Common rock thrush
Template:Short description Template:Speciesbox
The common rock thrush (Monticola saxatilis),<ref>English Name Updates - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011) Template:Webarchive, IOC World Bird List</ref> also known as rufous-tailed rock thrush or simply rock thrush, is a chat belonging to the family Muscicapidae. It was formerly placed in the family Turdidae. The scientific name is from Latin. Monticola is from mons, montis "mountain", and colere, "to dwell", and saxatilis means "rock-frequenting", from saxum, "stone" .<ref name =job>Template:Cite book.</ref>
It breeds in southern Europe across Central Asia to northern China. This species is strongly migratory, all populations wintering in Africa south of the Sahara. It is an uncommon visitor to northern Europe. Its range has contracted somewhat at the periphery in recent decades due to habitat destruction. For example, in the early 20th century it bred in the Jura Krakowsko-Częstochowska (Poland) where none occur today,<ref>Tomek, Teresa & Bocheński, Zygmunt (2005): "Weichselian and Holocene bird remains from Komarowa Cave, Central Poland". Acta zoologica cracoviensia 48A(1-2): 43-65.</ref> but it is not considered globally endangered.<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" />
DescriptionEdit
This is a medium-sized but stocky thrush 17–20 cm in length. The summer male is unmistakable, with a blue-grey head, orange underparts and outer tail feathers, dark brown wings and white back. Females and immatures are much less striking, with dark brown scaly upperparts, and paler brown scaly underparts. The outer tail feathers are reddish, like the male.<ref name=Clement>Clement, Peter & Hathaway, Ren (2000): Thrushes. Christopher Helm, London. Template:ISBN</ref>
Behaviour and ecologyEdit
This species breeds in open dry hilly areas, usually above 1500 m. It nests in rock cavities, laying 4–5 eggs. It is omnivorous, eating a wide range of insects, berries and small reptiles. The male common rock thrush has a clear and tuneful song.<ref name=Clement/>
GalleryEdit
- Common rock thrush.jpg
Common rock thrush, Boulmane de Dades, Morocco
- Monticola saxatilis MWNH 1830.JPG
Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden