandy and water (Benjamin Disraeli and John Major), spritzer (Nigel Lawson) and sherry and beaten egg (William Gladstone).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The chancellors after Clarke, Philip Hammond, George Osborne, Alistair Darling and Gordon Brown,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> opted for water. In fact Darling drank what was named "Standard Water" in reference to, and support of, the London Evening Standard newspaper's campaign to have plain tap water available in restaurants at no charge to customers.<ref name="test">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Robe of office

The chancellor, as Master of the Mint, has a robe of office,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> similar to that of the lord chancellor (as seen in several of the portraits depicted below). In recent times, it has only regularly been worn at coronations, but some chancellors (at least until the 1990s) have also worn it when attending the Trial of the Pyx as Master of the Mint. According to George Osborne, the robe (dating from Gladstone's time in office, and worn by the likes of Lloyd George and Churchill)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 'went missing' during Gordon Brown's time as chancellor.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

List of chancellors of the exchequer

England (Template:Circa – Template:Circa)

{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B=Template:AmboxTemplate:Main other }}

Chancellor of the Exchequer		Term of office		Monarch Template:Small
File:No image.svg	Eustace of Fauconberg Template:Small	Template:Circa	Template:N/a	Henry III File:Coat of Arms of England (-1340).svg Template:Small
File:No image.svg	John Maunsell Template:Small	Template:Circa	Template:N/a
	Ralph de Leicester	before 1248
	Edward of Westminster	1248	Template:N/a
	Albric de Fiscamp	before 1263
File:No image.svg	John Chishull Template:Small	1263	1265
File:No image.svg	Walter Giffard Template:Small	1265	1266
File:No image.svg	Godfrey Giffard Template:Small	1266	1268
File:No image.svg	John Chishull Template:Small	1268	1269
File:No image.svg	Richard of Middleton Template:Small	1269	†|[1]}}
	Roger de la Leye	before 1283
	Geoffrey de Neuband			Edward I File:Coat of Arms of England (-1340).svg Template:Small
	Philip de Willoughby	1283	1305
File:No image.svg	John Benstead Template:Small	1305	1306
File:No image.svg	John Sandale Template:Small	Template:Small 1307	1308	Edward II File:Coat of Arms of England (-1340).svg Template:Small
	John of Markenfield	1309	1312
File:No image.svg	John Hotham Template:Small	1312	1316
File:No image.svg	Hervey de Stanton	1316	Template:Circa
File:BishopWalterStapledon ExeterCathedral.JPG	Walter Stapledon Template:Small	1323	Template:Circa
File:No image.svg	Hervey de Stanton Template:Small	1324	Template:Small 1327
File:No image.svg	Adam de Harvington	Template:Small 1327	1330	Edward III File:Coat of Arms of Edward III of England (1327-1377) (Attributed).svg Template:Small Template:Refn
File:No image.svg	Robert Wodehouse	1330	1331
File:Chichestercathedralrobertstratfordtomb.jpg	Robert de Stratford Template:Small	1331	1334
	John Hildesle	Template:Circa	Template:N/a
	William de Everdon	1341	Template:N/a
	William Askeby Template:Small	1363	Template:N/a
File:No image.svg	Robert de Ashton	1375	Template:Small 1377
	Sir Walter Barnham	Template:Small 1377	Template:Small 1399	Richard II File:Coat of Arms of Richard II of England (1377-1399).svg Template:Small
File:No image.svg	Henry Somer Template:Small	1410	1437	Henry IV File:Coat of Arms of Henry IV of England (1399-1413).svg Template:Small
				Henry V File:Coat of Arms of Henry IV & V of England (1413-1422).svg Template:Small
Template:Zwsp				Henry VI File:Coat of Arms of Henry VI of England (1422-1471).svg Template:Small Template:Refn
File:No image.svg	John Somerset	1441	1447
File:No image.svg	Thomas Browne Template:Small	1440?	1450?
File:No image.svg	Thomas Witham	1454	Template:N/a
File:No image.svg	Thomas Thwaites	Template:Small 1461	Template:N/a	Edward IV File:Coat of Arms of Edward IV of England (1461-1483).svg Template:Small
File:No image.svg	Thomas Witham	1465	1469
Template:Zwsp	Richard Fowler	1469	Template:Small 1471
				Henry VI File:Coat of Arms of Henry VI of England (1422-1471).svg Template:Small
File:No image.svg	Thomas Thwaites Template:Small	Template:Small 1471	Template:Small 1483	Edward IV File:Coat of Arms of Edward IV of England (1461-1483).svg Template:Small
File:William Catesby, memorial brass.jpg	William Catesby Template:Small	Template:Small 1483	Template:Circa	Edward V File:Coat of Arms of Edward V of England (1483).svg Template:Small Template:Refn
				Richard III File:Coat of Arms of Richard III of England (1483-1485).svg Template:Small
File:Sir Thomas Lovell, bronze medallion.jpg	Thomas Lovell Template:Small	Template:Small 1485	1524	Henry VII File:Coat of Arms of Henry VII of England (1485-1509).svg Template:Small
Template:Zwsp				Henry VIII File:Coat of Arms of England (1509-1554) - Dragon with pizzle.png Template:Small Template:Refn
File:John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners by Ambrosius Benson.jpg	John Bourchier 2nd Baron Berners	1524	1533?
File:Cromwell,Thomas(1EEssex)01.jpg	Thomas Cromwell 1st Earl of Essex Secretary of State	Template:Small 1533	Template:Small 1540
Template:Zwsp	John Baker Template:Small	1545	Template:Small 1558
File:SirJohnBaker.jpg
				Edward VI File:Coat of Arms of England (1509-1554) - Dragon with pizzle.png Template:Small Template:Refn
				Mary I File:Coat of Arms of England (1554-1558).svg Template:Small

^†{{#if:| }} Died in office.

United Kingdom (1817–present)

Although the Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland had been united by the Acts of Union 1800, the Exchequers of the two Kingdoms were not consolidated until 1817 under the Consolidated Fund Act 1816 (56 Geo. 3. c. 98).<ref name="CA1816">Template:Cite act</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> For the holders of the Irish office before this date, see Chancellor of the Exchequer of Ireland.

Chancellor of the ExchequerTemplate:Efn			Term of office		Party	Ministry	Monarch Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-bottom: none" |	File:Nicholas Vansittart by William Owen.jpg	Nicholas VansittartTemplate:R Template:Small	12 July 1817	31 January 1823	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory	Template:Party shading/Tories rowspan=3 | Liverpool	George III File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1801-1816).svg Template:Small Template:Refn
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-top: none" |					George IV File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon by Sir Thomas Lawrence cropped.jpg	Frederick John Robinson<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	31 January 1823	27 April 1827		Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:George Canning by Richard Evans - detail.jpg	George Canning<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	27 April 1827	†|[8]}}		Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Canning Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Lord Tenterden LCJ by William Owen.jpg	Charles Abbott 1st Baron Tenterden Template:Small	8 August 1827	5 September 1827		Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Goderich
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:John Charles Herries.jpg	John Charles Herries<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	5 September 1827	26 January 1828		Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-bottom:none" |	File:HenryGoulburn.jpg	Henry GoulburnTemplate:R Template:Small	26 January 1828	22 November 1830		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Tories | Tory	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Tories | Wellington–Peel
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-top:none" |					William IV File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1816-1837).svg Template:Small
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:JC Spencer, Viscount Althorp by HP Bone cropped.jpg	John Spencer Viscount AlthorpTemplate:R Template:Smalldiv	22 November 1830	14 November 1834		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig	Template:Party shading/Whigs | Grey
Template:Party shading/Whigs | Melbourne I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman by Sir Martin Archer Shee crop.jpg	Thomas Denman 1st Baron Denman Template:Small	14 November 1834	15 December 1834		Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig	Template:Party shading/Tories | Wellington Caretaker
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Robert Peel by RR Scanlan detail.jpg	Robert PeelTemplate:R MP for Tamworth	15 December 1834	8 April 1835		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Peel I
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-bottom:none" |	File:1stBaronMonteagle.jpg	Thomas Spring RiceTemplate:R Template:Small	18 April 1835	26 August 1839		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig	rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Whigs | Melbourne II
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-top:none" |					Victoria File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook by Sir George Hayter.jpg	Francis BaringTemplate:R Template:Small	26 August 1839	30 August 1841		Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:HenryGoulburn.jpg	Henry GoulburnTemplate:R Template:Small	3 September 1841	27 June 1846		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Peel II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:1stViscountHalifax.jpg	Charles WoodTemplate:R Template:Small	6 July 1846	21 February 1852		Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig	Template:Party shading/Whigs | Russell I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Disraeli.jpg	Benjamin DisraeliTemplate:R Template:Small	27 February 1852	17 December 1852		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Who? Who?
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:WE Gladstone robed NPG.jpg	William Ewart GladstoneTemplate:R Template:Small	28 December 1852	28 February 1855		Template:Party shading/Peelite | Peelite	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Aberdeen Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Sir George Cornewall Lewis, 2nd Bt.jpg	George Cornewall LewisTemplate:R Template:Small	28 February 1855	21 February 1858		Template:Party shading/Whigs | Whig	Template:Party shading/Whigs | Palmerston I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Disraeli.jpg	Benjamin DisraeliTemplate:R Template:Small	26 February 1858	11 June 1859		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Derby–Disraeli II
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:WE Gladstone robed NPG.jpg	William Ewart GladstoneTemplate:R Template:Smalldiv	18 June 1859	26 June 1866		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Palmerston II
Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Russell II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Disraeli.jpg	Benjamin DisraeliTemplate:R Template:Small	6 July 1866	29 February 1868		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Derby–Disraeli III
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:George Ward Hunt (30 July 1825 – 29 July 1877) .jpg	George Ward HuntTemplate:R Template:Small	29 February 1868	1 December 1868		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke by George Frederic Watts.jpg	Robert LoweTemplate:R Template:Small	9 December 1868	11 August 1873		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Gladstone I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:WE Gladstone robed NPG.jpg	William Ewart GladstoneTemplate:R Template:Small	11 August 1873	17 February 1874		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh.jpg	Stafford NorthcoteTemplate:R Template:Small	21 February 1874	21 April 1880		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Disraeli II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:WE Gladstone robed NPG.jpg	William Ewart GladstoneTemplate:R Template:Small	28 April 1880	16 December 1882		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Gladstone II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Hugh Childers, Lock & Whitfield woodburytype, 1876-83 crop.jpg	Hugh ChildersTemplate:R Template:Small	16 December 1882	9 June 1885		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:St Aldwyn Michael Edward Hicks-Beach (1st Earl).jpg	Michael Hicks BeachTemplate:R Template:Small	24 June 1885	28 January 1886		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Salisbury I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Sir William Harcourt.jpg	William HarcourtTemplate:R Template:Small	6 February 1886	20 July 1886		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Gladstone III
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Randolph churchill.jpg	Lord Randolph ChurchillTemplate:R Template:Small	3 August 1886	22 December 1886		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) rowspan=2 | Salisbury II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:George Goschen by Bassano.jpg	George GoschenTemplate:R Template:Small	14 January 1887	11 August 1892		Template:Party shading/Liberal Unionist | Liberal Unionist
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Sir William Harcourt.jpg	William HarcourtTemplate:R Template:Small	18 August 1892	21 June 1895		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Gladstone IV
Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Rosebery
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-bottom:none" |	File:St Aldwyn Michael Edward Hicks-Beach (1st Earl).jpg	Michael Hicks BeachTemplate:R Template:Small	29 June 1895	11 August 1902		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) rowspan=2 | [[Unionist government, 1895–1905|Salisbury Template:Small]] Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-top:none" |					Edward VII File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Charles Thomson Ritchie headshot.jpg	Charles RitchieTemplate:R Template:Small	11 August 1902	9 October 1903		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Balfour
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Austen Chamberlain MP.jpg	Austen ChamberlainTemplate:R Template:Small	9 October 1903	4 December 1905		Template:Party shading/Liberal Unionist | Liberal Unionist
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:H H Asquith 1908.jpg	Herbert Henry AsquithTemplate:R Template:Small	10 December 1905	16 April 1908		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Campbell-Bannerman
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-bottom:none" |	File:David Lloyd George 1911.jpg	David Lloyd George<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	16 April 1908	25 May 1915		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) rowspan=2 | [[Liberal government, 1905–1915|Asquith Template:Small]]
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border-top:none" |					George V File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Reginald McKenna photo.jpg	Reginald McKennaTemplate:R Template:Small	25 May 1915	10 December 1916		Template:Party shading/Liberal (UK) | Liberal	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Asquith Coalition Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Andrew Bonar Law 02.jpg	Bonar LawTemplate:R Template:Smalldiv	10 December 1916	10 January 1919		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) rowspan=3 | [[Lloyd George ministry|Lloyd George Template:Small]]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Austen Chamberlain MP.jpg	Austen ChamberlainTemplate:R Template:Small	10 January 1919	1 April 1921		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Viscount Horne.jpg	Robert HorneTemplate:R Template:Small	1 April 1921	19 October 1922		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |	File:Stanley Baldwin ggbain.35233 (cropped).jpg	Stanley BaldwinTemplate:R Template:Small	27 October 1922	27 August 1923		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Law
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Baldwin I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Chamberlain Neville.jpg	Neville ChamberlainTemplate:R Template:Small	27 August 1923	22 January 1924		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Lord Snowden.jpg	Philip SnowdenTemplate:R Template:Small	22 January 1924	3 November 1924		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour | MacDonald I
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Winston Churchill cph.3a49758.jpg	Winston ChurchillTemplate:R Template:Small	6 November 1924	4 June 1929		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Baldwin II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Lord Snowden.jpg	Philip SnowdenTemplate:R Template:Small	7 June 1929	5 November 1931		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour | MacDonald II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |						Template:Party shading/National Labour | National Labour	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | National I Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border: none" |	File:Chamberlain Neville.jpg	Neville ChamberlainTemplate:R Template:Small	5 November 1931	28 May 1937		rowspan=4 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | National II
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border: none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | National III Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border: none" |					Edward VIII File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border: none" |Template:Zwsp					George VI File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1837-1952).svg Template:Small
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Viscount Simon.jpg	John SimonTemplate:R Template:Small	28 May 1937	12 May 1940		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Liberal National | Liberal National	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | National IV
Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Chamberlain War
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Kinglsey Wood.jpg	Kingsley WoodTemplate:R Template:Small	12 May 1940	†|[9]}}		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) rowspan=2 | Churchill War Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp	File:John Anderson, 1st Viscount Waverley 1943.jpg	John AndersonTemplate:R Template:Small	24 September 1943	26 July 1945		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Independent Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |						Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Churchill Caretaker Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Hugh Dalton.png	Hugh DaltonTemplate:R Template:Small	27 July 1945	13 November 1947		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Labour | [[Attlee ministry|Attlee Template:Small]]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Stafford Cripps 1947.jpg	Stafford CrippsTemplate:R Template:Smalldiv	13 November 1947	19 October 1950		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Hugh Gaitskell MP.PNG	Hugh GaitskellTemplate:R Template:Small	19 October 1950	26 October 1951		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour
height=20 style="background-color: Template:Party color; border-bottom:none" |	File:Richard-Austen-Rab-Butler-1st-Baron-Butler-of-Saffron-Walden.jpg	Richard Austen ButlerTemplate:R Template:Small	26 October 1951	20 December 1955		rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Churchill III
height=20 style="background-color: Template:Party color; border:none" |					Elizabeth II File:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (1952-2022).svg Template:Small
height=20 style="background-color: Template:Party color; border-top:none" |						rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Eden
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Harold Macmillan in 1942.jpg	Harold MacmillanTemplate:R Template:Small	20 December 1955	13 January 1957		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Peter Thorneycroft cropped.png	Peter ThorneycroftTemplate:R Template:Small	13 January 1957	6 January 1958		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=4 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | [[Conservative government, 1957–1964|Macmillan Template:Small]]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Derick Heathcoat-Amory.png	Derick Heathcoat-AmoryTemplate:R Template:Small	6 January 1958	27 July 1960		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:SelwynLloyd1960.jpg	Selwyn LloydTemplate:R Template:Small	27 July 1960	13 July 1962		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp		Reginald Maudling<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	16 July 1962	16 October 1964		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |						Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Douglas-Home
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:James Callaghan 1970 (cropped).jpg	James Callaghan<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	17 October 1964	29 November 1967		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Labour | [[Labour government, 1964–1970|Wilson Template:Small]]
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Roy Jenkins 1977b.jpg	Roy Jenkins<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	29 November 1967	19 June 1970		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:The National Archives UK - CO 1069-166-17 Macleod crop.jpg	Iain MacleodTemplate:R Template:Small	20 June 1970	†|[10]}}		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Heath
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |		Anthony BarberTemplate:R Template:Small	25 July 1970	4 March 1974		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Denis Healey.jpg	Denis HealeyTemplate:R Template:Small	5 March 1974	4 May 1979		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour | [[Labour government, 1974–1979|Wilson Template:Small]]
Template:Party shading/Labour | Callaghan
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Geoffrey Howe (1985).jpg	Geoffrey HoweTemplate:R Template:Small	4 May 1979	11 June 1983		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Thatcher I
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |	File:Official portrait of Lord Lawson of Blaby crop 2.jpg	Nigel LawsonTemplate:R Template:Small	11 June 1983	26 October 1989		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Thatcher II
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Thatcher III
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Major PM full (cropped).jpg	John MajorTemplate:R Template:Small	26 October 1989	28 November 1990		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |	File:Official portrait of Lord Lamont of Lerwick 2020 crop 2.jpg	Norman LamontTemplate:R Template:Small	28 November 1990	27 May 1993		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Major I
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Major II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Kenneth Clarke.gif	Kenneth ClarkeTemplate:R Template:Small	27 May 1993	2 May 1997		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Chancellor Gordon Brown official portrait.jpg	Gordon BrownTemplate:R Template:Smalldiv	2 May 1997	27 June 2007		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour | Blair Template:Small
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Alistair Darling official portrait.jpg	Alistair Darling<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	28 June 2007	11 May 2010		Template:Party shading/Labour | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour | Brown
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:George Osborne HM Treasury.jpg	George Osborne<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Template:Small	11 May 2010	13 July 2016		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Coalition (UK) | Cameron–Clegg Template:Small
Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Cameron II
rowspan=2 style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Official portrait of Mr Philip Hammond crop 2.jpg	Philip Hammond<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Small	13 July 2016	24 July 2019		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | May I
Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | May II
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |	File:Sajid Javid Official Cabinet Portrait, September 2021 (cropped).jpg	Sajid Javid<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Small	24 July 2019	13 February 2020		rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Johnson I
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Johnson II
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Rishi Sunak Official Cabinet Portrait, September 2021 (cropped).jpg	Rishi Sunak<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Small	13 February 2020	5 July 2022		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |	File:Nadhim Zahawi Official Cabinet Portrait, September 2021 (cropped).jpg	Nadhim Zahawi<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Small	5 July 2022	6 September 2022		Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color: Template:Party color; border: none" |Template:Zwj	File:Kwasi Kwarteng Official Cabinet Portrait, September 2022 (seated) (cropped).jpg	Kwasi Kwarteng<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Small	6 September 2022		14 October 2022	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative	rowspan=3 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Truss
style="background-color: Template:Party color; border: none" |			Charles III File:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (2022).svg Template:Small
style="background-color: Template:Party color; border: none" |	File:Official portrait of the Chancellor of the Exchequer Jeremy Hunt, 2022 (cropped).jpg	Jeremy Hunt<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Template:Small		14 October 2022	5 July 2024	rowspan=2 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Conservative
style="background-color:Template:Party color; border:none" |Template:Zwsp						rowspan=1 Template:Party shading/Conservative (UK) | Sunak
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |	File:Rachel Reeves Official Cabinet Portrait, July 2024 (cropped 2) (cropped).jpg	Rachel Reeves Template:Small		5 July 2024	Incumbent	Template:Party shading/Labour Party (UK) | Labour	Template:Party shading/Labour Party (UK) | Starmer

Timeline

1817–present

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:12 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = late PlotArea = width:90% left:20 top:10 bottom:90 Legend = columns:4 left:120 top:55 columnwidth:160

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Colors =

 id:tory           value:rgb(0.2,0.2,0.8)      legend: Tory
 id:whig           value:rgb(1,0.5,0)          legend: Whig
 id:conservative   value:rgb(0,0.53,0.86)      legend: Conservative
 id:peelite        value:rgb(0.6,1,0.6)        legend: Peelite
 id:liberal        value:rgb(1,0.84,0)         legend: Liberal
 id:libunionist    value:rgb(0,0.2,0.56)       legend: Liberal_Unionist
 id:labour         value:rgb(0.86,0.08,0.18)   legend: Labour
 id:natlabour      value:rgb(0,0.5,0)          legend: National_Labour
 id:natliberal     value:rgb(0.3,0.73,0.96)    legend: National_Liberal
 id:independent    value:rgb(0.6,0.6,0.6)      legend: Independent_or_no_party
 id:liteline       value:gray(0.8)
 id:line           value:rgb(0.3,0.3,0.3)

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 bar:Vansittart
 bar:JohnRobinson
 bar:Canning
 bar:Abbott
 bar:CharlesHerries
 bar:Goulburn
 bar:Spencer
 bar:Denman
 bar:Peel
 bar:SpringRice
 bar:Baring
 bar:CWood
 bar:Disraeli
 bar:Gladstone
 bar:CornewallLewis
 bar:WardHunt
 bar:Lowe
 bar:Northcote
 bar:Childers
 bar:HicksBeach
 bar:Hardcourt
 bar:RChurchill
 bar:Goschen
 bar:Ritchie
 bar:AChamberlain
 bar:Asquith
 bar:LloydGeorge
 bar:McKenna
 bar:BonarLaw
 bar:Horne
 bar:Baldwin
 bar:NChamberlain
 bar:Snowden
 bar:Churchill
 bar:Simon
 bar:KWood
 bar:Anderson
 bar:Dalton
 bar:Cripps
 bar:Gaitskell
 bar:Butler
 bar:Macmillan
 bar:Thorneycroft
 bar:Heathcoat-Amory
 bar:Lloyd
 bar:Maudling
 bar:Callaghan
 bar:Jenkins
 bar:Macleod
 bar:Barber
 bar:Healey
 bar:Howe
 bar:Lawson
 bar:Major
 bar:Lamont
 bar:Clarke
 bar:Brown
 bar:Darling
 bar:Osborne
 bar:Hammond
 bar:Javid
 bar:Sunak
 bar:Zahawi
 bar:Kwarteng
 bar:Hunt
 bar:Reeves

PlotData=

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

bar:Vansittart
 from: 12/07/1817 till: 31/01/1823 color:tory text:"Nicholas Vansittart"
bar:JohnRobinson
 from: 31/01/1823 till: 27/04/1827 color:tory text:"Frederick John Robinson"
bar:Canning
 from: 27/04/1827 till: 08/08/1827 color:tory text:"George Canning"
bar:Abbott
 from: 08/08/1827 till: 05/09/1827 color:tory text:"Charles Abbott
bar:CharlesHerries
 from: 05/09/1827 till: 26/01/1828 color:tory text:"John Charles Herries"
bar:Goulburn
 from: 26/01/1828 till: 22/11/1830 color:tory 
 from: 03/09/1841 till: 30/08/1846 color:conservative text:"Henry Goulburn"
bar:Spencer 
 from: 22/11/1830 till: 14/11/1834 color:whig text:"John Spencer"
bar:Denman
 from: 14/11/1834 till: 15/12/1834 color:whig text:"Thomas Denman"
bar:Peel
 from: 15/12/1834 till: 08/04/1835 color:conservative text:"Robert Peel"
bar:SpringRice 
 from: 18/04/1835 till: 26/08/1839 color:whig text:"Thomas Spring Rice"
bar:Baring
 from: 26/08/1839 till: 30/08/1841 color:whig text:"Francis Baring"
bar:CWood
 from: 06/07/1846 till: 21/02/1852 color:whig text:"Charles Wood"
bar:Disraeli
 from: 27/02/1852 till: 17/12/1852 color:conservative
 from: 26/02/1858 till: 11/06/1859 color:conservative
 from: 06/07/1866 till: 29/02/1868 color:conservative text:"Benjamin Disraeli"
bar:Gladstone
 from: 28/12/1852 till: 28/02/1855 color:peelite
 from: 18/06/1859 till: 26/06/1866 color:liberal
 from: 11/08/1873 till: 17/02/1874 color:liberal
 from: 28/04/1880 till: 16/12/1882 color:liberal text:"William Ewart Gladstone"
bar:CornewallLewis
 from: 28/02/1855 till: 21/02/1858 color:whig text:"George Cornewall Lewis"
bar:WardHunt
 from: 29/02/1868 till: 01/12/1868 color:conservative text:"George Ward Hunt"
bar:Lowe
 from: 09/12/1868 till: 11/08/1873 color:liberal text:"Robert Lowe"
bar:Northcote
 from: 21/02/1874 till: 21/04/1880 color:conservative text:"Stafford Northcote"
bar:Childers
 from: 16/12/1882 till: 09/06/1885 color:liberal text:"Hugh Childers"
bar:HicksBeach
 from: 24/06/1885 till: 28/01/1886 color:conservative
 from: 29/06/1895 till: 11/08/1902 color:conservative text:"Michael Hicks Beach
bar:Hardcourt
 from: 06/02/1886 till: 20/07/1886 color:liberal
 from: 18/08/1892 till: 21/06/1895 color:liberal text:"William Hardcourt
bar:RChurchill
 from: 03/08/1886 till: 22/12/1886 color:conservative text:"Randolph Churchill"
bar:Goschen
 from: 14/01/1887 till: 11/08/1892 color:libunionist text:"George Goschen"
bar:Ritchie
 from: 11/08/1902 till: 09/10/1903 color:conservative text:"Charles Ritchie"
bar:AChamberlain
 from: 09/10/1903 till: 04/12/1905 color:libunionist 
 from: 10/01/1919 till: 01/04/1921 color:conservative text:"Austin Chamberlain"
bar:Asquith
 from: 10/12/1905 till: 16/04/1908 color:liberal text:"H. H. Asquith"
bar:LloydGeorge
 from: 16/04/1908 till: 25/05/1915 color:liberal text:"David Lloyd George"
bar:McKenna
 from: 25/05/1915 till: 10/12/1916 color:liberal text:"Reginald McKenna"
bar:BonarLaw
 from: 10/12/1916 till: 10/01/1919 color:conservative text:"Bonar Law"
bar:Horne
 from: 01/04/1921 till: 27/10/1922 color:conservative text:"Robert Horne"
bar:Baldwin
 from: 27/10/1922 till: 27/08/1923 color:conservative text:"Stanley Baldwin"
bar:NChamberlain
 from: 27/08/1923 till: 22/01/1924 color:conservative
 from: 05/11/1931 till: 28/05/1937 color:conservative text:"Neville Chamberlain"
bar:Snowden
 from: 22/01/1924 till: 03/11/1924 color:labour
 from: 07/06/1929 till: 24/08/1931 color:labour
 from: 24/08/1931 till: 05/11/1931 color:natlabour text:"Philip Snowden
bar:Churchill
 from: 06/11/1924 till: 04/06/1929 color:conservative text:"Winston Churchill"
bar:Simon
 from: 28/05/1937 till: 12/05/1940 color:natliberal text:"John Simon"
bar:KWood
 from: 12/05/1940 till: 21/09/1943 color:conservative text:"Kingsley Wood"
bar:Anderson
 from: 24/09/1943 till: 26/07/1945 color:independent text:"John Anderson"
bar:Dalton
 from: 27/07/1945 till: 13/11/1947 color:labour text:"Hugh Dalton"
bar:Cripps
 from: 13/11/1947 till: 19/10/1950 color:labour text:"Stafford Cripps"
bar:Gaitskell
 from: 19/10/1950 till: 26/10/1951 color:labour text:"Hugh Gaitskell"
bar:Butler
 from: 26/10/1951 till: 20/12/1955 color:conservative text:"Rab Butler"
bar:Macmillan
 from: 20/12/1955 till: 13/01/1957 color:conservative text:"Harold Macmillan"
bar:Thorneycroft
 from: 13/01/1957 till: 06/01/1958 color:conservative text:"Peter Thorneycroft"
bar:Heathcoat-Amory
 from: 06/01/1958 till: 27/07/1960 color:conservative text:"Derick Heathcoat-Amory"
bar:Lloyd
 from: 27/07/1960 till: 13/07/1962 color:conservative text:"Selwyn Lloyd"
bar:Maudling
 from: 16/07/1962 till: 16/10/1964 color:conservative text:"Reginald Maudling"
bar:Callaghan
 from: 17/10/1964 till: 29/11/1967 color:labour text:"James Callaghan"
bar:Jenkins
 from: 29/11/1967 till: 19/06/1970 color:labour text:"Roy Jenkins"
bar:Macleod
 from: 20/06/1970 till: 20/07/1970 color:conservative text:"Iain Macleod"
bar:Barber
 from: 25/07/1970 till: 04/03/1974 color:conservative text:"Anthony Barber"
bar:Healey
 from: 05/03/1974 till: 04/05/1979 color:labour text:"Denis Healey"
bar:Howe
 from: 04/05/1979 till: 11/06/1983 color:conservative text:"Geoffrey Howe"
bar:Lawson
 from: 11/06/1983 till: 26/10/1989 color:conservative text:"Nigel Lawson"
bar:Major
 from: 26/10/1989 till: 28/11/1990 color:conservative text:"John Major"
bar:Lamont
 from: 28/11/1990 till: 27/05/1993 color:conservative text:"Norman Lamont"
bar:Clarke
 from: 27/05/1993 till: 02/05/1997 color:conservative text:"Kenneth Clarke"
bar:Brown
 from: 02/05/1997 till: 27/06/2007 color:labour text:"Gordon Brown"
bar:Darling
 from: 28/06/2007 till: 11/05/2010 color:labour text:"Alistair Darling"
bar:Osborne
 from: 11/05/2010 till: 13/07/2016 color:conservative text:"George Osborne"
bar:Hammond
 from: 13/07/2016 till: 24/07/2019 color:conservative text:"Philip Hammond"
bar:Javid
 from: 24/07/2019 till: 13/02/2020 color:conservative text:"Sajid Javid"
bar:Sunak
 from: 13/02/2020 till: 05/07/2022 color:conservative text:"Rishi Sunak"
bar:Zahawi
 from: 05/07/2022 till: 06/09/2022 color:conservative text:"Nadhim Zahawi"
bar:Kwarteng
 from: 06/09/2022 till: 14/10/2022 color:conservative text:"Kwasi Kwarteng"
bar:Hunt
 from: 14/10/2022 till: 05/07/2024 color:conservative text:"Jeremy Hunt"
bar:Reeves
 from: 05/07/2024 till: $now       color:labour       text:"Rachel Reeves"

</timeline>

See also

• Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
• List of lord high treasurers of England and Great Britain

Further reading

• Barber, Stephen. "'Westminster's wingman'? Shadow chancellor as a strategic and coveted political role." British Politics 11.2 (2016): 184–204.
• Baxter, Stephen B. The Development of the Treasury, 1660–1702 (1957) online
• Browning, Peter. The Treasury and Economic Policy: 1964–1985 (Longman, 1986).
• Dell, Edmund. The Chancellors: A History of the Chancellors of the Exchequer, 1945–90 (HarperCollins, 1997) 619pp; 17 chapters covering the terms of each chancellor.
• Holt, Richard. Second Amongst Equals: Chancellors of the Exchequer and the British Economy (Profile Books, 2001).
• Jenkins, Roy. The Chancellors (1998); 497pp; covers entire career as well as term in office of 19 chancellors from 1886 to 1947.
• Kynaston, David. The chancellor of the exchequer (T. Dalton, 1980).
• Peden, G. C. The Treasury and British Public Policy, 1906–1959 (Oxford UP, 2000). online
• Seldon, Anthony. The Impossible Office? The History of the British Prime Minister (2021) excerpt major scholarly history. Covers the relations with Prime Minister in Chapter 9.
• Vincent, Nicholas C. "The Origins of the Chancellorship of the Exchequer." English Historical Review 108.426 (1993): 105–121. in JSTOR
• Woodward, Nicholas. The management of the British economy, 1945–2001 (Manchester University Press, 2004).

External links

• Template:Official website