Demographics of the Philippines

Demography of the Philippines records the human population, including its population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects. The Philippines annualized population growth rate between the years 2015–2020 was 1.53%.<ref name="pia.gov.ph">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> According to the 2020 census, the population of the Philippines is 109,033,245.<ref name="census2020">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The first census in the Philippines was held in the year 1591 which counted 667,612 people.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The majority of Filipinos are lowland Austronesians,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> while the Aetas (Negritos), as well as other highland groups form a minority. The indigenous population is related to the indigenous populations of the Malay Archipelago. Some ethnic groups that have been in the Philippines for centuries before Spanish and American colonial rule have assimilated or intermixed. This is the case with the Sama-Bajau ethnicity which possess Austroasiatic ancestry and the Blaan people who possess Papuan ancestry, while ancient immigration integrated some Indian ancestry to the precolonial Indianized kingdoms in the islands. 600,000 people from the United States of America also live in the Philippines.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> They represent 0.56% of the total population. Meanwhile, Spanish era censuses from the 1700s, record that 2.33% of the population were Mexicans<ref name= "Mexicans" /><ref name= "Intercolonial" /> and 5% were mixed Spanish-Filipinos.<ref name="Estadismo1" /><ref name="Estadismo2" /> Whereas records from the Philippine government shows that pure Chinese were 1.35 Million and mixed Chinese-Filipinos composed about 20% of the population.<ref name="ChineseFilipinos" /> Other ethnic groups include the Arabs who intermixed with Muslim Filipinos and the Japanese who form parts of the population.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The most commonly spoken indigenous languages are Tagalog and Cebuano, with 23.8 million (45 million speakers as Filipino) and 16 million speakers, respectively. Nine other indigenous languages have at least one million native speakers: Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Bicolano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, and Tausug. One or more of these are spoken as a mother tongue by more than 93% of the population. Filipino and English are the official languages but there are between 120 and 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on expert classifications).

Population history

File:Historical population of the Philippines.svg

The historical population of the Philippines

File:Philippines Population Density Map.svg

Philippines population density Map per province as of 2009 per square kilometer: Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend

The first census in the Philippines was in 1591, based on tributes collected. The tributes counted the total founding population of the Spanish-Philippines as 667,612 people.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp<ref>The Unlucky Country: The Republic of the Philippines in the 21st Century By Duncan Alexander McKenzie (page xii)</ref><ref>Demography Philippine Yearbook 2011 Template:Webarchive Page 3</ref> 20,000 were Chinese migrant traders,<ref>Template:Cite bookTemplate:Rp</ref> at different times: around 15,600 individuals were Latino soldier-colonists who were cumulatively sent from Peru and Mexico and they were shipped to the Philippines annually,<ref>Stephanie Mawson, 'Between Loyalty and Disobedience: The Limits of Spanish Domination in the Seventeenth Century Pacific' (Univ. of Sydney M.Phil. thesis, 2014), appendix 3.</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> 3,000 were Japanese residents,<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> and 600 were pure Spaniards from Europe.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> There was a large but unknown number of South Asian Filipinos, as the majority of the slaves imported into the archipelago were from Bengal and India,<ref>Peasants, Servants, and Sojourners: Itinerant Asians in Colonial New Spain, 1571-1720 By Furlong, Matthew J. Template:Webarchive "Slaves purchased by the indigenous elites, Spanish and Hokkiens of the colony seemed drawn most often from South Asia, particularly Bengal and South India, and less so, from other sources, such as East Africa, Brunei, Makassar, and Java..." Chapter 2 "Rural Ethnic Diversity" Page 164 (Translated from: "Inmaculada Alva Rodríguez, Vida municipal en Manila (siglos xvi-xvii) (Córdoba: Universidad de Córdoba, 1997), 31, 35-36."</ref> adding Dravidian and Indo-Aryan speaking South Indians and Indo-European speaking Bengalis into the ethnic mix.

The rest were Austronesians and Negritos. With 667,612 people, during this era, the Philippines was among the most sparsely populated lands in Asia. In contrast, Japan during that era (the 1500s) had a population of 8 Million or Mexico had a population of 4 million, which was huge compared to the Philippine's 600,000. In 1600, the method of population counting was revamped by the Spanish officials, who then based the counting of the population through church records.

Stephanie J. Mawson, by rummaging through records in the archives of Mexico<ref name= "Mexicans" /> discovered that the Spaniards were not the only immigrant group to the Philippines; Peru and Mexico too sent soldiers to the islands,<ref name= "Mexicans" /> and in fact outnumbered the Spaniards who immigrated to the Philippines.<ref name= "Mexicans" />

Geographic distribution and year of settlement of the Latin-American immigrant soldiers assigned to the Philippines in the 1600s.<ref name= "Mexicans" >Convicts or Conquistadores? Spanish Soldiers in the Seventeenth-Century Pacific By Stephanie J. Mawson AGI, México, leg. 25, núm. 62; AGI, Filipinas, leg. 8, ramo 3, núm. 50; leg. 10, ramo 1, núm. 6; leg. 22, ramo 1, núm. 1, fos. 408 r –428 v; núm. 21; leg. 32, núm. 30; leg. 285, núm. 1, fos. 30 r –41 v .</ref>

Location	1603	1636	1642	1644	1654	1655	1670	1672
Manila<ref name= "Mexicans" />	900	446	—	407	821	799	708	667
Fort Santiago<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	22	—	—	50	—	86	81
Cavite<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	70	—	—	89	—	225	211
Cagayan<ref name= "Mexicans" />	46	80	—	—	—	—	155	155
Calamianes<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	—	—	—	—	—	73	73
Caraga<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	45	—	—	—	—	81	81
Cebu<ref name= "Mexicans" />	86	50	—	—	—	—	135	135
Formosa<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	180	—	—	—	—	—	—
Moluccas<ref name= "Mexicans" />	80	480	507	—	389	—	—	—
Otón<ref name= "Mexicans" />	66	50	—	—	—	—	169	169
Zamboanga<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	210	—	—	184	—	—	—
Other<ref name= "Mexicans" />	255	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
<ref name= "Mexicans" />	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total Reinforcements<ref name= "Mexicans" />	1,533	1,633	2,067	2,085	n/a	n/a	1,632	1,572

In 1798, the population of Luzon or Luconia was estimated to be around 600,000 with the other islands, unknown. 200,000 of the 600,000 population were of mixed-raced descent of either Spanish, Chinese or Latin-American admixture. 5,000 enlisted soldiers on that year, were of South American descent, while 2,500 were pure Spanish officers. There were 20,000 new Chinese immigrants.<ref name="fedor">Template:Cite book</ref> The book, "Intercolonial Intimacies Relinking Latin/o America to the Philippines, 1898–1964 By Paula C. Park" citing "Forzados y reclutas: los criollos novohispanos en Asia (1756–1808)" gave a higher number of later Mexican soldier-immigrants to the Philippines, pegging the number at 35,000 immigrants in the 1700s in a population of only 1.5 Million thus forming 2.33% of the population.<ref name="Intercolonial">"Intercolonial Intimacies Relinking Latin/o America to the Philippines, 1898–1964 Paula C. Park" Page 100</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

In 1799, Friar Manuel Buzeta estimated the population of all the Philippine islands as 1,502,574.<ref>"The Unlucky Country The Republic of the Philippines in the 21st Century" By Duncan Alexander McKenzie (2012)(page xii)</ref> Despite the number of Mixed Spanish-Filipino descent being the lowest, they may be more common than expected as many Spaniards often had Filipino concubines and mistresses and they frequently produced children out of wedlock.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp

In the late 1700s to early 1800s, Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga, an Agustinian Friar, in his Two Volume Book: "Estadismo de las islas Filipinas"<ref name="Estadismo1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Estadismo2">ESTADISMO DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS TOMO SEGUNDO By Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga (Original Spanish)</ref> compiled a census of the Spanish-Philippines based on the tribute counts (Which represented an average family of seven to ten children<ref>"How big were families in the 1700s?" By Keri Rutherford </ref> and two parents, per tribute)<ref name="Newson">Template:Cite book</ref> and came upon the following statistics:

Data reported for the 1800 as divided by ethnicity and province<ref name= "Estadismo1" /><ref name= "Estadismo2" />

Province	Native Tributes	Spanish Mestizo Tributes	All TributesTemplate:Efn
Tondo<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	14,437-1/2	3,528	27,897-7
Cavite<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	5,724-1/2	859	9,132-4
Laguna<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	14,392-1/2	336	19,448-6
Batangas<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	15,014	451	21,579-7
Mindoro<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	3,165	3-1/2	4,000-8
Bulacan<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	16,586-1/2	2,007	25,760-5
Pampanga<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	16,604-1/2	2,641	27,358-1
Bataan<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	3,082	619	5,433
Zambales<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp	1,136	73	4,389
Ilocos<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	44,852-1/2	631	68,856
Pangasinan<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	19,836	719-1/2	25,366
Cagayan<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	9,888	0	11,244-6
Camarines<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	19,686-1/2	154-1/2	24,994
Albay<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	12,339	146	16,093
Tayabas<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	7,396	12	9,228
Cebu<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	28,112-1/2	625	28,863
Samar<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	3,042	103	4,060
Leyte<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	7,678	37-1/2	10,011
Caraga<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	3,497	0	4,977
Misamis<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	1,278	0	1,674
Negros Island<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	5,741	0	7,176
Iloilo<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	29,723	166	37,760
Capiz<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	11,459	89	14,867
Antique<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	9,228	0	11,620
Calamianes<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp	2,289	0	3,161
TOTAL	299,049	13,201	424,992-16

The Spanish-Filipino population as a proportion of the provinces widely varied; with as high as 19% of the population of Tondo province <ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp (The most populous province and former name of Manila), to Pampanga 13.7%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Cavite at 13%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Laguna 2.28%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Batangas 3%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Bulacan 10.79%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Bataan 16.72%,<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Ilocos 1.38%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Pangasinan 3.49%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Albay 1.16%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Cebu 2.17%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Samar 3.27%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Iloilo 1%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Capiz 1%,<ref name= "Estadismo2" />Template:Rp Bicol 20%,<ref name="Pnas">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Zamboanga 40%.<ref name="Pnas" /> According to the data, in the Archdiocese of Manila which administers much of Luzon under it, about 10% of the population was Spanish-Filipino.<ref name= "Estadismo1" />Template:Rp Summing up all the provinces including those with no Spanish Filipinos, all in all, in the total population of the Philippines, Spanish Filipinos and mixed Spanish-Filipinos composed 5% of the population.<ref name= "Estadismo1" /><ref name= "Estadismo2" />

Meanwhile, government records show that 20% of the Philippines' total population were either pure Chinese or Mixed Chinese-Filipinos<ref name="ChineseFilipinos">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="senate.gov.ph">Template:Cite press release</ref>

The first official census was in 1878, when the population as of midnight on December 31, 1877, was counted. This was followed by the 1887 census, with the 1898 census not completed. The 1887 census yielded a count of 5,984,727 excluding non-Christians.<ref name=TroiGawpo>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In the 1860s to 1890s, in the urban areas of the Philippines, especially at Manila, according to burial statistics, as much as 3.3% of the population were pure European Spaniards and the pure Chinese were as high as 9.9%.<ref name="DanielDoeppers">Template:Cite journal</ref> The Spanish-Filipino and Chinese-Filipino mestizo populations may have fluctuated. Eventually, everybody belonging to these non-native categories diminished because they were assimilated into and chose to self-identify as pure Filipinos.<ref name="DanielDoeppers"/>Template:Rp Since during the Philippine Revolution, the term "Filipino" included anybody born in the Philippines coming from any race.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> That would explain the abrupt drop of otherwise high Chinese, Spanish and mestizo percentages across the country by the time of the first American census in 1903.<ref name="DanielDoeppers" />

1903 census

In 1903 the population of the Philippines was recounted by American authorities to fulfill Act 467. The survey yielded 7,635,426 people, including 56,138 who were foreign-born.<ref name="CensusSanger1905">Template:Cite book</ref>

1920 census

According to the 1920 United States Census, there were 10,314,310 people in the Philippines.<ref name="Census1920">Template:Cite book</ref> 99 percent were Filipino; 51,751 were either Chinese or Japanese; 34,563 were of mixed race; 12,577 were Caucasian; and 7,523 were African.<ref name="Census1920" />

1939

The 1939 census was undertaken in conformity with Section 1 of Commonwealth Act 170.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The Philippine population figure was 16,000,303.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

1941

In 1941 the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Manila's population was 684,000.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

By then, some 27% of the population could speak English as a second language, while the number of Spanish speakers as first language had further fallen to 3% from 10 to 14% at the beginning of the century. In 1936, Tagalog was selected to be the basis for a national language.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>Template:Unreliable source? In 1987, the Filipino language, a standard language based on Tagalog, was imposed as the national language and as one of the two official languages alongside English.<ref name=Gonzalez98 />

1966

The country ranks 18th in the world with 33,704,749 people, an increase of 899,211 people compared to 1965 data.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Comparing the 1941 population of 17,000,000, the increase nearly doubled, reaching 16,704,749 in 25 years.

Philippine census surveys

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}

citation

CitationClass=web }}</ref>	1960	1970	1975	1980	1990	1995	2000	2007	2010	2015	2020
27,087,685	36,684,486	42,070,660	48,098,460	60,703,206	68,616,536	76,506,928	88,566,732	92,337,852	100,981,437	109,033,245

In 1960, the government of the Philippines conducted a survey on both population, and housing. The population was pegged at 27,087,685. Successive surveys were again conducted in 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1990, which gave the population as 36,684,948, 42,070,660, 48,098,460, and 60,703,206 respectively. In 1995, the POPCEN was launched, undertaken at the month of September, The data provided the bases for the Internal Revenue Allocation to local government units, and for the creation of new legislative areas. The count was made official by then President Fidel Ramos by Proclamation No, 849 on August 14, 1995, The population was 68,616,536.

Vital statistics

Registered births and deaths

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

	Average population	Live births	Deaths	Natural change	Crude birth rate (per 1000)	Crude death rate (per 1000)	Natural change (per 1000)	Total fertility rate	Infant mortality rate (per 1000 births)
1903	7,635,000	284,000	329,671	-44,871	37.3	43.2	-5.9
1904	7,659,000	216,176	146,894	69,282	28.2	19.2	9.0
1905	7,699,000	244,586	166,555	78,031	31.8	21.6	10.2
1906	7,761,000	215,296	143,284	72,012	27.7	18.5	9.2
1907	7,844,000	258,010	138,464	119,546	32.9	17.7	15.2
1908	7,964,000	278,369	190,495	87,874	35.0	23.9	11.1
1909	8,095,000	234,726	179,355	55,371	29.0	22.2	6.8
1910	8,220,000	290,210	191,576	98,634	35.3	23.3	12.0
1911	8,387,000	302,855	188,412	114,443	36.1	22.5	13.6
1912	8,576,000	290,995	185,185	105,810	33.9	21.6	12.3
1913	8,786,000	316,056	154,086	161,970	36.0	17.5	18.5
1914	9,017,000	347,337	163,943	183,394	38.5	18.2	20.3
1915	9,269,000	327,206	176,313	150,893	35.3	19.0	16.3
1916	9,542,000	340,269	195,970	144,659	35.7	20.5	15.2
1917	9,836,000	353,283	212,334	140,949	35.9	21.6	14.3
1918	10,314,000	345,751	367,106	-21,355	33.5	35.6	-2.1
1919	10,324,000	306,832	326,716	-19,884	29.7	31.6	-1.9
1920	10,445,000	351,195	200,690	150,505	33.6	19.2	14.4
1921	10,673,000	364,432	205,654	158,778	34.1	19.3	14.8
1922	10,908,000	373,506	203,237	170,269	34.2	18.6	15.6
1923	11,152,000	385,418	202,981	182,437	34.6	18.2	16.4
1924
1925
1926	11,935,000	400,439	229,928	170,511	33.6	19.3	14.3		156.7
1927	12,212,000	414,357	229,328	185,029	33.9	18.8	15.1		152.5
1928	12,498,000	422,716	218,096	204,620	33.8	17.5	16.3		150.1
1929	12,792,000	428,996	237,733	191,263	33.5	18.6	14.9		161.6
1930	13,094,000	429,245	252,988	176,257	32.8	19.3	13.5		165.0
1931	13,405,000	440,159	240,825	199,334	32.8	18.0	14.8		155.1
1932	13,724,000	446,940	211,809	235,131	32.6	15.4	17.1		137.6
1933	14,051,000	459,682	227,594	232,088	32.7	16.2	16.5		145.8
1934	14,387,000	447,738	239,703	208,035	31.1	16.7	14.4		160.8
1935	14,731,000	461,410	257,181	204,229	31.3	17.5	13.8		153.4
1936	15,084,000	485,126	239,107	246,019	32.2	15.9	16.3		134.0
1937	15,445,000	513,760	254,740	259,020	33.3	16.5	16.8		137.3
1938	15,814,000	512,389	261,848	250,541	32.4	16.6	15.8		139.0
1939	16,000,000	522,432	273,141	249,291	32.7	16.9	15.8		146.2
1940	16,460,000	535,117	273,480	261,637	32.5	16.6	15.9		135.8
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946	18,434,000	533,283	278,546	254,737	28.9	15.1	13.8		125.5
1947	18,786,000	272,226	238,527	33,699	14.5	12.7	1.8		234.4
1948	19,234,000	602,415	243,467	358,948	31.3	12.7	18.6		114.4
1949	19,509,000	609,138	231,151	377,987	31.2	11.8	19.4		108.5
1950	19,881,000	642,472	226,505	415,967	32.3	11.4	20.9		101.6
1951	20,260,000	637,264	237,937	399,327	31.5	11.7	19.8		105.5
1952	20,646,000	650,725	241,020	409,705	31.5	11.7	19.8		101.2
1953	21,039,000	468,489	239,988	228,501	22.3	11.4	10.9		148.8
1954	22,869,000	702,662	217,650	485,012	30.7	9.5	21.2		94.2
1955	23,568,000	734,761	212,798	521,963	31.2	9.0	22.2		84.3
1956	24,288,000	542,249	205,581	336,668	22.3	8.5	13.8		110.9
1957	25,030,000	514,202	199,919	314,283	20.5	8.0	12.5		112.9
1958	25,795,000	484,592	185,437	299,155	18.6	7.2	11.4		109.2
1959	26,584,000	616,893	176,448	440,445	23.2	6.6	16.6		93.4
1960	27,088,000	649,651	196,544	453,107	24.0	7.3	16.7		84.6
1961	28,214,000	647,846	207,436	440,410	23.0	7.3	15.7		88.4
1962	29,064,000	775,146	169,880	605,266	26.7	5.9	20.8		58.6
1963	29,937,000	786,698	214,412	572,286	26.3	7.2	19.1		72.8
1964	30,841,000	802,648	222,097	580,551	26.0	7.2	18.8		70.5
1965	31,770,000	795,415	234,935	560,480	25.0	7.4	17.6		72.9
1966	32,727,000	823,342	236,396	586,946	25.2	7.2	18.0		72.0
1967	33,713,000	840,302	240,122	600,180	24.9	7.1	17.8		72.2
1968	34,728,000	898,570	261,893	636,677	25.9	7.5	18.4		71.0
1969	35,774,000	946,753	241,678	705,075	26.5	6.8	19.7		67.3
1970	36,684,000	966,762	234,038	732,724	26.4	6.4	20.0		60.0
1971	37,902,000	963,749	250,139	713,610	25.4	6.6	18.8		62.0
1972	38,991,000	968,385	285,761	682,624	24.8	7.3	17.5		67.9
1973	40,123,000	1,049,290	283,475	765,815	26.2	7.1	19.1		64.7
1974	41,279,000	1,081,073	283,975	797,098	26.2	6.9	19.3		58.7
1975	42,071,000	1,223,837	271,136	952,701	29.1	6.4	22.7		53.3
1976	43,338,000	1,314,860	299,861	1,014,999	30.3	6.9	23.4		56.9
1977	44,417,000	1,344,836	308,904	1,035,932	30.3	7.0	23.3		56.8
1978	45,498,000	1,387,588	297,034	1,090,554	30.5	6.5	24.0		53.1
1979	46,592,000	1,429,814	306,427	1,123,387	30.7	6.6	24.1		50.2
1980	48,098,000	1,456,860	298,006	1,158,854	30.3	6.2	24.1		45.1
1981	49,536,000	1,461,204	301,117	1,160,087	29.5	6.1	23.4		44.1
1982	50,783,000	1,474,491	308,758	1,165,733	29.0	6.1	22.9		41.8
1983	52,055,000	1,506,356	327,260	1,179,096	28.9	6.3	22.6		42.7
1984	53,351,000	1,478,205	313,359	1,164,846	27.7	5.9	21.8		38.5
1985	54,668,000	1,437,154	334,663	1,102,491	26.3	6.1	20.2		38.0
1986	56,004,000	1,493,995	326,749	1,167,246	26.7	5.8	20.9		35.0
1987	57,356,000	1,582,469	335,254	1,247,215	27.6	5.8	21.8		32.1
1988	58,721,000	1,565,372	325,098	1,240,274	26.7	5.5	21.2		30.1
1989	60,097,000	1,565,254	325,621	1,239,633	26.0	5.4	20.6		27.5
1990	60,703,000	1,631,069	313,890	1,317,179	26.9	5.4	21.5		24.3
1991	63,729,000	1,643,296	298,063	1,345,233	25.8	4.7	21.1		20.9
1992	65,339,000	1,684,395	319,579	1,364,816	25.8	4.9	20.9		21.9
1993	66,982,000	1,680,896	318,546	1,362,350	25.1	4.8	20.3	4.1<ref name="2022NDHS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>	20.6
1994	68,624,000	1,645,011	321,440	1,323,571	24.0	4.7	19.3		18.9
1995	68,617,000	1,645,043	324,737	1,320,306	24.0	4.7	19.3		18.6
1996	69,951,000	1,608,468	344,363	1,264,105	23.0	4.9	18.1		19.0
1997	71,549,000	1,653,236	339,400	1,313,836	23.1	4.7	18.4		17.0
1998	73,147,000	1,632,859	352,992	1,279,867	22.3	4.8	17.5	3.7<ref name="2022NDHS" />	17.3
1999	74,746,000	1,613,335	347,989	1,265,346	21.6	4.7	16.9		15.6
2000	76,348,000	1,766,440	366,931	1,399,509	23.1	4.8	18.3		15.7
2001	77,926,000	1,714,093	381,834	1,332,259	22.0	4.9	17.1		15.2
2002	79,503,000	1,666,773	396,297	1,270,476	21.0	5.0	16.0		14.2
2003	81,081,000	1,669,442	396,331	1,273,111	20.6	4.9	15.7	3.5<ref name="2022NDHS" />	13.7
2004	82,663,000	1,710,994	403,191	1,307,803	20.7	4.9	15.8		13.2
2005	84,241,000	1,688,918	426,054	1,262,864	20.0	5.1	14.9		12.8
2006	86,973,000	1,663,029	441,036	1,221,993	19.1	5.1	14.0		13.1
2007	88,706,000	1,749,878	441,956	1,307,922	19.7	5.0	14.7		12.4
2008	90,457,000	1,784,316	461,581	1,322,735	19.7	5.1	14.6	3.3<ref name="2022NDHS" />	12.5
2009	92,227,000	1,745,585	480,820	1,264,765	18.9	5.2	13.7		12.4
2010	94,013,000	1,782,981	488,265	1,294,716	19.0	5.2	13.8		12.6
2011	95,053,000	1,746,864	498,486	1,248,378	18.4	5.3	13.2		12.8
2012	96,328,000	1,790,367	514,745	1,275,622	18.6	5.3	13.2		12.4
2013	97,571,000	1,761,602	531,280	1,230,322	17.9	5.4	12.5	3<ref name="2022NDHS" />	12.5
2014	99,138,000	1,748,857	536,999	1,211,858	17.6	5.4	12.2		12.3
2015	100,699,000	1,744,767	560,605	1,184,162	17.3	5.5	11.8		11.9
2016	102,530,000	1,731,289	582,183	1,149,106	16.8	5.6	11.2		12.6
2017	104,169,000	1,700,618	579,262	1,121,356	16.2	5.5	10.7	2.7<ref name="2022NDHS" />	11.9
2018	105,755,000	1,668,120	590,709	1,077,411	15.8	5.6	10.2		12.6
2019	107,288,150	1,674,302	620,724	1,053,578	15.6	5.8	9.8		13.0
2020	109,202,700	1,528,624	613,936	914,688	14.0	5.6	8.4	1.9	11.0
2021	110,081,700	1,364,739	879,429	485,310	12.4	8.0	4.4		13.6
2022	110,939,800	1,455,393	679,766	775,627	13.0	6.1	6.9		13.8
2023	111,941,200	1,448,522	694,821	753,701	12.8	6.2	6.6	1.75	14.9
2024								1.55

Current vital statistics

<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

As the finalized, instead of provisional, live birth data for 2022 was published on January 5, 2024,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> while the corresponding finalized death data was published on February 6, 2024,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> it's better to take the monthly provisional updates with a 12-month delay. For example, regarding the latest provisional update at the end of July 2024, the data within the reference period from January through July 2023 would be reliable, while the data from August on would likely be underregistered & would face large revision during future months.

Period	Live births	Deaths	Natural increase
January - April 2023	476,973	227,012	+249,961
January - April 2024	410,147	227,743	+182,404
Difference	Template:Decrease -66,826 (-14%)	Template:Increasenegative +731 (+0.3%)	Template:Decrease -67,557

UN estimates

citation

CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Period	Live births per year	Deaths per year	Natural change per year	CBR1	CDR1	NC1	TFR1	IMR1
1950–1955	981 000	269 000	712 000	48.6	13.3	35.3	7.42	96.8
1955–1960	1,095,000	285 000	810 000	45.7	11.9	33.8	7.27	86.5
1960–1965	1,218,000	299 000	919 000	43.0	10.6	32.5	6.98	77.4
1965–1970	1,334,000	311 000	1,023,000	40.4	9.4	31.0	6.54	67.8
1970–1975	1,461,000	326 000	1,136,000	38.3	8.5	29.8	5.98	59.3
1975–1980	1,643,000	346 000	1,297,000	37.4	7.9	29.5	5.46	51.8
1980–1985	1,801,000	368 000	1,433,000	35.6	7.3	28.3	4.92	45.2
1985–1990	1,968,000	393 000	1,575,000	34.0	6.8	27.2	4.53	39.5
1990–1995	2,084,000	419 000	1,664,000	31.8	6.4	25.4	4.14	34.5
1995–2000	2,216,000	450 000	1,766,000	30.2	6.1	24.1	3.90	30.1
2000–2005	2,360,000	487 000	1,873,000	28.8	5.5	23.3	3.70	26.3
2005–2010	2,318,000	528 000	1,790,000	25.9	5.5	20.4	3.30	23.0
2010–2015				24.1	5.8	18.3	3.05
2015–2020				20.6	5.8	14.8	2.58
2020–2025				19.6	6.2	13.4	2.45
2025–2030				18.6	6.5	12.1	2.34
1CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

File:Philippines population density.png

Population density (2010)

Demographic and health surveys

<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> <ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Total fertility rate (TFR) (wanted fertility rate) and crude birth rate (CBR):

Year	CBR (total)	TFR (total)	CBR (urban)	TFR (urban)	CBR (rural)	TFR (rural)
1993	29.7	4.09 (2.9)	28.5	3.53 (2.6)	30.9	4.82 (3.3)
1998	28.0	3.73 (2.7)	25.8	3.01 (2.3)	30.1	4.67 (3.3)
2003	25.6	3.5 (2.5)	24.7	3.0 (2.2)	26.7	4.3 (3.0)
2008	23.4	3.3 (2.4)	21.6	2.8 (2.1)	24.6	3.8 (2.7)
2013	22.1	3.0 (2.2)	21.5	2.6 (1.9)	22.6	3.5 (2.5)
2017	18.6	2.7 (2.0)	18.4	2.4 (1.8)	18.7	2.9 (2.2)
2022	13.3	1.9 (1.5)	12.7	1.7 (1.3)	14.0	2.2 (1.7)

Single mother phenomenon and illegitimate birth rate

More than half of the children born every year in the Philippines are illegitimate, and the percentage of illegitimate children is rising by 2% per year.<ref name="religioushypocrisy1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="religioushypocrisy2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="religioushypocrisy3">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="religioushypocrisy4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The percentage of unwed woman in live-in relationship is consistently rising e.g. from 5.2% in 1993 to 18.8% in 2022, i.e. over 30 years the percentage of women in live-in increased nearly 360%; and the percentage of women in a married arrangement is consistently decreasing every year e.g. from 54.4% in 1993 to 36.2% in 2022, i.e. over 30 years 33% less woman chose to marry.<ref name=phd1/>

Reporting Year	% of women in live-in relationship	% increase in women in live-in relationship	% of women in marriages	% change in women in marriages	PSA sources
2022	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-6.2%	<ref name=phd1/>
2017	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-3.4%	<ref name=phd1/>
2013	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-4.9%	<ref name=phd1/>
2008	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-4.9%	<ref name=phd1/>
2003	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-2.2%	<ref name=phd1/>
1998	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	Template:Percentage bar	-1.0%	<ref name=phd1/>
1993	Template:Percentage bar	Template:N/a	Template:Percentage bar	Template:N/a	<ref name=phd1>PSA: Women living with partners as if married at 30-year high in 2022 Template:Webarchive, GMA Network, 14 June 2023.</ref>

The following table, based on the annual official data sourced from Philippine Statistics Authority, shows the growing annual trend of illegitimate child births by percentages:

Reporting Year	Nationwide % of illegitimate children born every year	Nationwide % increase in illegitimate children compared to previous year	% of illegitimate children born in NCR every year	% of illegitimate children born in ARMM every year	PSA sources
2021	57.1%	0.1%	69.2%	5.2%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2020	57.0%	2.2%	68.4%	5.4%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2019	54.8%	0.5%	66.2%	4.8%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2018	54.3%	1.0%	65.8%	4.3%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2017	53.3%	4.1%	64.9%	4.3%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2016	49.2%	−2.9%	59.9%	4.8%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2015	52.1%	1.8%	63.0%	6.2%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2014	50.3%	2.1%	62.0%	6.6%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2013	48.2%	2.5%	60.9%	6.6%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2012	45.7%	1.1%	58.5%	5.4%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2011	44.6%	7.1%	56.9%	7.6%	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2008	37.5%	NA	NA	NA	citation	CitationClass=web }}</ref>

First time single mothers are mainly due to the teenage pregnancy among girls in the 17 to 19 years old age bracket, thus getting trapped in the cycle of poverty and abuse.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> Some females become prostitutes in the Philippines after they become unwed single mothers<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> from teenage pregnancy. As of 2016 more than half of Filipina women did not want additional children, but access to contraceptives was limited, and many people were hesitant to use what contraceptives were available due to opposition from the Catholic Church.<ref name="churchopposed1">Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="churchopposed2">Aries C. Rufo, 2013, "Altar of Secrets: Sex, Politics, and Money in the Philippine Catholic Church", Child sexual abuse by clergy Journalism for Nation Building Foundation.</ref> The reasons for the high illegitimate birthrate and single motherhood include the unpopularity of artificial contraception<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> inadequate sex education, delays in implementing birth control legislation and a machismo attitude among many Filipino males. There are three million household heads without a spouse, two million of whom were female (2015 PSA estimates).

Between 2010 and 2014, 54% of all pregnancies in the Philippines (1.9 million pregnancies) were unintended. Consequently, 9% of women between 15 and 19 years of age have begun childbearing, and every year there are 610 000 unsafe abortions. In 2017, modern contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) in "the Philippines was 40% among married women of reproductive age and 17% among unmarried sexually active women" and "Forty-six percent of married women used no contraceptive method in 2017 and 14% a traditional method." The "unmet need for family planning' which is the lack of access of contraceptives to women do not want to have more children or wish to delay having children was 17% among married women and 49% among unmarried and among unmarried only 22% women were able to access modern contraceptive methods. "As a consequence of the low contraceptive met need, 68% of unintended pregnancies occur in women not using any method and 24% in those using traditional methods" and the rest had to resort to unsafe traditional methods.<ref name="churchopposed3">Template:Cite journal</ref>

The Catholic Church in Philippines opposes sex before or outside marriage, and the use of modern contraceptive and the passing of laws allowing for divorce. The Catholic religion that was introduced by Spanish colonial era Catholic friars was adapted through a process of enculturation.<ref name=churchopposed4/> Hence, there is a gap between the [relatively more orthodox] scriptural Catholic religion and the version practiced by Filipinos in daily life.<ref name=churchopposed4/> 84% Filipinos are Catholic, and what Filipinos actually do in practice is different from what they believe in,<ref name="churchopposed4">Template:Cite book</ref> i.e. Filipinos practice a liberal cultural attitude towards sexual relationships while also contrastingly practicing orthodox Catholic religious belief which opposes the modern scientific contraceptives and laws based on the modern values, resulting in lack of access to family planning methods, stigmatization of medical abortions, a high number of unwanted pregnancies, lack of access to safe modern medical abortions, high and still rising trend of illegitimate newborn birth rate.

The law of the Philippines continues to differentiate and discriminate between filiation (recognition of the biological relationship between father and child) and legitimacy (legally considered a legitimate child), national law still continues to label the "nonmarital births" as "illegitimate", which has been criticized by the social and legal activists for the constitutional stigmatization and denial of equal legal rights.

Life expectancy

File:Life expectancy in the Philippines.svg

Life expectancy in the Philippines since 1938

File:Life expectancy by WBG -Philippines -diff.png

Life expectancy in the Philippines since 1960 by gender

Period	Life expectancy in years	Period	Life expectancy in years
1950–1955	55.4	1985–1990	64.7
1955–1960	57.1	1990–1995	65.7
1960–1965	58.6	1995–2000	66.8
1965–1970	60.1	2000–2005	67.5
1970–1975	61.4	2005–2010	68.0
1975–1980	61.7	2010–2015	68.6
1980–1985	62.9

Source: UN World Population Prospects<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Structure of the population

Age Group	Male	Female	Total	%
Total	51,069,962	49,909,341	100,979,303	100
0–4	5,590,485	5,228,446	10,818,931	10.71
5–9	5,596,837	5,246,083	10,842,920	10.74
10–14	5,405,418	5,088,524	10,493,942	10.39
15–19	5,202,239	4,988,946	10,191,185	10.09
20–24	4,795,772	4,671,722	9,467,494	9.38
25–29	4,252,817	4,107,630	8,360,447	8.28
30–34	3,755,963	3,585,931	7,341,894	7.27
35–39	3,447,349	3,295,338	6,742,687	6.68
40–44	2,995,391	2,853,937	5,849,328	5.79
45–49	2,680,464	2,603,861	5,284,325	5.23
50–54	2,227,579	2,202,968	4,430,547	4.39
55–59	1,785,436	1,821,398	3,606,834	3.57
60–64	1,325,815	1,435,368	2,761,183	2.73
65–69	878 327	1,037,798	1,916,125	1.90
70–74	523 237	696 843	1,220,080	1.21
75–79	338 520	520 578	859 098	0.85
80–84	169 388	305 752	475 140	0.47
85–89	69 930	148 296	218 226	0.22
90–94	21 868	53 087	74 955	0.07
95–99	5 956	14 010	19 966	0.02
100+	1 171	2 825	3 996	<0.01
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	16,592,740	15,563,053	32,155,793	31.84
15–64	32,468,825	31,567,099	64,035,924	63.41
65+	2,008,397	2,779,189	4,787,586	4.74

Age Group	Male	Female	Total	%
Total	55,641,183	54,557,471	110,198,654	100
0–4	5,713,939	5,376,619	11,090,558	10.06
5–9	5,721,245	5,393,760	11,115,005	10.09
10–14	5,571,493	5,266,058	10,837,551	9.83
15–19	5,282,220	5,065,572	10,347,792	9.39
20–24	5,025,243	4,778,690	9,803,933	8.90
25–29	4,731,675	4,491,835	9,223,510	8.37
30–34	4,332,532	4,161,373	8,493,905	7.71
35–39	3,809,605	3,689,326	7,498,931	6.80
40–44	3,315,063	3,236,820	6,551,883	5.95
45–49	2,991,320	2,930,462	5,921,782	5.37
50–54	2,552,972	2,536,854	5,089,826	4.62
55–59	2,159,465	2,201,321	4,360,786	3.96
60–64	1,679,598	1,793,510	3,473,108	3.15
65-69	1,202,310	1,377,181	2,579,491	2.34
70-74	757 578	957 989	1,715,567	1.56
75-79	450 941	660 111	1,111,052	1.01
80+	343 984	639 990	983 974	0.89
Age group	Male	Female	Total	Percent
0–14	17,006,677	16,036,437	33,043,114	29.99
15–64	35,879,693	34,885,763	70,765,456	64.22
65+	2,754,813	3,635,271	6,390,084	5.80

By region

Total fertility rate (TFR) and other related statistics by region, as of 2013:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Region	Total fertility rate	Percentage of women age 15–49 currently pregnant	Mean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
National Capital Region	2.3	3.0	3.0
Cordillera Administrative Region	2.9	4.8	4.0
Ilocos Region	2.8	4.5	3.2
Cagayan Valley	3.2	6.1	3.7
Central Luzon	2.8	4.1	3.3
Calabarzon	2.7	3.1	3.4
Mimaropa	3.7	5.8	4.5
Bicol	4.1	4.0	4.6
Western Visayas	3.8	4.2	4.2
Central Visayas	3.2	3.9	3.6
Eastern Visayas	3.5	5.9	4.0
Zamboanga Peninsula	3.5	6.4	4.5
Northern Mindanao	3.5	5.7	4.3
Davao	2.9	5.0	3.9
Soccsksargen	3.2	3.8	4.2
Caraga	3.6	6.6	4.4
ARMM	4.2	4.7	5.5

Ethnic groups and modern immigrants in the Philippines

File:Blumentritt - Ethnographic map of the Philippines, 1890.jpg

Ethnographic map of the Philippines, 1890

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Template:Further The majority of the people in the Philippines are related to Austronesian peoples. According to the CIA Factbook, the largest ethnic groups as of 2020 are the Tagalogs (26%), the Bisaya people (14.3%), the Ilocano people (8%), the Bicolano people (6.5%), the Waray people (3.8%), the Kapampangan people (3.0%), the Pangasinan people (1.9%), and the Maguindanao people (1.9%), among other local ethnicities (18.5%).<ref>Template:Citation</ref> The indigenous peoples of the Philippines form a minority of the population. Other large ethnic groups include Filipinos of Japanese, Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American descent. There are more than 175 ethnolinguistic groups in the Philippines, each with their own, identity, literature, tradition, music, dances, foods, beliefs, and history, but which form part of the tapestry of Filipino culture. The latest censuses did not take account of ethnicity, and the only census that included questions on ethnicity is of the 2000 census.

Nevertheless, a 2019 Anthropology Study by Matthew Go, published in the Journal of Human Biology, using physical anthropology, estimated that, 72.7% of Filipinos are Asian, 12.7% of Filipinos can be classified as Hispanic (Latin-American Mestizos or Austronesian-Spanish Mestizos), 7.3% as Indigenous American, African at 4.5% and European at 2.7%.<ref name="PhilippineAnthropologyStudy">An Inter-University Study published in the Journal of Forensic Anthropology concluded that the bodies curated by the University of the Philippines, representing the country, showed the percentage of the population that's phenotypically classified as Hispanic is 12.7%, while that of Indigenous American is 7.3%. Thus totaling to 20% of the sample representative of the Philippines, are Latino in physical appearance. Template:Cite journal</ref> However, this is only according to an interpretation of the data wherein the reference groups, which were cross checked to the Filipino samples; for the Hispanic category, were Mexican-Americans, and the reference groups for the: European, African, and Indigenous American, categories, were: White Americans, Black Americans, and Native Americans from the USA, while the Asian reference groups were sourced from Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese origins.<ref name="PhilippineAnthropologyStudy" />

In contrast, a different anthropology study using Morphoscopic ancestry estimates in Filipino crania using multivariate probit regression models by J. T. Hefner, while analyzing Historic and Modern samples of Philippine skeletons, paint a different picture,<ref name="Hefner">Template:Cite journal</ref> in that, when the reference group for "Asian" was Thailand (Southeast Asians) rather than Chinese, Japanese, and Vietnamese; and the reference group for "Hispanic" was Colombians (South Americans) rather than Mexicans,<ref name="Hefner" /> the historical and modern sample results for Filipinos, yielded the following ratios: Asian at 48.6%, African at 32.9%, and only a small portion classifying as either European at 12.9%, and finally for Hispanic at 5.7%.<ref name="Hefner" />

The total number of immigrants and expats in Philippines as of the 2010 census is 177,365.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> By country:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col

• United States of America: 29,972
• China: 28,705
• Japan: 11,584
• India: 9,007
• Korea, South: 5,822
• Korea, North: 4,846
• Canada: 4,700
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: 3,474
• Australia: 3,360
• Germany: 3,184
• Indonesia: 2,781
• Taiwan: 1,538
• Italy: 1,460
• Afghanistan: 1,019
• France: 1,014
• Spain: 1,009
• Switzerland 872
• Turkey: 739
• Singapore: 691
• South Africa: 681
• Malaysia: 673
• Saudi Arabia: 621
• Norway: 550
• Israel: 514
• Sweden: 513
• Iran: 498
• Tunisia: 479
• Belgium: 445
• Congo: 444
• Austria: 424
• Pakistan: 421
• Netherlands: 407
• Algeria: 389
• Ecuador: 387
• Denmark: 374
• United Arab Emirates: 368
• Ireland: 362
• Myanmar: 355
• Vietnam: 351
• Oman: 342
• New Zealand: 325
• Thailand: 286
• Hungary: 206
• Nigeria: 162
• Jordan: 150
• Sri Lanka: 146
• Kuwait: 144
• Egypt: 135
• Brazil: 134
• Bangladesh: 133
• Greece: 129
• Portugal: 127
• Argentina: 125
• Mexico: 123
• Russia: 120
• East Timor: 119
• Armenia: 115
• Lebanon: 110
• Cape Verde: 109
• Colombia: 106
• Suriname: 106
• Qatar: 102
• Others: 1,617

Languages

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} According to the Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, there are 135 ethnic languages in the Philippine archipelago, each spoken by the respective ethno-linguistic group, except for the national Filipino language which is spoken by all 134 ethno-linguistic groups in the country. Most of the languages have several varieties (dialects), totaling over 300 across the archipelago. In the 1930s, the government promoted the use of the Tagalog language as the national language, and called the new Tagalog-based language as the national Filipino language, becoming the 135th ethnic language of the country.<ref name="Gonzalez98">Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Failed verification<ref>Template:Cite book, Template:ISBN, Template:ISBN.</ref>Template:Failed verification Visayan languages (Cebuano, Waray, Hiligaynon, etc.) are widely spoken throughout the Visayas and in most parts of Mindanao. Ilokano is the lingua franca of Northern Luzon excluding Pangasinan. Zamboangueño Chavacano is the official language of Zamboanga City and lingua franca of Basilan.

Filipino and English are the official languages of the country for purposes of communication and instruction.<ref name="constitution" /> Consequently, English is widely spoken and understood, although fluency has decreased as the prevalence of Tagalog in primary and secondary educational institutions has increased.

Religion

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The Philippine Statistics Authority in October 2015 reported that Template:Rnd% of the total Filipino population were Roman Catholics, 10.8% were Protestant and Template:Rnd% were Islamic.<ref name="PSA-2015PSY">Template:Cite journal</ref> Although the 2012 International Religious Freedom (IRF) reports that an estimate by the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) in 2011 stated that there were then 10.3 million Muslims, or about 10 percent of the total population however this is yet to be proven officially.<ref>International Religious Freedom Report 2012 : Philippines, U.S. Department of State.</ref> In 2000, according to the "World Values Survey", 1.8% were Protestant Christians and 10.9% were then irreligious.<ref name="dentsu">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>{{ safesubst:#invoke:Unsubst||date=__DATE__ |$B= Template:Fix }} Other Christian denominations include the Iglesia ni Cristo (one of a number of separate Churches of Christ generally not affiliated with one another), Aglipayan Church, Members Church of God International, and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Minority religions include Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism. Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during the four centuries of Western influence by Spain, and the United States. Under Spanish rule, much of the population was converted to Christianity.

Orthodox Christianity also has a presence in the Philippines. The Orthodoxy was brought over by Russian and Greek immigrants to the Philippines. Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the 20th century, introduced by American missionaries.

Other religions include Judaism, Mahayana Buddhism, often mixed with Taoist beliefs, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Indigenous Philippine folk religions.

Population by religious affiliation (2015)

Affiliation	Number
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	74,211,896
Islam	Template:Bartable	5,127,084
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	2,469,957
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	2,251,941
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	1,071,686
Aglipayan	Template:Bartable	916,639
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	681,216
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	480,409
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	449,028
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	410,957
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	287,734
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	258,176
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	207,246
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	177,147
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	169,956
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	154,686
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	138,364
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	137,885
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	133,814
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	106,509
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	96,102
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	73,248
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	65,008
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	53,146
Buddhist	Template:Bartable	46,558
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	46,558
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	45,000
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	42,796
Template:Nowrap	Template:Bartable	36,230
Others	Template:Bartable	299,399
TOTAL			92,097,978
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority<ref name="PSA-2015PSY" />

Education

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Education in the Philippines has been influenced by foreign models, particularly the United States, and Spain.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Philippine students enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery school up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, students enter elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by junior high school (4 years) and senior high school (2 years). Students then take the college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter university (3 to 5 years). Other types of schools include private school, preparatory school, international school, laboratory high school, and science high school. School year in the Philippines starts from June, and ends in March with a two-month summer break from April to May, one week of semestral break in October, and a week or two during Christmas and New Year holidays.

Starting in SY 2011–2012 there has been a phased implementation of a new program. The K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school [SHS]).<ref name="k12">Template:Cite news</ref>

Publications

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• 1903 Census of the Philippine Islands, Volumes 1 Template:Webarchive, 2 Template:Webarchive, 3 Template:Webarchive, 4 Template:Webarchive

External links

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