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Counts of Toggenburg

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The counts of Toggenburg (Grafen von Toggenburg) ruled the Toggenburg region of today's canton of St. Gallen, Switzerland, and adjacent areas during the 13th to 15th centuries.

A baronial family of Toggenburg is mentioned in the 11th and 12th centuries, but their genealogical connection to the comital family is unclear. They are named for their ancestral seat, now known as Alt-Toggenburg, near Kirchberg, St. Gallen. The castle was built in the 10th or 11th century, and was destroyed in 1085 in a conflict with the Abbot of St. Gallen, later rebuilt and in 1226 given to St. Gallen Abbey by count Diethelm of Toggenburg.

The family is attested from the early 13th century, as Toccanburg, later Tochimburc. Diethelm I (possible mention 1176, died 1205 or 1207) was followed by Diethelm II (possible mention 1210, died c. 1230). Either of these was the beneficiary of the inheritance of a number of local noble families (among these Alt-Rapperswil) in c. 1200 and adopted the title of comes (count) from 1209. In 1187, one Werner of Toggenburg became abbot of Einsiedeln. The legend of a Saint Ida of Toggenburg is recorded in 1481, making her the wife of a count of Toggenburg, possibly either Diethelm, or one Heinrich. According to the legend, the husband defenestrated his innocent wife on suspicion of adultery. She survived and lived as an anchoress in Fischingen. Her veneration there is attested for 1410.

The early counts were in competition with St. Gallen Abbey, the bishops of Constance and the counts of Kyburg. The inheritance disputes motivated the donation of religious establishments in Bubikon, Rüti, Oberbollingen and Wurmsbach in the 1190s, and a fratricide by one Diethelm (fl. 1209–36) of his brother Rudolf in 1226.

On 23 April 1398 Count Donat von Toggenburg donated the church of Elsow as benefice for the new Allerheiligenaltar at the grave of the Toggenburg family, for the "salvation of the soul of his daughter Menta von Toggenburg" who had died shortly before.<ref name="staatsarchiv-1398">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Count Fridrich von Toggenburg, Herr zu Brettengow und Tafas donated to "his own and the salvation of his ancestors who were buried" (at the Rüti church) "and where he also expects to be buried," the church, rights and lands (Kirchwidem and Kirchensatz) in Wangen in der March to the Rüti Abbey, sealed by Fridrich and the knights Herman von Landenberg, Johans von Bonstetten from Ustra and Herman von der Hochenlandenberg on 21 January 1407.<ref name="staatsarchiv-1407">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1436, the death of the last count, Frederick VII, Count of Toggenburg, led to the Old Zurich War over the succession. Friedrich VII was later buried in a chapel, the so-called Toggenburger Kapelle (capella nova in latere monasterii de novo construxit) given by his noble wife, Elisabeth Countess of Toggenburg, née von Mätsch.<ref name="klosterarchiv">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="staatsarchiv-elisabethvonmätsch">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Elisabeth spent her last days in the Rüti Abbey, writing on 20 June 1442 that she had retreated there (unser wesen gentzlich in dasselbe gotzhus got zuo dienende gezogen habe) and desired her tomb to be with her husband's.<ref name="staatsarchiv-1442">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 11 June 1443 marauding troops of the Old Swiss Confederacy devastated the monastery and desecrated the bodies of the nobles, including Count Friedrich VII whom they held responsible for the war with Zürich. 14 members of the family were buried in the Toggenburg vault in the church of the Rüti Abbey.

List of countsEdit

House of ToggenburgEdit

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Ruler Born Reign Ruling part Consort Death Notes
Diethelm I ? fl.1044<ref name="UZ">Urkundenbuch Zürich, Band I (1888), 233, p. 125. </ref> Lordship of Toggenburg Unknown
at least two children 		? First documented lord of Toggenburg,<ref name="UZ"/> probably the founder of the family.
Berthold ?
Son of Diethelm I 		fl.1044<ref name="UZ"/> Lordship of Toggenburg Unknown ? Probably brothers, confirm the same document as their father.<ref name="UZ"/> It's not known if he succeeded him, or if the succession went through his brother Ulrich.
Ulrich ?
Son of Diethelm I 		Unknown ?
Fulknand ?
Son of Ulrich or Fulknand 		? – 1081 Lordship of Toggenburg Unknown 1081<ref>Casuum Sancti Galli Cont. II, Cap. 7, MGH SS II, p. 158.</ref> Probably brothers, it's not known which one succeeded the previous count. It's probable, however, that these belonged to the next generation. There's also an unnamed Toggenburg belonging to Fulknand and Diethelm II's generation, who married a woman named Irmgard (died in January of known year).<ref>Wyss, Ex Libro Vitæ Einsidlensi [Liber Heremi] (1885), p. 345. </ref>
Template:Ill ?
Son of Ulrich or Fulknand 		1081 – 1102? Lordship of Toggenburg Unknown After 14 July 1102<ref>Quellen zur Schweizer Geschichte (Basel, 1881), Band III, 39, p. 65. </ref>
Diethelm III ?
Son of Template:Ill 		c.1102 – c.1146 Lordship of Toggenburg Unknown c.1146<ref name="WU">Württembergisches Urkundenbuch II, CCCXXIII, p. 38. </ref> Has a known sister, Kunigunde, who married a nobleman from the Stühlingen family.<ref name="WU"/>
Template:Ill ?
Son of Diethelm III 		c.1146 – 1176? Lordship of Toggenburg Ita of Thierstein<ref>Cod Giessensis Nr. 176, fol. 234, included as Genealogiæ Comitum et Marchionum sæc XII et XIII, in MGH SS XXIV, p. 78. </ref> (Saint Ida of Toggenburg?)
(d. 19 August 1200/1226?)
one child 		c.1176<ref>Regesta Episcoporum Constantiensium, Band I (Innsbruck, 1895), 1038, p. 116. </ref>
Diethelm V File:Diethelm von Toggenburg (d.1207) tomb.jpg c.1140
Son of Template:Ill (and Ita?) 		c.1176 – 1207<ref name="Toggenburg SG">Template:HLS</ref> Lordship of Toggenburg Ita?<ref>Cod Giessensis Nr. 176, fol. 234, included as Genealogiæ Comitum et Marchionum sæc XII et XIII, in MGH SS XXIV, p. 78.</ref> (of Kirchberg?) (Saint Ida of Toggenburg?)
one/two children 		4 January 1205 or 5 January 1207<ref>Urkundenbuch Zürich, Band I (1888), p. 235. </ref>
aged ar. 64–67		 Gave an important donation to Ritterhaus Bubikon c.1192. He was buried there and is also represented there in a fresco with his family.
Template:Ill File:Diethelm II.png c.1160
First son of Diethelm V (and Ita of Kirchberg?) 		c. 1207–1209<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Lordship of Toggenburg Guta of Rapperswil<ref>Sankt-Gallen Urkundenbuch, Teil III, 842, p. 58.</ref> (Saint Ida of Toggenburg?)
(1170-24 November 1227 or after 1227)
before or c. 1209
three children 		1230
aged ar. 69–70 		Probably ruled jointly. Diethelm was numbered VI as lord. In 1209 the brothers were raised to counts. After Frederick's assassination, Diethelm rule alone.
1209–1230<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg
Frederick I File:Frederick I.png c.1160
Second son of Diethelm V (and Ita?) 		c. 1207–1209<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Lordship of Toggenburg Unmarried c.1217<ref>Urkundenbuch Zürich, Band I (1888), 383, p. 269. </ref>
aged ar. 53–54
1209–1217<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg
Diethelm II the Younger 1209
Son of Template:Ill and Guta of Rapperswil 		1230 – 25 January 1235<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Gertrude of Neuchâtel
c.1220 or January 1221
nine children 		25 January 1235<ref>Sankt-Gallen Urkundenbuch, Teil III, 871, p. 85. </ref>
aged 25–26
Frederick II c.1220
Son of Diethelm II and Gertrude of Neuchâtel 		25 January 1235 – 28 April 1284<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Unmarried 28 April 1284
aged ar. 63–64 		Frederick, Diethelm and Kraft ruled jointly as sons of Diethelm II. After Kraft's death, he was replaced in the co-rulership with the former's two eldest sons, Diethelm and Kraft II.
Template:Ill File:Kraft von Toggenburg.jpg 1228
Son of Diethelm II and Gertrude of Neuchâtel 		25 January 1235 – 15 July 1249/54<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Elisabeth of Bussnang
(d. after 13 January 1277)<ref>Pupikofer, J. A. (1828) Geschichte des Thurgaus, Erste Hälfte (Zürich), Urkunden, 12, p. 20. </ref>
three children 		15 July 1249 or 1254<ref>Bern Urkunden, Band I, p. 464.</ref>
aged ar. 21–26
Diethelm III c.1220
Son of Diethelm II and Gertrude of Neuchâtel 		25 January 1235 – 4 September 1248<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Elisabeth
c.1247 (before October)
no children 		4 September 1248
aged ar. 27–28
Diethelm IV c.1240?
Son of Template:Ill and Elisabeth of Bussnang 		1249 – 1282/3<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Unmarried After 23 April 1282<ref>Herrgott (1737), Vol. III, DCV, p. 504</ref> or 1283
aged ar. 41–42
Kraft II c.1240?
Son of Template:Ill and Elisabeth of Bussnang 		1249 – 1261<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Unmarried 1261
aged ar. 20–21
Template:Ill 1244?
Son of Template:Ill and Elisabeth of Bussnang 		28 April 1284 – 1305/9<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Clementia of Werdenberg
(1246-28 February 1282)<ref>Clementia von Montfort</ref>
five children 		7 December 1305 or 17 January 1309<ref>Still living in 1303, according to Urkundenbuch Landschaft Basel (1881), Vol. 1, no. 158.</ref>
aged ar. 59–65
Kraft III c.1280?
Son of Template:Ill and Clementia of Werdenberg 		1305/9 – 7 March 1339<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Unmarried 7 March 1339<ref>MGH, Necrologia Germaniæ, Band I, p. 558. </ref>
aged ar. 58–59 		Children of Frederick III, ruled jointly.
Template:Ill<ref>Friedrich IV, Graf von Toggenburg</ref> c.1280
Son of Template:Ill and Clementia of Werdenberg 		1305/9 – 15 November 1315<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Ida of Frohburg-Homberg
(d.19 March 1316/28<ref>MGH, Necrologia Germaniæ, Band I, p. 540. </ref>)
five children 		15 November 1315<ref name="SGU">Frederick IV was dead by 1319, according to Sankt-Gallen Urkundenbuch, Teil III, 1251, p. 412. </ref><ref>Scherrer, G. (1874) Kleine Toggenburger Chroniken (St. Gallen), p. 2.</ref>
Morgarten
aged ar. 34–35
Template:Ill c. 1300?
Son of Template:Ill and Ida of Frohburg-Homberg 		15 November 1315 – 21 September 1337<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Adelaide of Griesenberg
(d.1371)
two children 		21 September 1337
Grinau
aged ar. 36–37 		Children of Frederick IV, ruled jointly<ref name="SGU"/> and with their uncle Kraft III until the latter's death in 1339<ref>Sankt-Gallen Urkundenbuch, Teil III, 1251, p. 412.</ref>
Template:Ill <ref>Friedrich V, Graf von Toggenburg</ref> File:Rüti - Kloster - Kirche - Toggenburgergruft 2011-01-17 14-41-34 ShiftN.jpg c.1300?
Son of Template:Ill and Ida of Frohburg-Homberg 		15 November 1315 – 5 February 1364<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Kunigunde of Vaz
(1308 - February 1364)<ref>Kunigunde von Vaz</ref>
23 April 1337
ten children 		5 February 1364<ref>Last charter dated 22 March 1363. Date of death proposed at Cur-Rätiens Urkunden, Band III (1858), 107, p. 166.</ref>
aged ar. 63–64
Frederick VI 1349
First son of Template:Ill and Kunigunde of Vaz 		5 February 1364 – January/May 1375<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg Unmarried 22 January/28 May 1375
aged 25–26 		Sons of Frederick V, ruled jointly.
Template:Ill <ref>Diethelm VI, Graf von Toggenburg</ref> 1353
Second son of Template:Ill and Kunigunde of Vaz 		5 February 1364 – 27 December 1385<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Katharina of Werdenberg-Heiligenberg
(1355-30 June 1395)<ref>Katharina von Werdenberg-Heilingenberg</ref>
three children 		27 December 1385
aged 31–32
Template:Ill <ref name="staatsarchiv-1398"/><ref name="Toggenburg SG"/><ref>Donat von Toggenburg</ref> 1358
Third son of Template:Ill and Kunigunde of Vaz 		5 February 1364 – 7 November 1400<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> Agnes of Habsburg-Laufenburg
(1387-1425)<ref>Agnes von Habsburg-Laufenburg</ref>
two children 		7 November 1400<ref>MGH, Necrologia Germaniæ, Band I, p. 453. </ref>
aged 41–42
Frederick VII File:Friderici VII Toggenburg.jpg c. 1380
Son of Template:Ill and Katharina of Werdenberg-Heiligenberg 		7 November 1400 – 30 April 1436<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/> County of Toggenburg c.1410/30
three children 		30 April 1436<ref>By 28 September of that year, he was already dead, according to Bergmann, J. ‘Urkunden der vier vorarlbergischen Herrschaftern und der Grafen von Montfort’, Archiv für Kunde österreichischen Geschichts-Quellen, Band I (Vienna, 1848) (“Bergmann ‘Grafen von Montfort’ (1848)”), Heft IV, LXIX, p. 25. </ref>
Feldkirch
aged 55–56 		After his death, and with no surviving children, he left his wife as his heir.
Elisabeth of Mätsch File:Der letzte Toggenburger.jpg c.1370
Daughter of Template:Ill and Agnes of Kirchberg 		30 April 1436 – 24 November 1446 County of Toggenburg 24 November 1446<ref name="Toggenburg SG"/>
aged 75–76 		Widow and heiress of Frederick VII.

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