Dan Lipinski

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Daniel William Lipinski (born July 15, 1966) is an American politician and political scientist who served eight terms as the U.S. representative for Illinois's 3rd congressional district from 2005 to 2021. A member of the Blue Dog Coalition, Lipinski was one of the most socially conservative Democrats in Congress.<ref name=":5" />

A conservative, Lipinski did not endorse President Barack Obama in the 2012 United States presidential election. Lipinski opposed legalized abortion and embryonic stem cell research and was one of 39 House Democrats to vote against the Affordable Care Act.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He served a district whose Democratic Party electorate became increasingly liberal during his time in Congress,<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":6" /> leading to his defeat in the Democratic primary for the 2020 election by Marie Newman.<ref name="NewmanWins" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Early life, education, and careerEdit

Lipinski was born in Chicago, the son of Rose Marie (née Lapinski) and former U.S. Congressman Bill Lipinski.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He attended St. Ignatius College Prep, graduating in 1984.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He received a B.S. in mechanical engineering from the Robert R. McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science at Northwestern University in 1988, an M.S. in engineering-economic systems from Stanford University in 1989 and a Ph.D. in political science from Duke University in 1998.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the summer of 1992, Lipinski interned at the United States Department of Labor. He interned for U.S. Congressman George E. Sangmeister from 1993 to 1995. From 1995 to 1996 Lipinski was a legislative staff member for U.S. Congressman Jerry Costello. He then served on Cook County State's Attorney Richard A. Devine's campaign during the 1996 election season, and later on Devine's transition staff. After a short stint on then-U.S. Congressman Rod Blagojevich's staff, Lipinski served as a communications staff aide to then-House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt.Template:Citation needed

From 2000 to 2001, Lipinski taught at the University of Notre Dame. In 2001, he joined the faculty of the University of Tennessee, where he remained until his election to Congress in 2004.<ref name=":4" />

U.S. House of RepresentativesEdit

In 2004, Lipinski's father ran for re-nomination in the Democratic primary. After easily winning the nomination, the elder Lipinski announced his retirement. As the Democratic committeeman for Chicago's 23rd Ward—which is virtually coextensive with the Chicago portion of the 3rd district—he was able to persuade the state Democratic Party to select his son to replace him on the ballot. The move was somewhat controversial; since the younger Lipinski had not lived regularly in Illinois since 1989 or run for elected office before, but it allowed him to sidestep the Democratic primary—the real contest in this heavily Democratic district.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":2">Template:Cite news</ref> He then bought a home in Western Springs as his residence in the district. As expected, Lipinski defeated his Republican challenger, Ryan Chlada, in the general election. He went on to win re-election seven times.

In the 2006 Democratic primary Lipinski won 55% of the vote against two opponents, and in the general election he defeated the Republican nominee, Raymond Wardingley, with 77% of the vote. Lipinski defeated three opponents in the 2008 Democratic primary and beat Republican Michael Hawkins in the general election with 73% of the vote. In the 2010 general election Lipinski defeated Republican Michael Bendas with over 70% of the vote.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Lipinski faced Marie Newman in the 2018 Democratic primary and defeated her with 51.2% of the vote to Newman's 48.8%.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> She challenged him again in 2020,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> as did Muslim-American activist and businessman Rush Darwish<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and local resident Charles Hughes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Another primary challenger, Abe Matthew, dropped out and endorsed Newman.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Newman won the primary.<ref name="newman-leading">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="NewmanWins"/> Newman outspent Lipinski with $2,732,742.44 to Lipinski's $2,170,908.37,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> additional "outside spending" by Super PACs in the 2020 Democratic primary favored Newman with $1,557,969 against $371,941 in Lipinski's favor.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Committee assignmentsEdit

Lipinski served on two House Committees: Transportation & Infrastructure and Science, Space, & Technology. He was the most senior member from Illinois on the Transportation & Infrastructure Committee, serving on the Subcommittee on Aviation and the Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials, which he chaired. On the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, Lipinski was previously the Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on Research and sat on the Subcommittee on Energy. The district includes Argonne National Laboratory.

Caucus membershipsEdit

Blue Dog Coalition<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Congressional Arts Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Afterschool Caucuses<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Congressional Buy American Caucus (Founder and co-chair)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Bi-partisan Congressional Pro-life Caucus (Co-chair)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Blue Collar Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Veterinary Medicine Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Climate Solutions Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Problem Solvers Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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Political positionsEdit

Lipinski was one of the most socially conservative Democrats in Congress.<ref name=":5">Template:Cite news</ref> In recent years his district has been described as largely liberal,<ref name=":0">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":1">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":6">Template:Cite news</ref> but it has long been the most conservative of the eight districts in and around Chicago, with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+6; no other Chicago-based district has a PVI lower than D+15. The district earned a reputation as being home to Reagan Democrats when in the 1980 presidential election it was one of only two Chicago districts (out of nine) to be won by Republican Ronald Reagan.<ref>Guide to U.S. Elections (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. 2005. p. 1217. Template:ISBN.</ref>

Lipinski has repeatedly argued that the Democratic Party is moving too far to the left, which he believes helped Donald Trump become president.<ref name=":3">Template:Cite news</ref> As one sign of his distance from the party, during the lame duck period after both he and President Trump had been defeated, he was one of only two Democrats to vote against HR 9051 on December 28, 2020, thus voting against increasing coronavirus economic relief checks, which had been delayed for over six months, from $600 to $2000, even while 44 Republicans voted with the Democrats.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

A socially conservative Democrat, Lipinski has a lifetime score of 90% from the League of Conservation Voters,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> an F grade from the National Rifle Association,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and a 91% lifetime rating from the AFL-CIO.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He did not endorse President Barack Obama for reelection in 2012,<ref name=":7" /> opposes legalized abortion and stem cell research, was the only House Democrat from Illinois to vote against the Affordable Care Act,<ref name=":8" /> supported reauthorizing the Patriot Act in 2006, and supported the Defense of Marriage<ref name=":9" /> and First Amendment Defense Acts.<ref name=":1" /> In January 2020, Lipinski, fellow Democratic Representative Collin Peterson, 166 Republican representatives and 39 Republican senators submitted an amicus curiae brief calling on the Supreme Court to reconsider and potentially overturn Roe v. Wade and Planned Parenthood v. Casey, two cases that upheld abortion rights.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Despite his social conservatism, Lipinski voted with the Democratic Party 87% of the time while in Congress.<ref>Simone Pathe. "Gillibrand PAC Endorses Lipinski Primary Challenger in Illinois". RollCall. Retrieved 1 August 2019.</ref> In the 2020 election, Lipinski was defeated in the Democratic primary by progressive challenger Marie Newman, who had unsuccessfully challenged him in the 2018 primary election.<ref name="NewmanWins">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

American jobs and manufacturingEdit

Lipinski authored H.R. 2447, the American Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 2013, to require the federal government to produce a national strategic plan to boost advanced manufacturing in the United States every four years, much like the Quadrennial Defense Review. During a hearing of the Research and Technology Subcommittee of the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, witness Zach Mottl said this bill would create the first American strategy for manufacturing since Alexander Hamilton's "Report on Manufactures" in 1791.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The bill became law as part of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, FY2015.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The first National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing was published in October 2018.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The Office of Science and Technology Policy is currently working the next plan which the Biden administration is required to release in 2022.Template:Update inline

LGBT rightsEdit

Lipinski opposed recognition of same-sex marriage until the Supreme Court legalized it nationwide in Obergefell v. Hodges.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2011, he supported the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), which denied federal benefits to gay couples.<ref name=":9">Template:Cite news</ref> The portion of DOMA that prohibited gay marriage was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 2013; by 2015, Lipinski had not publicly changed his support for DOMA.<ref name=":1" /> Lipinski supported the First Amendment Defense Act, which would prohibit the federal government from requiring that some businesses not discriminate against same-sex couples.<ref name=":1" /> In 2009 Lipinski voted for the Hate Crimes Expansion bill, which expands the definition of hate crime and strengthens enforcement of hate-crime laws.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Lipinski also voted for the Equality Act in 2019.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2010 he voted in favor of repealing Don't ask, don't tell.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Lipinski now says he personally opposes same-sex marriage but supports the status quo "because it has been declared the law of the land."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2016, he supported the Republican version of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act, which sought to allow businesses to deny services to individuals if they felt providing service would violate their religious beliefs.<ref name=":0" />

Foreign policy and national securityEdit

After the 2014 Hong Kong class boycott campaign and Umbrella Movement broke out, Lipinski joined Senator Sherrod Brown's and Representative Chris Smith's effort to introduce the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act, which would update the United States–Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992. He expressed support for Hong Kong's autonomy and the pro-democracy protests, saying, "conducting free and fair elections by universal suffrage is a guarantee that China itself made to Hong Kong. Any effort to end these demonstrations with aggressive force or disrupt the unique government structure that exists between China and Hong Kong will have a serious impact on China's relationship with the many nations of this world that stand for democracy and freedom."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>S.2922 – Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act Template:Webarchive, Congress.gov, November 13, 2014</ref><ref>H.R.5696 – Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act Template:Webarchive, Congress.gov, November 13, 2014</ref><ref>H.R.1159 – Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act Template:Webarchive, Congress.gov, February 27, 2015</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Lipinski supports strong counter-terrorism and domestic surveillance laws. He voted for the Patriot Act re-authorization of 2006, the Protect America Act of 2007, the FISA Amendment Act of 2008, the Patriot Act Extension of 2011, and the FISA Extension of 2012. He voted against the Amash Amendment to the 2013 National Defense Authorization Act. Lipinski is one of only two Democratic lawmakers to have supported counter-terrorism and domestic surveillance laws to that extent.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

EconomyEdit

Lipinski introduced the American Manufacturing Competitiveness Act on June 12, 2012.<ref name="americanmanufacturing.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The bill would require the government to implement policies that support manufacturing products that qualify for the "Made in U.S.A." label, such as the establishment of a Manufacturing Strategy Board within the United States Department of Commerce that includes federal officials, two state governors from different parties, and nine private-sector leaders and stakeholders from the manufacturing industry.<ref name="swnewsherald.com">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The U.S. House of Representatives passed the bill on September 12, 2012, by a 339–77 vote.<ref name="americanmanufacturing.org"/>

Lipinski has proposed what he calls a "Five-Point Jobs Plan". According to Lipinski, the plan would "strengthen manufacturing, modernize our infrastructure, educate the workforce, force other countries to trade fairly and invest in innovation."<ref name="swnewsherald.com"/>

HealthcareEdit

Lipinski was the only Illinois Democrat in Congress to oppose the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), which passed the House on March 21, 2010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He said that he broke ranks with his party for a number of reasons, including the bill's provisions related to abortion.<ref name=":8">Template:Cite news</ref> Lipinski had previously voted for a version of the bill that contained more stringent restrictions on abortion funding.<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Dead link</ref> In 2017 he said he was trying to prevent Republicans from repealing Obamacare.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In October 2013 Lipinski was the primary sponsor of HR3425, which would have delayed any penalties under the PPACA until four months after the program's website was fully functional.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Abortion and stem cell researchEdit

Lipinski is anti-abortion<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and served as co-chair of the bipartisan Congressional Pro-Life Caucus.<ref name="auto"/> He was a co-sponsor of the No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In June 2013, Lipinski was one of only six Democrats in Congress who voted for a nationwide 20-week abortion ban.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2007, Lipinski voted against legislation to increase funding for embryonic stem cell research.<ref name=":2" />

ImmigrationEdit

In 2018, while facing a strong primary challenge, Lipinski expressed support for creating a pathway to citizenship for DREAMers (undocumented immigrants who were brought into the United States as minors).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Previously he voted against the DREAM Act, which would have created a pathway to citizenship for those individuals.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":3" /> In 2020, he co-sponsored and voted for the American Dream and Promise Act.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

MarijuanaEdit

Lipinski was one of six House Democrats to vote against the Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act to legalize cannabis at the federal level in 2020.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Barack ObamaEdit

At the 2008 Democratic National Convention, Lipinski was a superdelegate for Barack Obama.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Lipinski reportedly did not endorse President Barack Obama for reelection in the 2012 election.<ref name=":7">Robert Anderrson, "Illinois Democratic congressman won't endorse Obama Template:Webarchive" October 30, 2012 Medill Reports</ref>

Electoral historyEdit

Post-congressional careerEdit

Lipinski has appeared on podcasts,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> spoken publicly,<ref>Template:Citation</ref> and published writing<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> about his experience in Congress.

In October 2021, he teased the possibility of running for his old congressional seat again,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but was not a candidate in the 2022 election.

Personal LifeEdit

Lipinski is Catholic and has urged Catholics to put their faith first.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

He is the son of William "Bill" Lipinsky, who held his congressional seat previously.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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