Close front unrounded vowel

Template:Short description Template:Infobox IPA Template:IPA vowels

File:Spectrogram of close front unrounded vowel (IPA i).png

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Sagittal section of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound Template:Angbr IPA. Note that a wavy glottis in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.

The close front unrounded vowel, or high front unrounded vowel,<ref>Template:Vowel terminology</ref> is a type of vowel sound that occurs in most spoken languages, represented in the International Phonetic Alphabet by the symbol i. It is similar to the vowel sound in the English word meet—and often called long-e in American English.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Although in English this sound has additional length (usually being represented as {{#invoke:IPA|main}}) and is not normally pronounced as a pure vowel (it is a slight diphthong), some dialects have been reported to pronounce the phoneme as a pure sound.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> A pure {{#invoke:IPA|main}} sound is also heard in many other languages, such as French, in words like chic.

The close front unrounded vowel is the vocalic equivalent of the palatal approximant {{#invoke:IPA|main}}. They alternate with each other in certain languages, such as French, and in the diphthongs of some languages, {{#invoke:IPA|main}} with the non-syllabic diacritic and {{#invoke:IPA|main}} are used in different transcription systems to represent the same sound.

Languages that use the Latin script commonly use the letter Template:Angle bracket to represent this sound, though there are some exceptions: in English orthography that letter is usually associated with {{#invoke:IPA|main}} (as in bite) or {{#invoke:IPA|main}} (as in bit), and {{#invoke:IPA|main}} is more commonly represented by Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket or Template:Angle bracket, as in the words scene, bean, meet, niece, conceive; (see Great Vowel Shift). Irish orthography reflects both etymology and whether preceding consonants are broad or slender, so such combinations as Template:Angle bracket, Template:Angle bracket, and Template:Angle bracket all represent {{#invoke:IPA|main}}.

FeaturesEdit

Template:Close vowel Template:Front vowel Template:Unrounded vowel

OccurrenceEdit

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Afrikaans Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'thief'	See Afrikaans phonology
Arabic	StandardTemplate:Sfnp	lang}}/diin	main}}	'religion'	See Arabic phonology
Catalan Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'sic'	See Catalan phonology
Chinese	Mandarin Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'seven'	See Standard Chinese phonology
Chuvash		çип	[ɕ̬ip]	'thread'
Czech Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'white'	See Czech phonology
Dutch Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'beet'	See Dutch phonology
English Template:Sfnp	Most dialects	free	Template:Audio-IPA	'free'	main}}. See English phonology
English Template:Sfnp	Australian Template:Sfnp	bit	main}}	'bit'	Also described as near-close front Template:IPAblink.Template:Sfnp See Australian English phonology
French Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'finished'	See French phonology
German Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'goal'	See Standard German phonology
Greek	Modern StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	lang}} / kípos	main}}	'garden'	See Modern Greek phonology
Hebrew Template:Citation needed	Modern Standard	lang}}	main}}	'thinking'	See Modern Hebrew phonology
Hungarian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'arch'	See Hungarian phonology
Italian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'rage'	See Italian phonology
Japanese Template:Sfnp		lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'silver'	See Japanese phonology
Khmer		lang}} / Template:Transliteration	main}}	'doctrine'	See Khmer phonology
Korean Template:Sfnp		lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	main}}	'child'	See Korean phonology
Kurdish Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	Kurmanji (Northern)	lang}}	{{#invoke:IPA\|main}}	'milk'	See Kurdish phonology
	Sorani (Central)	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}/şîr
	Palewani (Southern)	{{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}/şîr
Lithuanian		lang}}	main}}	'man'	See Lithuanian orthography
Malay	Malaysian Malay	ikut	[i.kʊt]	'to follow'	See Malay phonology
Malayalam		ഇല	main}}	'leaf'	See Malayalam phonology
Mpade Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'monkey'
Polish Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'teddy bear'	See Polish phonology
Portuguese Template:Sfnp		lang}}	Template:Audio-IPA	'thin'	Also occurs as an unstressed allophone of other vowels. May be represented by Template:Angle bracket. See Portuguese phonology
Romanian Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'island'	See Romanian phonology
Rungus<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>		lang}}	main}}	'to come'
Russian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/list	Template:Audio-IPA	'leaf'	Only occurs word-initially or after palatalized consonants. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian Template:Sfnp		lang}} / {{#invoke:Lang\|lang}}	main}}	'hayfork'	See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Spanish Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'type'	May also be represented by Template:Angle bracket. See Spanish phonology
Sotho Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'to call'	Contrasts close, near-close and close-mid front unrounded vowels.Template:Sfnp See Sotho phonology
Swedish	Central StandardTemplate:Sfnp Template:Sfnp	lang}}	main}}	'to become'	main}} or {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} (hear the word: Template:Audio-IPA); it may also be fricated {{#invoke:IPA\|main}} or, in some regions, fricated and centralized (Template:IPAblink).Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp See Swedish phonology
Tagalog		lang}}	main}}	'bird'
Thai Template:Sfnp		lang}}/krit	main}}	'dagger'
Turkish Template:Sfnp Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'rope'	See Turkish phonology
Ukrainian Template:Sfnp		lang}}/misto	main}}	'city, town'	See Ukrainian phonology
Welsh		es i	[eːs iː]	'I went'	See Welsh phonology
Yoruba Template:Sfnp		lang}}	main}}	'spoon'

NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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