David Murray Anderson

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Admiral

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China Station (1925)
Template:HMS (1918–19)
Template:HMS (1913–17)Ashanti campaign
First World War

East African campaign|Military service}}

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Template:HMS (1918–19)
Template:HMS (1913–17)

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First World War

East African campaign

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}}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#if:||{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}}}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox officeholder with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| regexp1 = 1blankname[%d]* | regexp2 = 1namedata[%d]* | regexp3 = 2blankname[%d]* | regexp4 = 2namedata[%d]* | regexp5 = 3blankname[%d]* | regexp6 = 3namedata[%d]* | regexp7 = 4blankname[%d]* | regexp8 = 4namedata[%d]* | regexp9 = 5blankname[%d]* | regexp10 = 5namedata[%d]* | allegiance | alma_mater | regexp11 = alongside[%d]* | alt | regexp12 = ambassador_from[%d]* | regexp13 = appointed[%d]* | regexp14 = appointer[%d]* | regexp15 = assembly[%d]* | awards | battles | battles_label | birth_date | birth_name | birth_place | birthname | regexp16 = blank[%d]* | bodyclass | branch | branch_label | cabinet | candidate | caption | categories | regexp17 = chancellor[%d]* | children | citizenship | regexp18 = co%-leader[%d]* | commands | committees | regexp19 = constituency[%d]* | regexp20 = constituency_AM[%d]* | regexp21 = constituency_MP[%d]* | regexp22 = convocation[%d]* | regexp23 = country[%d]* | regexp24 = data[%d]* | date | death_cause | death_date | death_manner | death_place | demo | regexp25 = deputy[%d]* | regexp26 = district[%d]* | education | election_date | embed | father | regexp28 = firstminister[%d]* | footnotes | regexp29 = governor[%d]* | regexp30 = governor_general[%d]* | regexp31 = governor%-general[%d]* | height | honorific_prefix | honorific-prefix | honorific_suffix | honorific-suffix | image | image name | image_name_alt | image_size | imagesize | image_upright | incumbent | regexp32 = jr/sr[%d]* | regexp33 = jr/sr and state[%d]* | known_for | regexp34 = leader[%d]* | regexp35 = legislature[%d]* | regexp36 = lieutenant[%d]* | regexp37 = lieutenant_governor[%d]* | mainwidth | regexp38 = majority[%d]* | regexp39 = majority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp40 = majority_leader[%d]* | regexp41 = majorityleader[%d]* | mawards | regexp42 = military_blank[%d]* | regexp43 = military_data[%d]* | regexp44 = minister[%d]* | regexp45 = minister_from[%d]* | regexp46 = minority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp47 = minority_leader[%d]* | regexp48 = minorityleader[%d]* | regexp49 = module[%d]* | regexp50 = monarch[%d]* | mother | name | nationality | native_name | native_name_lang | nickname | nocat | regexp51 = nominator[%d]* | nominee | occupation | regexp52 = office[%d]* | opponent | regexp53 = order[%d]* | otherparty | parents | regexp54 = parliament[%d]* | regexp55 = parliamentarygroup[%d]* | partner | party | party_election | portfolio | regexp56 = preceded[%d]* | regexp57 = preceding[%d]* | regexp58 = predecessor[%d]* | regexp59 = premier[%d]* | regexp60 = president[%d]* | regexp61 = primeminister[%d]* | regexp62 = prior_term[%d]* | profession | pronunciation | rank | rank_label | relations | relatives | residence | resting_place | resting_place_coordinates | restingplace | restingplacecoordinates | regexp63 = riding[%d]* | runningmate | salary | serviceyears | serviceyears_label | signature | signature_alt | signature_size | smallimage | smallimage_alt | source | speaker | speaker_office | spouse | spouses | regexp64 = state[%d]* | regexp65 = state_assembly[%d]* | regexp66 = state_delegate[%d]* | regexp67 = state_house[%d]* | regexp68 = state_legislature[%d]* | regexp69 = state_senate[%d]* | regexp70 = status[%d]* | regexp71 = suboffice[%d]* | regexp72 = subterm[%d]* | regexp73 = succeeded[%d]* | regexp74 = succeeding[%d]* | regexp75 = successor[%d]* | regexp76 = taoiseach[%d]* | regexp77 = term[%d]* | regexp78 = term_end[%d]* | regexp79 = term_label[%d]* | regexp80 = term_start[%d]* | regexp81 = termend[%d]* | regexp82 = termlabel[%d]* | regexp83 = termstart[%d]* | regexp84 = title[%d]* | unit | unit_label | regexp85 = vicegovernor[%d]* | regexp86 = vicepremier[%d]* | regexp87 = vicepresident[%d]* | regexp88 = viceprimeminister[%d]* | regexp89 = assuming[%d]* | website | width | year }} Admiral Sir David Murray Anderson, Template:Postnominals (11 April 1874 – 30 October 1936) was a British naval officer and governor. Anderson served in the Royal Navy from the age of 13 and served in many colonial wars and was given various Empire postings, rising to the rank of admiral in 1931. He retired a year later and took up the posting as Governor of Newfoundland, where he also took up the role of Chairman of the Government following the suspension of self-government in the Dominion of Newfoundland. Leaving Newfoundland in 1935, he was appointed as Governor of New South Wales but served only briefly due to his ill health. He died while in office aged 62.<ref name=book>Template:Cite book</ref>

Early life and careerEdit

Anderson was born on 11 April 1874, the second son of General David Anderson, Colonel of the Cheshire Regiment, and his wife Charlotte Christina, née Anderson in Newton-by-Chester in Cheshire, England. His elder brother was Lieutenant General Sir Warren Hastings Anderson. In 1887, as a 13-year-old, he became a naval cadet in the training ship Britannia at Dartmouth. Seeing action against King Koko slave traders on the Niger River, he became a lieutenant on 23 February 1895 at age 20.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> Anderson saw further action against West-African rebels and in the Ashanti Campaign. In May 1902, he was posted as first and gunnery lieutenant to the cruiser Template:HMS on the Channel Squadron.<ref>Template:Cite newspaper The Times</ref>

In 1905 Anderson was promoted to commander and was posted to the Royal Yacht Victoria and Albert in 1908. That year, he married a New Zealander, Edith Muriel Teschemaker, the daughter of one of the pioneers of the Otago region.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 29 July 1910 Anderson was appointed a Member of the Fourth Class of the Royal Victorian Order.<ref name=MVO>Template:London Gazette</ref> On 11 August 1911, he was promoted to captain<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> and posted as Flag Captain on Template:HMS from 1913 to 1917.<ref name=ADB>Template:Cite dictionary</ref>

When the First World War broke out Anderson took part in the operations that resulted in the destruction of the Template:SMS in German East Africa, and was mentioned in despatches in 1915. For his actions leading to the capture of Dar es Salaam he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1918.<ref name=CMG>Template:London Gazette</ref> He was also invested by the Sultan of Zanzibar with the Order of the Brilliant Star of Zanzibar, Second Class.<ref name=arg>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> From 1918 to 1919 Anderson was posted to command the battleship Template:HMS in the Grand Fleet.<ref name=ADB/> In May 1921 he was appointed as an aide-de-camp (ADC) to King George V, which he held until April 1922. After a posting in England, he was promoted to rear admiral in 1922. On 2 June 1923 he was invested as a Companion of the Order of the Bath.<ref name=CB>Template:London Gazette</ref> He was later posted from August 1923 to October 1925 as the Senior Naval Officer, Yangtze, and briefly served as temporary Commander-in-Chief China Station in 1925. While in China, he was called upon on three separate occasions to command a multi-national force of Japanese, British, American, Portuguese and Italian sailors to help protect the Shanghai International Settlement. For his efforts in China, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Third Class, by Emperor Hirohito of Japan.<ref name=arg/>

Further promoted to vice admiral in 1927, Anderson was appointed to command the Africa Station. From June to September 1928 he served as High Commissioner to the Union of South Africa. Being fluent in French, he was further appointed to Geneva as the Admiralty representative to the League of Nations permanent advisory commission from 1929 to 1931. On 3 June 1930 he was appointed as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath,<ref name=KCB>Template:London Gazette</ref> and was promoted to admiral in 1931. He retired at his own request on 5 July 1932.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref>

Governor of NewfoundlandEdit

File:Admiral Anderson.jpg

Anderson entertaining Ramsay MacDonald (seated, left), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, at Government House in August 1934

Anderson was then appointed on 20 October 1932 as the Governor of Newfoundland.<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> He became His Majesty's Representative at a time of great instability in the Dominion of Newfoundland. Newfoundland had been hit badly by the Great Depression, leaving most of the banks on the verge of insolvency, saved only by emergency loans from Britain, the state Treasury was empty and the political process was discredited by corruption and incompetence.<ref name=book2>Noel, SJR, Politics in Newfoundland, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1971, p. 220</ref>

The Government, led by Prime Minister Frederick C. Alderdice, called upon the British government to take direct control until Newfoundland could become self-sustaining. The United Kingdom, concerned over Newfoundland's likelihood of defaulting on its loans, asked the government to establish the Newfoundland Royal Commission, headed by a Scottish peer, Lord Amulree. Its report, released in 1933, assessed Newfoundland's political system as institutionally corrupt and its economic future as bleak, recommending the abolition of responsible government, and its replacement by a Commission of the British Government.<ref name=book/> Acting on the report's recommendations, Alderdice's government voted itself out of existence in December 1933. Appointed as chair of the Commission of Government in 1934, Anderson found his role as Governor with significantly expanded powers and proved himself up to the job, constantly sending reports back to the Dominions Office and giving advice to the Dominions Secretary on how to deal with the Commission members.<ref name=book2/>

Despite his new-found powers, Anderson took the position of neutral mediator, intervening only when there was a dispute in the commission.<ref>Noel, p. 227</ref> He was nevertheless involved with restructuring the administration of the state, including government departments, social services, the health system and the postal system.<ref name=newf>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> His approach proved to be not enough to bring the Commission out of petty arguments and disputes and in October 1935 it was announced that he would be replaced by another Naval officer, Sir Humphrey Walwyn. Anderson and his wife departed from Newfoundland the following January.<ref name=book/>

Governor of New South WalesEdit

File:SLNSW 15302 Arrival of the Governor Admiral Sir Murray and Lady Anderson.jpg

Template:Sclass2 Template:HMAS entering Sydney Harbour on 6 August 1936 carrying Sir Murray and Lady Anderson

In November 1935 it was announced that Anderson was to become the Governor of New South Wales,<ref>Template:London Gazette</ref> a relatively quieter post. He was invested by King Edward VIII as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George on 5 May 1936,<ref name=KCMG>Template:London Gazette</ref> and as a Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of St John of Jerusalem on 23 June 1936.<ref name=KStJ>Template:London Gazette</ref>

En route to Australia Anderson was taken ill, and had to spend six weeks in hospital in Perth, Western Australia. He was sworn in at Sydney on 6 August 1936. Because of his recurring illness, Lady Anderson undertook many official duties on his behalf, while the Lieutenant Governor of New South Wales, Sir Philip Street, carried out his legislative and ceremonial duties. On 29 October he collapsed and died of a cerebral haemorrhage early in the morning the next day at Government House.

Funeral and burialEdit

His body was laid in state in St. Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney by way of a gun carriage pulled by the sailors and officers of the HMAS Canberra on 2 November 1936.<ref name=funeral>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The funeral was attended by the Governor-General, The Lord Gowrie, and the Premier, Bertram Stevens, who gave an address: <templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />

"To those who knew him, the State seems a poorer place for the passing of a gallant and high-hearted gentleman. To those who did not have the privilege of personal acquaintance there comes the regret appropriate to the death of the man who, under his Majesty, was the titular head of our State; a proven servant of the Empire, a man whose honours were deserved, and who carried his distinctions with grace, has gone to his rest. The tragic shortness of the tenure of his last high office has brought no small loss to our State. Only those who knew him, who had the benefit of his kindliness and experience, know how great that loss actually is. Time gave him no chance to prove himself to the mass of the people; but all those who came into contact with him knew the sterling qualities which were in his character. He was a man upon whom authority sat quietly and easily."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>{{#if:|{{#if:|}}
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Following the funeral, his body, embalmed and enclosed in lead coffin with an outer wood casket by Wood Coffill Funeral Directors, was conveyed to the Chapel of Bishopscourt, Darling Point, the residence of the Anglican Archbishop of Sydney, Howard Mowll.<ref name=funeral/> On 18 November 1936, Lady Anderson departed Sydney by train to Adelaide with his body to return to England aboard the RMS Orontes on 21 November.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On 4 January 1937, Anderson was buried in the Churchyard of St Mary the Virgin, in Fittleworth, West Sussex, in a ceremony attended by Admiral Sir Edward Charlton, Rear-Admiral Edward Hilary Rymer, Vice-Admiral William Douglas Paton, Rear-Admiral Sir Arthur Bromley, Vice-Admiral Sir Percy Noble, and Vice-Admiral William Bowden-Smith.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Survived by his wife and with no children, Anderson left an estate valued at £9,654, which he gave to his wife for life and on her death to relatives.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> On the recommendation of the NSW Government, Lady Anderson was granted the rank of Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) and the King George VI Coronation Medal in the 1937 Coronation Honours for public service in New South Wales.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

HonoursEdit

Template:Infobox viceroy styles

File:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB)	1930<ref name=KCB/>
File:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg	Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB)	1923<ref name=CB/>
File:Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png	Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG)	1936<ref name=KCMG/>
File:Ord.St.Michele-Giorgio.png	Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG)	1918<ref name=CMG/>
File:Royal Victorian Order UK ribbon.png	Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO)	1910<ref name=MVO/>
File:Order of St John (UK) ribbon -vector.svg	Knight of Grace of the Venerable Order of St John of Jerusalem	1936<ref name=KStJ/>
File:Africa General Service Medal BAR.svg	Africa General Service Medal
File:1914-15 Star ribbon.jpg	1914–15 Star
File:British War Medal BAR.jpg	British War Medal
File:Victory Medal MID ribbon bar.svg	Victory Medal with MID Palm
File:King Edward VII Coronation Medal (Military) ribbon.png	King Edward VII Coronation Medal	1902
File:King George V Coronation Medal ribbon.svg	King George V Coronation Medal	1911
File:King George V Silver Jubilee Medal ribbon.svg	King George V Silver Jubilee Medal	1935
File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg	The Order of St. Anna (Russia)	<ref name=arg/>
File:Order of the Redeemer Ribbon bar.svg	The Order of the Redeemer (Greece)	<ref name=arg/>
File:DNK Order of Danebrog Knight BAR.png	Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog (Denmark)	<ref name=arg/>
File:Order of the Brilliant Star of Zanzibar - ribbon bar.gif	Order of the Brilliant Star of Zanzibar, Second Class (Zanzibar)	<ref name=arg/>
File:JPN Kyokujitsu-sho 3Class BAR.svg	Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon (Japan)	<ref name=arg/>

Honorific eponymsEdit

Mount Murray Anderson, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park (1936).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ReferencesEdit

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