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Chloralose

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Chloralose (also known as α-chloralose) is an avicide, and a rodenticide used to kill mice in temperatures below 15 °C. It is also widely used in neuroscience and veterinary medicine as an anesthetic and sedative.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Either alone or in combination, such as with urethane, it is used for long-lasting, but light anesthesia.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> It has been used with oral administration to sedate wild Canada geese for translocation in Nevada.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Chemically, it is a chlorinated acetal derivative of glucose.

Chloralose exerts barbiturate-like actions on synaptic transmission in the brain, including potent effects at inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAAR).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> A structural isomer of chloralose, β-chloralose (also called parachloralose in older literature), is inactive as a GABAAR modulator and also as a general anesthetic.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Chloralose is often abused for its avicide properties. In the United Kingdom, protected birds of prey have been killed using the chemical. Legal use for bird control also often causes raptor mortalities from secondary poisoning, as well as primary poisoning of non-target species from eating bait, for example, kererū pigeon in New Zealand.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

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