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Dana Andrews

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Carver Dana Andrews (January 1, 1909 – December 17, 1992) was an American film actor who became a major star in what is now known as film noir and later in Western films. A leading man during the 1940s, he continued acting in less prestigious roles and character parts into the 1980s. He is best known for his portrayal of obsessed police detective Mark McPherson in the noir mystery Laura (1944) and his critically acclaimed performance as World War II veteran Fred Derry returning home in The Best Years of Our Lives (1946).

Early lifeEdit

Andrews was born on a farmstead near Collins, (county seat town of Covington County), in southern Mississippi, the third of 13 children of Charles Forrest Andrews, a Baptist minister, and his wife, Annis (née Speed).<ref name="query.nytimes">Template:Cite news</ref> The family subsequently relocated west to Huntsville, Texas, the birthplace of his younger siblings, including fellow Hollywood actor Steve Forrest (born William Forrest Andrews, 1925-2013).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Andrews attended college at Sam Houston State University nearby in Huntsville<ref>Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> and studied business administration in Houston. During 1931, he traveled to the West Coast to Los Angeles, California to pursue opportunities as a singer. He worked various jobs, such as at a gas refueling station in the nearby community of Van Nuys. To help the struggling Andrews study music at night, "The station owners stepped in ... with a deal: $50 a week for full-time study, in exchange for a five-year share of possible later earnings", which he started repaying after signing with Goldwyn.<ref name=bsdh>Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The founder of the Hollywood Community Theater, Neely Dickson, disputed the gas station story, saying it was invented by Samuel Goldwyn Studio publicists and that Andrews was discovered at her theater.<ref name=":02">Template:Cite journal</ref> The Los Angeles Times also attempted to debunk the story.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

CareerEdit

Sam Goldwyn and 20th Century FoxEdit

File:Virginia Gilmore-Dana Andrews in Swamp Water.jpg
Virginia Gilmore and Dana Andrews in Jean Renoir's production of Swamp Water (1941).

In 1938, Andrews was spotted in the play Oh Evening Star and Samuel Goldwyn (c.1879/1882-1974), signed the promising actor to a contract, but felt he needed time to develop experience. Andrews continued at the Pasadena Playhouse of Pasadena, California, working in over 20 productions and proposed to his second wife Mary Todd.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> After twelve months, Goldwyn sold part of Andrews' contract to 20th Century-Fox, where he was put to work on the first of two B pictures; his first role was in Lucky Cisco Kid (1940).<ref name=":0" /> He then appeared in Sailor's Lady (1940), developed by Goldwyn, but released by Twentieth Century-Fox.<ref name="LAT">Template:Cite news</ref>

Andrews was loaned to Edward Small to appear in the Western film / bio-pic Kit Carson (1940), before Goldwyn used him for the first time in a Goldwyn studio production of director William Wyler's The Westerner (1940), featuring Gary Cooper.<ref name=be />

Andrews had supporting roles in subsequent Twentieth Century-Fox films Tobacco Road (1941), directed by John Ford; then also Belle Starr (1941), co-starring with Randolph Scott and Gene Tierney, billed third; and Swamp Water (1941), starring Walter Brennan and Walter Huston and directed by Jean Renoir.

His next film for Goldwyn was the Howard Hawks directed comedy Ball of Fire (1941), again teaming with Gary Cooper, with Andrews playing the villain, a gangster.

Leading manEdit

File:Dana Andrews Richard Loo Purple Heart 1944.jpg
Andrews and Richard Loo in The Purple Heart (1944)

Back at Fox, Andrews was given his first lead, in the B-picture war movie Berlin Correspondent (1942). He was second lead to Tyrone Power in Crash Dive (1943) and then appeared as a lynching target in the 1943 film adaptation of The Ox-Bow Incident with Henry Fonda, giving a performance that Bosley Crowther of the New York Times called "heart-wringing," writing that Andrews "does much to make the picture a profoundly distressing tragedy."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Andrews then went back to Goldwyn for The North Star (1943), directed by Lewis Milestone. He worked on a government propaganda film December 7th: The Movie (1943), then was used by Goldwyn again in Up in Arms (1944), supporting Danny Kaye.

Andrews was reunited with Milestone at Fox for The Purple Heart (1944), then was in Wing and a Prayer (1944) for Henry Hathaway.

Critical success and noirEdit

File:Dana Andrews in Laura trailer.jpg
Andrews in the trailer for Laura (1944)
File:Best Years of Our Lives.jpg
Hoagy Carmichael, Fredric March, Myrna Loy, Andrews and Theresa Wright in The Best Years of Our Lives (1946)

One of his roles was as a detective infatuated with a presumed murder victim, played by Gene Tierney, in Laura (1944), produced at Fox and directed by Otto Preminger. He co-starred with Jeanne Crain in the movie musical State Fair (1945), a huge hit, and was reunited with Preminger for the film noir Fallen Angel (1945). Andrews made another war movie with Milestone, A Walk in the Sun (1945), then was loaned to Walter Wanger for a western, Canyon Passage (1946), directed by Jacques Tourneur and co-featuring Susan Hayward.

Andrews' second film with William Wyler, also for Goldwyn, became his best known: The Best Years of Our Lives (1946). It was both a popular and critical success. Upon release, the topical film about American society's problems in re-integrating military veterans after World War II outgrossed the longstanding box office success of Gone with the Wind (1939) in the U.S. and Britain.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 2007, the film ranked number 37th on AFI's Top 100 Years...100 Movies.

Andrews appeared in Boomerang! (1947), directed by Elia Kazan; Night Song (1947), at RKO; and Daisy Kenyon (1947) for Preminger. In 1947, he was voted the 23rd most popular actor in the U.S.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Andrews starred in the anti-communist The Iron Curtain (1948), reuniting him with Gene Tierney, then Deep Waters (1948). He made a comedy for Lewis Milestone at Enterprise Pictures, No Minor Vices (1948), then traveled to England for Britannia Mews (1949). Andrews was in Sword in the Desert (1949), then Goldwyn cast him in My Foolish Heart (1949) with Susan Hayward. He played a fast-fisted police officer in the film noir Where the Sidewalk Ends (1950), also with Tierney and Preminger. Around this time, alcoholism began to damage Andrews's career, and on two occasions it nearly cost him his life behind the wheel.Template:Citation needed

Edge of Doom (1950), another film noir for Goldwyn, was a flop. Andrews was then loaned to RKO to make Sealed Cargo (1951), in which his brother Steve Forrest has an uncredited role. (In a "Word of Mouth" commentary for Turner Classic Movies, Forrest stated, "I'd have given my eye teeth to have worked with him.") Back at Fox, Andrews was in The Frogmen (1951), then Goldwyn cast him in I Want You (1951), an overwrought attempt to repeat the success of The Best Years of Our Lives, during the Cold War era Korean War.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

From 1952 to 1954, Andrews was featured in the radio series I Was a Communist for the FBI, about the experiences of Matt Cvetic, an FBI informant who infiltrated the Communist Party of the United States of America.

Career declineEdit

Andrews' film career waned in the 1950s. Assignment: Paris (1952) was not widely seen. He made Elephant Walk (1954) in Ceylon, a film better known for Vivien Leigh's nervous breakdown and replacement by Elizabeth Taylor. Duel in the Jungle (1954) was an adventure tale, Three Hours to Kill (1954) and Smoke Signal (1955) were Westerns, Strange Lady in Town (1955) was a Greer Garson vehicle, and Comanche (1956) another Western.

By the mid-1950s, Andrews was acting almost exclusively in B-movies. However, his acting in two late-cycle film noirs for Fritz Lang during 1956, While The City Sleeps, Beyond a Reasonable Doubt, and a horror film, Curse of the Demon (1957), and a noir, The Fearmakers (1958), for Jacques Tourneur, are well regarded. Around this time, he also appeared in Spring Reunion (1957), Zero Hour! (1957) and Enchanted Island (1958).

In 1952, Andrews toured with his wife, Mary Todd, in The Glass Menagerie, and in 1958, he replaced Henry Fonda (his former co-star in The Oxbow Incident and Daisy Kenyon) on Broadway in Two for the Seesaw.<ref name=LAT />

TelevisionEdit

Andrews began appearing on television on such shows as Playhouse 90 ("Right Hand Man", "Alas, Babylon"), General Electric Theatre, The Barbara Stanwyck Show, Checkmate, The DuPont Show of the Week, The Twilight Zone ("No Time Like the Past"), The Dick Powell Theatre, Alcoa Premiere, Ben Casey, and Theatre of Stars.

Andrews continued to make films like The Crowded Sky (1960) and Madison Avenue (1961). He then went to Broadway for The Captains and the Kings, which had a short run in 1962.

In 1963, he was elected president of the Screen Actors Guild.

In 1965, Andrews resumed his film work with support roles in The Satan Bug and In Harm's Way. Although he had the lead in films such as Crack in the World (1965), Brainstorm (1965), and Town Tamer (1965), he was increasingly cast in supporting roles: Berlin, Appointment for the Spies (1965), The Loved One (1965), Battle of the Bulge (1965), and Johnny Reno (1966). He occasionally played leads in low-budget films like The Frozen Dead (1966), The Cobra (1967) and Hot Rods to Hell (1967), however, by the late 1960s he had evolved into a character actor, as in The Ten Million Dollar Grab (1967), No Diamonds for Ursula (1967), and The Devil's Brigade (1968).

By the end of the decade, Andrews returned to television to play the leading role of college president Tom Boswell on the NBC daytime soap opera Bright Promise from its premiere on September 29, 1969, until March 1971.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Later careerEdit

Andrews spent the 1970s in supporting roles of Hollywood films such as The Failing of Raymond (1971), Innocent Bystanders (1972), Airport 1975 (1974), A Shadow in the Streets (1975), The First 36 Hours of Dr. Durant (1975), Take a Hard Ride (1975), The Last Tycoon (1976), The Last Hurrah (1977), and Good Guys Wear Black (1978)

He also appeared regularly on TV in such shows as Ironside, Get Christie Love!, Ellery Queen, The American Girls, The Hardy Boys, and The Love Boat.

It was at this time, the 1970s, that Andrews became involved in the real estate business, telling one newspaper reporter, for example, that he owned "a hotel that brings in $200,000 a year."<ref name=be />

Andrews's final roles included Born Again (1978), Ike: The War Years (1979), The Pilot (1980), Falcon Crest (1982–83) and Prince Jack (1985).

Personal lifeEdit

Andrews married Janet Murray on December 31, 1932.<ref name="janet murray"/> Murray died two and a half years later in October 1935 as a result of pneumonia.<ref name="janet murray">Template:Cite news</ref> Their son, David, was later a radio announcer and musical director who died early from a intracerebral hemorrhage in February 1964 at the age of 30.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Four years after the death of his first wife Janet Murray, on November 17, 1939, Andrews married stage actress Mary Todd<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> (1916–2003). She appeared in 1976 on The Bob Braun Show, a local television talk show on WCPO-TV (channel 9) in Cincinnati, Ohio.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="query.nytimes"/> The couple had three children: Katharine, Stephen, and Susan, in addition to son David from Andrews' first marriage.<ref name="query.nytimes"/>

Andrews struggled with alcoholism, but eventually won the battle and worked actively later with the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, using his experience as a teaching tool.<ref name=be>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Open access</ref> Several years later, during 1972, he appeared in a television public service advertisement concerning the subject of alcohol abuse.<ref name="query.nytimes" /> During the last years of his life, Andrews also suffered from senility/dementia factors of Alzheimer's disease, which was increasingly occurring in the older American population at a time when Alzheimer's research was in its infancy. He spent his final years living at the John Douglas French Center for Alzheimer's Disease in Los Alamitos, (Orange County, California.<ref name="query.nytimes" />

On December 17, 1992, Andrews died of congestive heart failure and pneumonia, at the age of 83 years.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His wife Mary Todd Andrews died a decade later in January 2003 at the age of 86 years, noted in the entertainment magazine Variety the following month.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

FilmographyEdit

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Partial television creditsEdit

Year Program Episode Role
1963 The Twilight Zone "No Time Like the Past" Paul Driscoll
1969 Family Affair "Wings Of An Angel" Harv Mullen
1971 Night Gallery "The Different Ones" Paul Koch
1978 The Hardy Boys "Assault on the Tower" Townley
1978 The American Girls "The Cancelled Czech" Phillips
1982 The Love Boat "Command Performance/Hyde and Seek/Sketchy Love" citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1982 Falcon Crest "The Candidate" and "Deliberate Disclosure" Elliot McKay

Radio creditsEdit

Year Program Episode Ref
1948 Lux Radio Theatre "The Luck of the Irish" <ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>
1952–1954 I Was a Communist for the FBI Various episodes citation CitationClass=web

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1952 Hallmark Playhouse "The Secret Road" <ref name=Kirby1>Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
1953 Theater of Stars "The Token" <ref name=Kirby2>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Open access</ref>

ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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