Darlington Raceway
Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Use American English
Darlington Raceway is a Template:Convert egg-shaped oval track in Darlington, South Carolina. The track has hosted a variety of racing events since its inaugural season of racing in 1950; primarily races sanctioned by NASCAR. The venue has a capacity of 47,000 as of 2021. Darlington Raceway is owned by NASCAR and led by track president Josh Harris.
Darlington Raceway opened in 1950 under Darlington native Harold Brasington, who sought to replicate the success of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and the Indianapolis 500 in his hometown. Brasington quickly cut all ties with the facility, with Bob Colvin taking over control of the venue as president of the track. Under Colvin's tenure, the speedway underwent major expansion. However, after Colvin died in 1967, all major expansion on the venue came to a halt, with the track's lack of amenities being criticized. After the International Speedway Corporation (ISC) bought out the facility in 1982, the venue underwent further expansion in the 1990s. The track has remained on a staple of the NASCAR Cup Series since its inaugural year despite Darlington's small market and NASCAR's national expansion, with the Southern 500 considered to be one of the most prestigious races on the schedule.
DescriptionEdit
ConfigurationEdit
Darlington Raceway in its current form is measured at Template:Convert, with 25° of banking in the track's first two turns, 23° of banking in the track's last two turns, and 6° of banking on the track's straights.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The track is known for its asymmetrical layout, with the first two turns having a wider radius than the last two turns.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Due to numerous factors, including an unusually highly abrasive track surface, its asymmetrical shape, and the track's preferred racing line of being near the wall, the track has often been regarded by NASCAR drivers as one of the toughest circuits on the NASCAR schedule, with teams often sacrificing performance in one set of turns to run better in the other set of turns.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
AmenitiesEdit
Darlington Raceway is located in Darlington, South Carolina, and is served by U.S. Route 52 and the concurrent South Carolina Highway 34 and South Carolina Highway 151.<ref name=":13244923689">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> As of 2021, the venue has a capacity of 47,000 according to The State.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Track historyEdit
Planning and constructionEdit
After witnessing the 1933 Indianapolis 500 in-person, Darlington, South Carolina, resident Harold Brasington was interested in rekindling the success of the Indianapolis 500 in the American Southeast with stock car racing. After searching in numerous locations in Virginia, Tennessee, and Atlanta, he settled to buy lands in his hometown due to lower land prices.<ref name=":13244154">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> After 15 years of owning a trucking business, Brasington was able to gather enough money and agreed on a handshake deal to build a stock car track on a Template:Convert plot of land owned by J. S. Ramsey, a personal friend of Brasington.<ref name=":13244154" /><ref name=":132441542">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":132441543">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The date of the beginning of construction for the venue is disputed: in a 1950 report published by the Columbia Record, Darlington Raceway general engineer Paul Psilios stated that construction started on January 13, 1950.<ref name=":1324492367">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> However, according to numerous Carolinan newspapers decades after the venue's opening, construction started sometime in 1949,<ref name=":132441542" /><ref name=":132441543" /><ref name=":1324492363" /> with Charlotte News writer Bob Myers stating that groundbreaking occurred on December 12.<ref name=":13244923640">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Darlington Raceway, according to multiple South Carolinian newspapers, was placed under heavy speculation and doubt, with the facility reportedly earning the derogatory nickname "Harold's Folly" by the local populace.<ref name=":132441542" /><ref name=":132441543" /><ref name=":1324492363">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
After grading for then-turns 3 and 4 were completed, Ramsey became worried about the track potentially destroying a fishing pond that he often fished in after witnessing the fast-paced construction of the venue.<ref name=":13244154" /><ref name=":132449236">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In response, Brasington opted to make the radius of then-turns 1 and 2 tighter than then-turns 3 and 4.<ref name=":13244154" /><ref name=":132441542" /> In February 1950, The Charlotte News' Rubye Arnold reported that the facility would host a Template:Convert race on Labor Day of that year.<ref name=":1324492362">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> By April, grading on the facility was 50% complete.<ref name=":1324492364">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> A month later, with a newly-elected slate of board of directors being appointed, a completion date of August 1 was announced.<ref name=":1324492365">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> On July 1, surfacing of the track started.<ref name=":1324492368">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> By the completion of the then-named Darlington International Raceway, it had a seating capacity of approximately 10,000, with the Template:Convert track drawing comparisons to the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in terms of prestige.<ref name=":1324492369">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923610">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923611">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Early Colvin yearsEdit
Darlington International Raceway officially opened to the public on August 19, 1950, for qualifying races for the 1950 Southern 500.<ref name=":1324492366">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The Southern 500, the venue's first major race, took place on September 4, with Johnny Mantz winning the event.<ref name=":13244923612">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In November, the facility ran its first motorcycle races for Armistice Day weekend.<ref name=":1324413">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244132">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, Bob Colvin was appointed to replace Brasington as president of the track,<ref name=":13244923613">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> with Brasington eventually cutting all ties with the facility four years later.<ref name=":13244923619">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Under Colvin's leadership, the venue was expanded extensively; in 1953, the track's "south turn" banking was extended from Template:Convert to Template:Convert.<ref name=":13244923614">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923615">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The installation of lights for the 1953 Southern 500 was also considered;<ref name=":13244923616">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> however, the proposal was rejected due to impracticality and a lack of fan support.<ref name=":13244923617">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, the venue added 6,000 grandstand seats, increasing the grandstand capacity to 16,000 according to Colvin.<ref name=":13244923620">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> A new 13,200-seat grandstand located on the backstretch to increase grandstand capacity to 29,200 was announced in 1955;<ref name=":13244923618">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> by the time it was completed in 1956, the grandstand was expanded to include 14,500 seats.<ref name=":13244923621">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Another 3,300-seat grandstand named after Confederate Army general Robert E. Lee was erected in 1963 on the track's then-fourth turn.<ref name=":13244923631">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1965, the track was completely repaved for the first time.<ref name=":13244923632">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
In its early years, Darlington Raceway oversaw numerous fatalities. In November 1950, the track's first fatality occurred when racer Robert Burns crashed and died due to internal injuries in a motorcycle race.<ref name=":1324413" /><ref name=":13244132" /> Two years later, Rex Stansell died after suffering a head injury in a crash during a modified and sportsman race.<ref name=":13244923622">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1954, Bob Scott died after crashing during a Template:Convert race, succumbing to a broken neck.<ref name=":13244923624">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In the 1957 Southern 500, Bobby Myers was killed in an accident after his car hit the standstill car of Fonty Flock, flipping several times<ref name=":13244923623">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> and eventually dying due to a broken neck and "a crushed chest and massive hemorrhaging" according to the Florence Morning News.<ref name=":13244923625">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In the 1960 Southern 500, the track experienced its deadliest incident, when Bobby Johns' car crashed and flipped on the track's backstretch pit road, killing three people: NASCAR official Joe Brown Taylor alongside Paul McDuffie and Charles Ernest Sweatland, both members of Joe Lee Johnson's pit crew.<ref name=":13244923626">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In the 1965 Southern 500, Buren Skeen died of "head and abdominal injuries" related to a crash when Reb Wickersham's car slammed into the driver's side of Skeen's car.<ref name=":13244923628">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923629">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Colvin's segregationist policies and Confederacy supportEdit
Colvin was also known for implementing racially segregated policies at the venue during his tenure: grandstand seating remained all-white, with Colvin refusing to allow any black spectators into the grandstands and instead either offering refunds or a ticket to the track's infield if a black spectator was caught having a grandstand ticket according to a 1960 Morning News report.<ref name=":13244923627">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> He also refused to let any black driver to race at the circuit for most of his tenure; early black NASCAR driver Wendell Scott was barred from racing at the track for most of his career.<ref name=":1" /> After Colvin ended his ban and let Scott race in the 1965 Rebel 300,<ref name=":13244923634">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Colvin expressed racist remarks to Scott after Scott asked him for travel money that all other white drivers received, with Colvin stating to Scott: "Nigger, you better git yo' ass back up that road [sic]."<ref name=":1">Template:Harvp</ref> According to then-Darlington Raceway's official photographer Tom Kirkland, Colvin also stated that if he saw any black driver win at the track, they would "never make it to victory lane", with Kirkland adding, "he was just a complete racist".<ref name=":0">Template:Harvp</ref> Under Colvin's tenure, the track's marquee events, the Southern 500 and Rebel 400, were openly promoted as celebrations of the Confederacy.<ref name=":13244923631" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":13244923630">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Slow Wallace yearsEdit
On January 24, 1967, Colvin died after suffering a heart attack in his home.<ref name=":13244923633">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Approximately four months later, vice president Barney Wallace was elected to replace Colvin as president of the track,<ref name=":13244923635">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> having already been elected general manager six days after Colvin's death.<ref name=":13244923636">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Throughout Wallace's tenure, he was slow on upgrading and maintaining the facility, with NASCAR writer Steve Waid describing Wallace as a "totally colorless man... he didn’t care to spend a dime unless it was absolutely necessary".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1969, then-turns three and four were reconfigured from 15° to 25° and widened to Template:Convert.<ref name=":13244923637">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Within the year, upgrades were also made to the facility's press box alongside the installation of a new concrete wall in then-turns one and two.<ref name=":13244923638">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923639">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Four years later, a $100,000 (adjusted for inflaton, $Template:Inflation) renovation of the track's garage area was announced.<ref name=":13244923641">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1975, the track was fully enclosed with a concrete wall.<ref name=":13244923642">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Another complete repave of the track was ordered and completed three years later.<ref name=":13244923644">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1982, the then-frontstretch grandstand was renamed to the Colvin Grandstand in honor of Bob Colvin.<ref name=":13244923647">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, 2,157 seats were added to the venue.<ref name=":13244923651">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
ISC purchaseEdit
In March 1982, Darlington Raceway was reported to have been suffering "significant revenue losses" according to The News & Observer.<ref name=":13244923643">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following month, United Press International released rumors of offers of a potential sale, including from California businessman Warner W. Hodgdon and motorsports businessman Harry Ranier.<ref name=":13244923645">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> On June 11, 1982, a sale to the France family-owned International Speedway Corporation (ISC) was announced, with the company offering to buy out control at $70 a share.<ref name=":13244923646">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The sale was approved on the 28th by the track's board of directors, with Wallace remaining as president.<ref name=":13244923648">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Wallace's tenure under ISC was short; he died on May 10, 1983, due to cancer.<ref name=":13244923649">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> 20 days later, vice president Walter "Red" Tyler was selected to replace Wallace as president of Darlington Raceway.<ref name=":13244923650">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1985, the inside retaining pit wall on the then-frontstretch was demolished and replaced with a newer, longer pit wall by Template:Convert.<ref name=":13244923653">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> Four years later, Tyler was replaced by Woodrow "Woody" McKay as president.<ref name=":13244923652">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
In 1990, a major multi-year renovation project commenced. Within the first year, a new garage area was constructed alongside the demolition of the old then-backstretch box seats.<ref name=":13244923654">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> However, the project was heavily delayed starting in 1991 due to economic issues.<ref name=":13244923655">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, NASCAR's president for administration and marketing, Jim Hunter, was selected to replace McKay as president starting in 1993.<ref name=":13244923656">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1994, the project continued with the new 8,000-seat Tyler Tower named in honor of Red Tyler being erected above the then-backstretch Wallace Grandstand, with future plans being made to expand the tower.<ref name=":13244923657">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923658">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, the track was completely repaved<ref name=":13244923660">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923661">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> alongside the venue adding 5,000 seats.<ref name=":13244923659">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1997, the start-finish line was "flip-flopped" from the frontstretch to the backstretch, in the process swapping the turn numbers; turns one and two became turns three and four, and vice versa.<ref name=":13244923662">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923663">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> An additional 7,700-seat grandstand was constructed within the year, alongside upgrades to the venue's victory lane and a new media center.<ref name=":13244923664">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1999, the frontstretch pit road was extended by seven pit boxes, in the process removing the backstretch pit road, condensing from two pit roads to one singular pit road.<ref name=":13244923665">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Ferko lawsuit, rescheduling of Southern 500Edit
.jpg){kind=link}
In March 2001, Hunter was replaced by ISC executive Andrew Gurtis as president of the venue.<ref name=":13244923666">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 2003, after a previous failed attempt to do so in 1999, track officials announced the addition of permanent lighting to host night racing at the venue.<ref name=":13244923668">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The following year, the addition of soft wall SAFER barriers was announced;<ref name=":13244923669">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> both features were added to the track in time for the 2004 Mountain Dew Southern 500.<ref name=":13244923667">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923670">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In May 2004, after NASCAR's focus on national expansion and the aftermath of the Ferko lawsuit involving a minority Speedway Motorsports, Inc. (SMI) shareholder suing NASCAR and ISC for violating an implied agreement to give Texas Motor Speedway a second Cup Series date, Darlington Raceway lost its fall Southern 500 date to California Speedway.<ref name=":8">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":82">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> That same month, Gurtis was replaced by Rockingham Speedway president Chris Browning as Darlington Raceway's president.<ref name=":13244923671">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> To retain a race resembling the Southern 500, the spring race was turned into a Template:Convert event alongside the rescheduling of the event for Mother's Day weekend.<ref name=":13244923672">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Post-Ferko lawsuit, return of traditional Southern 500, capacity declineEdit
In 2006, the old Brasington Grandstand in turn two was demolished and replaced with a new 6,300-seat grandstand that remained under Brasington's name, in the process adding approximately 3,000 seats<ref name=":13244923673">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923674">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> at a recorded capacity of 62,000.<ref name=":13244923679" /> The following year, ISC approved a $10 million renovation project aimed at repaving the track, the addition of an infield tunnel, and other upgrades.<ref name=":13244923675">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> The complete repaving of the track and the addition of the tunnel were completed in time for the 2008 Dodge Challenger 500.<ref name=":13244923677">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In April 2013, Wile stated potential plans to widen seats, in the process reducing capacity under 60,000;<ref name=":13244923679">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> by 2018, the track's listed capacity was stated to be 58,000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Four months later, Browning resigned as president of the track, with Motor Racing Network director of business development Chip Wile assigned as Browning's replacement.<ref name=":13244923676">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 2015, the track added approximately Template:Convert of SAFER barriers in response to Kyle Busch's injury at Daytona International Speedway.<ref name=":13244923678">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
The Southern 500 returned to its traditional Labor Day weekend date in 2015.<ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Wile was transferred to become the president of Daytona International Speedway in June 2016, with NASCAR senior director of operations Kerry Tharp replacing Wile.<ref name=":13244923680">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In February 2018, a $7 million renovation project aimed at renovating the track's Tyler, Wallace, and Colvin grandstands; the project was completed by August 2018,<ref name=":13244923681">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> in the process reducing capacity to 47,000.<ref name=":02">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2019, ownership of the track was changed to NASCAR after the sanctioning body bought out ISC.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In June 2023, Tharp announced his retirement at the end of the 2023 NASCAR season,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> with the track's vice president of business operations Josh Harris succeeding Tharp.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
EventsEdit
NASCAREdit
Darlington Raceway hosts two annual NASCAR weekends: the Southern 500 weekend and the Goodyear 400 weekend. The Southern 500, introduced in 1950, is considered a "Crown Jewel" race on the NASCAR schedule<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and was traditionally held as a standalone event on Labor Day.<ref name=":1324492368422">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":1324492368522">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref> In 1957, a second Cup Series race, the Goodyear 400, was added, and the track hosted two events annually until 2004.<ref name=":132449236882">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923672" /> In 2005, the Southern 500 replaced the Goodyear 400 on the schedule due to the result of the Ferko lawsuit.<ref name=":132449236862">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923672" /> The Southern 500 was moved twice—first to April in 2014,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> before returning to its traditional Labor Day weekend slot in 2015.<ref name=":2" /> The Goodyear 400 was reinstated on the Cup Series schedule in 2021.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Starting in 1982, the NASCAR Xfinity Series race was introduced to Darlington Raceway with the Shriners Children's 200, and in 1983 a second date was added with the Sport Clips Haircuts VFW 200. In 2005, the second date was removed due to the Ferko lawsuit, but then readded in 2021 and removed again in 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2001, a NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series race was introduced the Buckle Up South Carolina 200.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Other racing eventsEdit
- From 1993 to 1995, Darlington Raceway hosted an annual International Race of Champions (IROC) event.<ref name=":13244923682">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923683">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
- In 2007, Darlington Raceway held a one-off USAC Silver Crown Series event.<ref name=":13244923690">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref><ref name=":13244923691">Template:Cite news Template:Open access</ref>
Lap recordsEdit
As of May 2021, the fastest official race lap records at Darlington Raceway are listed as:
| Category | Time | Driver | Vehicle | Event | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oval: 2.198 km (1953–present)<ref name='darlington_msportmagazine'>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> | ||||
| NASCAR Cup | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> || Denny Hamlin || Toyota Camry || 2018 Bojangles' Southern 500 | |||
| NASCAR Xfinity | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> || Ryan Blaney || Ford Mustang || 2019 Sport Clips Haircuts VFW 200 | |||
| NASCAR Truck | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> || John Hunter Nemechek || Toyota Tundra || 2021 LiftKits4Less.com 200 | |||
| Original Oval: 2.012 km (1950–1952)<ref name='darlington_msportmagazine' /> | |||||