Incubator escapee wiki

Chrysler B engine

Article Discussion
(Redirected from Chrysler RB engine)

Template:Infobox automobile engine

The Chrysler B and RB engines are a series of big-block V8 gasoline engines introduced in 1958 to replace the Chrysler FirePower (first generation Hemi) engines. The B and RB engines are often referred to as "wedge" engines because they use wedge-shaped combustion chambers; this differentiates them from Chrysler's 426 Hemi big block engines that are typically referred to as "Hemi" or "426 Hemi" due to their hemispherical shaped combustion chambers. The corporation had been seeking a smaller and lighter replacement for its FirePower engines, in part because new styling dictates meant moving the engine forward in the chassis which negatively affected weight distribution.<ref name=RnM59>Template:Cite journal</ref>

DesignEdit

Design features of the B and RB engines include 17 capscrews per cylinder head, a cylinder block that extends Template:Cvt below the crankshaft centerline, an intake manifold not exposed to crankcase oil on the underside, stamped-steel shaft-mounted rocker arms (race versions used forged steel rockers), and a front-mounted external oil pump driven by the camshaft. In order to provide a lower hood and center of gravity, the engine to be mounted lower than before. Apart from changing the engine dimensions and engine mount position, this also entailed reconsidering the distributor drive and oil pump locations. The oil pump could not be allowed to extend below the crank throw to avoid interfering with the steering linkage. The engineers moved the distributor to the front of the engine, at a 45-degree angle, which cleared the heater while allowing the oil pump to be located in front of the block - above the bottom of the crank's throw, clearing the steering linkage.<ref name=RnM59/>

The 'B' series wedge engine was introduced in 1958 with Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt versions. The 361 would continue in production until the end of the series, albeit only for truck installation. The RB ("raised B") arrived one year after the launch of the B series engines, in Template:Cvt and Template:Cvt displacements. Unlike the previous B-engines, which had a Template:Convert stroke, the RB engines had a Template:Convert stroke.

For 1960, a "ram induction" system increased the 413's torque up to Template:Cvt on the Chrysler 300F versions.

The last 'B-RB' wedge-headed engine was produced in August 1978, ending the era of Chrysler "big-block" engines.

B enginesEdit

All Low Block B-series engines have a Template:Cvt stroke, a Template:Cvt deck height and Template:Cvt connecting rods, resulting in a 1.88:1 rod ratio.

350Edit

The Template:Cvt B engine was, along with the 361, the first production B engine, first available in 1958. It had a bore of Template:Cvt. The 350 is classified as a big-block engine. All parts except for the pistons are fully compatible with the 361.

Vehicles using the B 350:

361Edit

The 361 cu in B engine also introduced in 1958 was essentially the same as the 350 except with a larger Template:Cvt bore, for an actual displacement of Template:Cvt. In 1962, the Dodge Polara 500 came standard with a Template:Cvt version of the 361 that had a four-barrel carburetor, dual-point distributor, and dual exhausts. Plymouth called their versions of the early B engine the Commando, variants of which included the Golden Commando and Sonoramic Commando. It produced Template:Cvt. DeSoto's B engine was named Turboflash and produced Template:Cvt. The Dodge standard version was a 2-barrel with Template:Cvt called the Super Red Ram with an optional variant that was called the D500 and produced Template:Cvt.

The 361 would last until the end of the series, albeit for trucks only. In its early years, the 305-horsepower 361 was optional on many vehicles, and standard on, among others, the Dodge 880. The 361 had a fuel-injected version in 1958 only.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Very few of the fuel-injected B engines were made and only a handful remain, since most were brought back to the dealer to be fitted with carburetors.

Template:Hidden begin

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Template:Hidden end

383Edit

File:Chrysler 383 low-block engine, 1964 or 65.jpg
1964 or 1965 Chrysler 383 B engine

The 383 cu in B engine—not to be confused with the RB version—was essentially a larger bore version of the 350 and 361, using a Template:Cvt bore for a Template:Cvt displacement. This venerable engine was introduced in 1959. Dodge's version, the D500, had a cross-ram induction manifold and dual four-barrel carburetors as options. In some Dodge applications, this engine was labeled as the Magnum, while the Plymouth version was called the Golden Commando. Both came with a dual point distributor in high-performance versions.

The 383 became the standard model Mopar performance engine for the next decade. The big bore allowed for larger, Template:Cvt, intake valves, and the relatively short stroke helped it to be a free-revving and free-breathing engine.

Producing a maximum of Template:Cvt (gross) and Template:Cvt of torque for the 1960 model year, the 383 beat the 392 Hemi that had reached Template:Cvt. The 1960 383 engines featured the same basic ram induction system as the Chrysler 300F's 413 RB engines (named Sonoramic Commando when sold in Plymouth form). The later 383 Magnum (starting in 1968) used the 440 Magnum heads, camshaft, and exhaust manifolds. This engine was advertised at Template:Cvt.

Template:Hidden begin

Template:Hidden end

400Edit

The Template:Cvt B engine was introduced in 1972 to replace the venerable 383, and were power-rated via the net (installed) method. Chrysler increased the bore size of the 383 to create the 400. Its bore of Template:Convert was the largest used in any production Chrysler V8 at the date of its introduction. All parts except for the pistons were interchangeable between the 383 and 400.

Crankshafts were made of cast iron. Three versions of this engine were available: a two-barrel/single-exhaust version producing Template:Cvt at 4,400 rpm and Template:Cvt of torque at 2,400 rpm, a four-barrel/single-exhaust version producing Template:Cvt at 4,400 rpm, and a high-performance four-barrel/dual-exhaust version rated at Template:Cvt at 4,800 rpm and Template:Cvt of torque at 3,200 rpm. All three versions used the same 8.2:1 compression ratio. The 400 was used in car, truck, and motorhome chassis. Horsepower and torque ratings gradually declined through the years because of the addition of more federally mandated emissions controls, until all Chrysler passenger vehicle big-block production ceased in 1978. For its last year of production, it only produced Template:Cvt (although a heavy-duty version was also available).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Due to its large factory bore size, short (compared to RB engines) deck height, and bottom end strength that is greater than any other production B or RB engine due to extra material added around the main bearing caps,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 400 B engine blocks have become a popular choice for high-performance engine build-ups.

RB enginesEdit

The RB engines, produced from 1959 to 1979, are raised-block (taller) versions of the B engines. All RB engines have a Template:Cvt stroke, with the bore being the defining factor in engine size. All RB wedge engines share a deck height of Template:Cvt, and were fitted with Template:Cvt long connecting rods, resulting in a 1.80:1 rod ratio. Bore center distance is Template:Cvt. All RBs are oversquare.

Template:Anchor 383Edit

File:1959 Chrysler B-series 383ci V8 engine in a Windsor.jpg
RB 383 "Golden Lion" engine in a 1959 Windsor

Not to be confused with the 383 B engine, the 383 RB had a Template:Cvt bore combined with the long stroke of Template:Convert, for a displacement of Template:Cvt. It was only available in 1959 and 1960 on the U.S.-built Chrysler Windsors and Saratogas; one of Trenton Engine's lines had been converted to the new RB engine (to make the 413), and demand for the 383 B engine was too high for the remaining line. The solution was to create a 383 RB to fill the gap until the plant figured out how to quickly switch from one block to the other.

413Edit

The Template:Cvt RB was used from 1959 to 1965 in cars. It was also used in medium and heavy trucks including truck-tractors such as the C-1000, up until 1979. It has a bore of 4.1875 inches. During that period, it powered almost all Chrysler New Yorker and all Imperial models, and was also available on the lesser Chryslers, Dodge Polara, Dodge Monaco, and Plymouth Fury as an alternative to the B-block 383 and the A-block 318. It was also fitted to some European cars such as the later Facel Vega Facel II.

In the 1959 Chrysler 300E, the 413 wedge was fitted with inline dual four-barrel carburetors; it was factory-rated at Template:Cvt at 5,000 rpm and Template:Cvt at 3,600 rpm.<ref name="Atherton">Template:Cite book</ref> In 1960, a long-tube ram induction system was made standard on the Chrysler 300. It continued as standard on the 1961 300-G, and remained on the option sheets for Chrysler 300s through 1964. In 1962, a special version known as the "Max Wedge" was made available for drag racing and street use; this version produced Template:Cvt at 5,000 rpm.

Engine specifications
Model years Fuel system Power Torque Compression ratio
1959–1961 4-barrel carburetor Template:Cvt at 4600 rpm Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm 10.0:1
1959 2 × 4-barrel carbs Template:Cvt at 5000 rpm Template:Cvt at 3600 rpm
1960–1961 Template:Cvt at 5000 rpm Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm
1962 4-barrel carb Template:Cvt at 4600 rpm Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm 10.1:1
1962 2 × 4-barrel carbs Template:Cvt at 5000 rpm Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm
1963-1965 4-barrel carb Template:Cvt at 4600 rpm Template:Cvt at 2800 rpm
1963-1964 2 × 4-barrel carbs Template:Cvt at 4800 rpm Template:Cvt at 3600 rpm

426 WedgeEdit

File:1966 Dodge Charger (5184677542).jpg
1966 Dodge Charger engine bay

Not to be confused with the 426 Hemi, the Template:Cvt RB was a wedge-head RB block with a Template:Cvt bore. The 426 Wedge served as Chrysler's main performance engine until the introduction of the 426 Hemi. It was initially offered as the "non-catalogued" option S42 in Chryslers (the number of such produced is uncertain), offered with Template:Cvt via a single 4-barrel carburetor (11.0:1 or 12.0:1 compression ratio, respectively), or Template:Cvt via ram-inducted dual four-barrel carburetors (with the same compression ratios).<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> For 1963, horsepower ratings would slightly increase (see below), and it became optional in B-bodied Dodges and Plymouths. After 1963, it would be used only in Dodges and Plymouths.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The Max Wedge was a race-only version of the 426 Wedge engine offered from the factory. Known as the Super Stock Plymouth and Ramcharger Dodge, the Max Wedge featured high-flow cylinder heads developed through then state-of-the-art airflow testing.<ref name="Atherton"/> It had Template:Cvt exhaust valves, which required the cylinder bores to be notched for clearance. The blocks were a special severe-duty casting with larger oil-feed passages than other RB engines, and were stress-relieved by the factory. Induction came by means of a cross-ram intake manifold tuned for peak power above 4000 rpm and two Carter AFB-3447SA 4-barrel carburetors. The Max Wedge also included high-flow cast-iron exhaust manifolds that, on the later versions, resembled steel tube headers. The Max Wedge was factory rated at Template:Cvt (depending on compression), and Template:Cvt at 4400 rpm.

Before the end of the 1963 model year, Chrysler introduced the Stage II Max Wedge with improved combustion chamber design and an improved camshaft. The last performance year for the Max Wedge was the 1964 Stage III. The factory-advertised power rating never changed despite the Stage II and III improvements.

A 426 Street Wedge engine was also available in 1964 and 1965. An increased-bore version of the standard New Yorker 413 single 4-barrel engine, it bears little relation to the Max Wedge except for basic architecture and dimensions. It was available only in B-body cars (Plymouth and Dodge) and light-duty Dodge D Series trucks.

440Edit

File:SC06 1971 Plymouth 'Cuda 440 engine.jpg
440 6-Barrel RB V8 in a 1971 Plymouth Barracuda

The Template:Cvt RB was produced from 1965 until 1978, making it the last version of the Chrysler RB block. It had a light wall construction, precision cast-iron block, with iron heads and a bore of Template:Cvt, for an overall displacement of Template:Cvt.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

From 1967 to 1971, the high-performance version was rated at Template:Cvt (Template:Cvt in 1971) at 4,600 rpm and Template:Cvt at 3,200 rpm of torque with a single 4-barrel carburetor,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and from 1969 to 1971, the highest-output version had an intake setup with 3×2-barrel Holley carburetors ("440 Six Pack" for Dodge, "440 6-BBL" for Plymouth) producing Template:Cvt at 4,700 rpm (Template:Cvt in 1971) and Template:Cvt at 3,200 rpm of torque.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1972, changes were made to the horsepower ratings of vehicle engines from gross (engine only, without air cleaner, exhaust system, alternator, or other power-consuming components) to net (with alternator, air cleaner, mufflers, and other vehicle equipment installed). The new rating system produced lower, more realistic numbers for any given engine. At the same time, emissions regulations were demanding cleaner exhaust. Engines including the 440 were made with reduced compression, modified cam timing, and other tuning measures to comply with the newly tightened emissions regulations. The 1972 440 produced Template:Cvt (gross) at 4400 rpm; the new net rating was Template:Cvt—which very closely coincided with period German DIN ratings and TÜV measurements.

The high-output 440 (4-barrel/mild cam/dual exhausts) was marketed as the Magnum in Dodges, the Super Commando in Plymouths, and the TNT in Chryslers. From 1972 to 1974, the engine (detuned to run on unleaded gasoline) was rated at Template:Cvt net, and dropped in horsepower each year until 1978, when it was rated at Template:Cvt (in police specification) and limited to Chrysler New Yorkers, Chrysler Newports, Dodge Monaco Police Pursuits, and Plymouth Fury Police Pursuits. It was also available in marine and heavy-duty commercial applications until that year.

Template:Hidden begin

Template:Hidden end

Crate enginesEdit

Chrysler also offers complete new 'crate' engines through its Mopar parts division in various displacements. These engines are built from entirely new parts.

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

External linksEdit

Template:Sister project

Retrieved from "https://zalansite.site/mediawiki/index.php?title=Chrysler_B_engine&oldid=516104"