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County Monaghan

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}}Template:Main other County Monaghan (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Langx) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.<ref name=cso2022/>

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.

Geography and subdivisionsEdit

County Monaghan is the fifth-smallest of the Republic's 26 counties by area, and the fourth smallest by population.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> It is the smallest of Ulster's nine counties in terms of population.

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BaroniesEdit

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Civil parishes and townlandsEdit

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Towns and villagesEdit

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Largest townsEdit

As of the 2022 census:

  1. Monaghan – 7,894<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  1. Carrickmacross – 5,745<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  1. Castleblayney – 3,926<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  1. Clones – 1,885<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  1. Ballybay – 1,329<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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GeographyEdit

File:Shannahergoa Townland - geograph.org.uk - 168118.jpg
Shannahergoa countryside.

Notable mountains include Slieve Beagh (on the Tyrone and Fermanagh borders), Mullyash Mountain and Coolberrin Hill (214 m, 702 ft). Lakes include Lough Avaghon, Dromore Lough, Drumlona Lough, Lough Egish, Emy Lough, Lough Fea, Inner Lough (in Dartrey Forest), Muckno Lough and White Lough. Notable rivers include the River Fane (along the Louth border), the River Glyde (along the Louth and Meath borders), the Ulster Blackwater (along the Tyrone border), and the Dromore River (along the Cavan border, linking Cootehill to Ballybay).

Monaghan has a number of forests, including Rossmore Forest and Dartrey Forest. Managed by Coillte since 1988, the majority of trees are conifers. Because of a long history of intensive farming and recent intensive forestry practices, only small pockets of native woodland remain.

The Finn Bridge is a border crossing point over the River Finn to County Fermanagh. It is close to Scotshouse.

File:Clones Round Tower - geograph.org.uk - 289630.jpg
Clones Round Tower

GeologyEdit

Lead used to be mined in County Monaghan. Mines included Annaglogh Lead Mines and Lisdrumgormley Lead Mines.

HistoryEdit

Monaghan has a number of ancient burial sites (court cairns, dolmens and wedge tombs) spread across the county.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

In 1585, the English Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir John Perrot, visited the area and met the Irish chieftains. They requested that Ulster be divided into counties and land in the kingdom of Airgíalla be apportioned to the local chiefs. A commission was established to accomplish this and County Monaghan came into being. The county was subdivided into five baronies: Farney, Cremorne, Dartrey, and Monaghan controlled by MacMahon and Truagh by McKenna.

After the defeat of the rebellion of The Earl of Tyrone and the Ulster chieftains in 1603, the county was not planted like the other counties of Ulster. The lands were instead left in the hands of the native chieftains. In the Irish Rebellion of 1641, the McMahons and their allies joined the general rebellion of Irish Catholics. Following their defeat, some colonisation of the county took place by Scottish and English families.

Inland waterwaysEdit

County Monaghan is traversed by the derelict Ulster Canal.<ref name="Hajducki">Template:Cite book</ref> However, Waterways Ireland are embarking on a scheme to reopen the canal from Lough Erne into Clones.

RailwaysEdit

The Ulster Railway linked Template:Rws with Template:Rws and Belfast in 1858 and with the Dundalk and Enniskillen Railway at Template:Rws in 1863.<ref name=Hajducki/>Template:Rp It became part of the Great Northern Railway (GNR) in 1876.<ref name=Hajducki/>Template:Rp The partition of Ireland in 1922 turned the boundary with County Armagh into an international frontier, after which trains were routinely delayed by customs inspections. In 1957, the Government of Northern Ireland made the GNR Board close the line between Template:Rws and Armagh, and all lines between Armagh and County Monaghan. This left the GNR Board with no option but to withdraw passenger services between Armagh and Clones as well.<ref name=Hajducki/>Template:Rp CIÉ took over the remaining section of line between Clones, Monaghan and Glaslough in 1958, but withdrew goods services between Monaghan and Glaslough in 1959 and between Clones and Monaghan in 1960, leaving Monaghan with no railway service.<ref name=Hajducki/>Template:Rp

Governance and politicsEdit

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Local governmentEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} At the 2019 local election, County Monaghan was divided into three local electoral areas, each of formed a municipal district: Ballybay–Clones, Carrickmacross–Castleblayney, and Monaghan.<ref>Template:Cite Irish legislation</ref>

2019 local election
Monaghan County Council
Party Seats Change
Sinn Féin 6 −1
Fine Gael 5 =
Fianna Fáil 4 =
Independent 3 +1

Former districtsEdit

The towns of Ballybay, Carrickmacross, Castleblayney, Clones and Monaghan were formerly represented by nine-member town councils which dealt with local matters such as the provision of utilities and housing.<ref>[1] Template:Webarchive</ref> These were abolished in 2014 under the Local Government Reform Act 2014.

National politicsEdit

For elections to Dáil Éireann, the county is part of the constituency of Cavan–Monaghan which elects five TDs.<ref name="ea-2017">Template:Cite Irish legislation</ref> In the 2011 general election, there was a voter turnout of 72.7%.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} - Election 2011 Cavan–Monaghan</ref>

For elections to the European Parliament, the county is part of the Midlands–North-West constituency.<ref>Template:Cite Irish legislation</ref>

Culture and architectureEdit

County Monaghan is the birthplace of the poet and writer Patrick Kavanagh, who based much of his work in the county. Kavanagh is one of the most significant figures in 20th-century Irish poetry. The poems "Stony Grey Soil" and "Shancoduff" refer to the county.

File:CastleLeslieSummer2006.jpg
Castle Leslie

County Monaghan has produced several successful artists. Chief among these is George Collie (1904–75), who was born in Carrickmacross and trained at the Dublin Metropolitan School of Art. He was a prolific exhibitor at the Royal Hibernian Academy throughout his lifetime and is represented by works in the collection of the National Gallery of Ireland and the Ulster Museum.

County Monaghan was also the home county of the Irish writer Sir Shane Leslie (1885–1971), 3rd Baronet of Glaslough, who lived at Castle Leslie in the north-east corner of the county. A Catholic convert, Irish nationalist and first cousin of Sir Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Leslie became an important literary figure in the early 1900s. He was a close friend of many politicians and writers of the day including the American novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940), who dedicated his second novel, The Beautiful and Damned, to Leslie.

Monaghan County Museum is recognised as one of the leading provincial museums in Ireland, with a Council of Europe Award (1980), among others, to its credit. Located in Hill Street, Monaghan Town, the museum aims to reflect the history of County Monaghan and its people in all its richness and diversity.

The best of the county's architecture developed in the Georgian and Victorian periods and ranges from the dignified public spaces of Church Square and The Diamond in Monaghan Town to the great country houses of Lough Fea, Carrickmacross; Hilton Park, Clones and Castle Leslie, Glaslough.

Significant ecclesiastical buildings include St Joseph's Catholic Church in Carrickmacross; the Gothic-Revival St Patrick's Church of Ireland Church, Monaghan Town, and St Macartan's Catholic Cathedral, Monaghan Town, by James Joseph McCarthy (1817–1882).

EconomyEdit

Agriculture is a significant part of the County Monaghan economy, employing about 12% of the population in 2011 (compared with 5% nationally).<ref name=Socio>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The county is the main source of egg supplies in the Republic of Ireland.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Notable peopleEdit

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Literature and scholarshipEdit

  • John Robert Gregg (1867–1948) – Pioneer of modern shorthand writing.<ref>Cowan, Leslie. "John Robert Gregg: A Biography". Oxford: The Pre-Raphaelite Press, 1984, p. 11.</ref>
  • Sir Tyrone Guthrie (1900–1971) – Writer, theatrical director and founder of the Tyrone Guthrie Centre.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref> Born in Royal Tunbridge Wells, his maternal grandmother was from Newbliss. He settled at Annaghmakerrig House in County Monaghan late in his life.

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  • Patrick McCabe (born 1955) – Novelist and member of Aosdána<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Evelyn Shirley – Writer and antiquarian. Resided at Lough Fea House near Carrickmacross.

Politics and militaryEdit

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SportEdit

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Music and entertainmentEdit

  • Oliver Callan (born 1980), satirist and mimic, born County Monaghan<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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  • Ryan Sheridan, singer and guitarist<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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ActingEdit

ArtEdit

ReligionEdit

Twin citiesEdit

Template:See also County Monaghan is twinned with the following places:

See alsoEdit

NotesEdit

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External linksEdit

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