Template:Short description
Template:Use mdy dates
Template:Infobox tennis biography
Doris Hart (June 20, 1925 – May 29, 2015) was an American tennis player who was active in the 1940s and first half of the 1950s. She was ranked world No. 1 in 1951. She was the fourth player, and second woman, to win a Career Grand Slam in singles. She was the first of only three players (all women) to complete the career "Boxed Set" of Grand Slam titles, which is winning at least one title in singles, doubles, and mixed doubles at all four Grand Slam events. Only she and Margaret Court achieved this during the amateur era of the sport.
Hart played collegiate tennis for the Miami Hurricanes at the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida.
Tennis careerEdit
Hart reached 67 Grand Slam finals and won 35 titles, tying with Louise Brough for sixth on the all-time list (behind Margaret Smith Court (64), Martina Navratilova (59), Billie Jean King (39), Serena Williams (39), and Margaret Osborne duPont (37)). Six of her titles were in women's singles, 14 in women's doubles, and 15 in mixed doubles.<ref name="nyt">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}</ref> Hart is one of only three players, all women, to have a "boxed set" of Grand Slam titles — every possible title (singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles) from all four Grand Slam tournaments. The others are Margaret Smith Court and Martina Navratilova.<ref name="nyt"/> Hart was the first person to accomplish this feat.<ref name="globe">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}</ref>
As a child, Hart suffered from osteomyelitis, which resulted in a permanently impaired right leg. She started playing tennis when she was 10 years old, greatly encouraged by her brother Bud.<ref name="nyt"/>
After losing seven Grand Slam finals from 1942 through 1946, Hart won her first Grand Slam title at the 1947 Wimbledon Championships in women's doubles. At that point, she was still a student at the University of Miami.<ref name="guardian">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Her first Grand Slam singles title came at the 1949 Australian National Championships, where she was the only non-Australian player in the draw. She also won singles titles at the 1950 and 1952 French International Championships, the 1951 Wimbledon Championships (routing doubles partner Shirley Fry in the final),<ref name="guardian"/> and the 1954 and 1955 U.S. National Championships.<ref name="guardian"/><ref name="abc">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}</ref> The 1955 U.S. singles final was the last Grand Slam singles match of her career.<ref name="abc"/>
Hart won the singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles titles at the 1951 Wimbledon Championships, playing the finals of all three events on the same day (July 7, 1951).<ref name="guardian"/> She also won the "triple crown" at the 1952 French International Championships and the 1954 U.S. National Championships.<ref name="TelegObit">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}</ref>
During her Wightman Cup career from 1946 through 1955, Hart was a perfect 14–0 in singles matches and 8–1 in doubles matches.<ref name="nyt"/>
Hart did not lose a Grand Slam women's doubles match from the 1951 French International Championships through the semifinals of the 1954 Wimbledon Championships, 43 matches in total, although she skipped 4 Grand Slam tournaments during this period. She also did not lose a mixed doubles match at the 13 Grand Slam tournaments she played from the 1951 French International Championships through the 1955 U.S. National Championships. She (and partner Stan Smith) lost in the third round of the 1968 Wimbledon Championships to Frew McMillan and Annette Van Zyl Du Plooy 6–3, 12–10.
According to John Olliff and Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph and the Daily Mail, Hart was ranked in the world top 10 from 1946 through 1955 (no rankings issued from 1940 through 1945), reaching a career high of world No. 1 in those rankings in 1951.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Hart was included in the year-end top 10 rankings issued by the United States Lawn Tennis Association from 1942 through 1955. She was the top ranked U.S. player in 1954 and 1955.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Hart retired from the tour in late 1955 to become a tennis teaching professional. Her autobiography Tennis with Hart was published that year.<ref name="TelegObit"/>
She was inducted into the inaugural Class of 1967 inductees to the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame and inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1969.
She died on May 29, 2015, at her home in Coral Gables, Florida, at age 89.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
Grand Slam finalsEdit
Singles (6 titles, 12 runners-up)Edit
| Result
|
Year
|
Championship
|
Surface
|
Opponent
|
Score
|
| Loss |
1946 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
9–11, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1947 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
2–6, 4–6
|
| Loss |
1947 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
3–6, 6–3, 4–6
|
| Loss |
1948 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough |
3–6, 6–8
|
| Win |
1949 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton |
6–3, 6–4
|
| Loss |
1949 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
3–6, 1–6
|
| Loss |
1950 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough |
4–6, 6–3, 4–6
|
| Win |
1950 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
6–4, 4–6, 6–2
|
| Loss |
1950 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1951 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
3–6, 6–3, 3–6
|
| Win |
1951 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
6–1, 6–0
|
| Win |
1952 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
6–4, 6–4
|
| Loss |
1952 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
3–6, 5–7
|
| Loss |
1953 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
2–6, 4–6
|
| Loss |
1953 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
6–8, 5–7
|
| Loss |
1953 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
2–6, 4–6
|
| Win |
1954 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough |
6–8, 6–1, 8–6
|
| Win |
1955 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Ward |
6–4, 6–2
|
Doubles (14 titles, 16 runners-up)Edit
| Result
|
Year
|
Championship
|
Surface
|
Partner
|
Opponents
|
Score
|
| Loss |
1942 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–2, 5–7, 0–6
|
| Loss |
1943 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1944 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–4, 4–6, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1945 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
3–6, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1946 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
3–6, 6–2, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1946 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Pauline Betz |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 6–0, 1–6
|
| Win |
1947 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
3–6, 6–4, 7–5
|
| Loss |
1947 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
5–7, 2–6
|
| Loss |
1947 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
7–5, 3–6, 5–7
|
| Win |
1948 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Mary Arnold Prentiss
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
6–4, 6–2
|
| Loss |
1948 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
1–6, 1–6
|
| Loss |
1948 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 10–8, 1–6
|
| Loss |
1949 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Marie Toomey |
Template:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Template:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long |
0–6, 1–6
|
| Loss |
1949 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 8–10
|
| Win |
1950 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough |
Template:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Template:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long |
6–3, 2–6, 6–3
|
| Win |
1950 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
1–6, 7–5, 6–2
|
| Loss |
1950 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
4–6, 7–5, 1–6
|
| Loss |
1950 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
2–6, 3–6
|
| Win |
1951 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Beryl Bartlett
Template:Flagicon Barbara Scofield |
10–8, 6–3
|
| Win |
1951 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–2, 13–11
|
| Win |
1951 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Nancy Chaffee
Template:Flagicon Patricia Canning Todd |
6–4, 6–2
|
| Win |
1952 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Hazel Redick-Smith
Template:Flagicon Julia Wipplinger |
7–5, 6–1
|
| Win |
1952 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
8–6, 6–3
|
| Win |
1952 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly |
10–8, 6–4
|
| Win |
1953 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Template:Flagicon Julia Sampson |
6–4, 6–3
|
| Win |
1953 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Template:Flagicon Julia Sampson |
6–0, 6–0
|
| Win |
1953 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–2, 7–9, 9–7
|
| Loss |
1954 |
Wimbledon Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–4, 7–9, 1–6
|
| Win |
1954 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
6–4, 6–4
|
| Loss |
1955 |
U.S. National Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont |
3–6, 6–1, 3–6
|
Mixed doubles: 19 (15 titles, 4 runners-up)Edit
| Result
|
Year
|
Championship
|
Surface
|
Partner
|
Opponents
|
Score
|
| Loss |
1945 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Bob Falkenburg |
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont
Template:Flagicon Bill Talbert |
4–6, 4–6
|
| Loss |
1948 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Pat Canning Todd
Template:Flagicon Jaroslav Drobný |
3–6, 6–3, 3–6
|
| Loss |
1948 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon John Bromwich |
2–6, 6–3, 3–6
|
| Win |
1949 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Joyce Fitch
Template:Flagicon John Bromwich |
6–1, 5–7, 12–10
|
| Win |
1950 |
Australian Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Joyce Fitch
Template:Flagicon Eric Sturgess |
8–6, 6–4
|
| Loss |
1950 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Margaret Osborne duPont
Template:Flagicon Ken McGregor |
4–6, 6–3, 3–6
|
| Win |
1951 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long
Template:Flagicon Mervyn Rose |
7–5, 6–2
|
| Win |
1951 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Nancye Wynne Bolton
Template:Flagicon Mervyn Rose |
7–5, 6–2
|
| Win |
1951 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Template:Flagicon Mervyn Rose |
6–3, 6–2
|
| Win |
1952 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Thelma Coyne Long
Template:Flagicon Enrique Morea |
4–6, 6–3, 6–4
|
| Win |
1952 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Template:Flagicon Eric Sturgess |
6–8, 6–3, 6–3
|
| Win |
1952 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Frank Sedgman |
Template:Flagicon Thelma Long
Template:Flagicon Lew Hoad |
6–3, 7–5
|
| Win |
1953 |
French Championships |
Clay |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Maureen Connolly
Template:Flagicon Mervyn Rose |
4–6, 6–4, 6–0
|
| Win |
1953 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Template:Flagicon Enrique Morea |
9–7, 7–5
|
| Win |
1953 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Julia Sampson
Template:Flagicon Rex Hartwig |
6–2, 4–6, 6–4
|
| Win |
1954 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Margaret duPont
Template:Flagicon Ken Rosewall |
5–7, 6–4, 6–3
|
| Win |
1955 |
Wimbledon |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Louise Brough
Template:Flagicon Enrique Morea |
8–6, 2–6, 6–3
|
| Win |
1954 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Margaret duPont
Template:Flagicon Ken Rosewall |
4–6, 6–1, 6–1
|
| Win |
1955 |
U.S. Championships |
Grass |
Template:Flagicon Vic Seixas |
Template:Flagicon Shirley Fry
Template:Flagicon Gardnar Mulloy |
7–5, 5–7, 6–2
|
Grand Slam performance timelinesEdit
Template:Performance key
| Tournament |
1942 |
1943 |
1944 |
1945 |
19461 |
19471 |
1948 |
1949 |
1950 |
1951 |
1952 |
1953 |
1954 |
1955 |
1956– 1967 |
1968 |
1969 |
Career SR
|
| Australian Championships
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
F
|
W
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
1 / 2
|
| French Championships
|
R
|
R
|
R
|
A
|
F
|
F
|
W
|
A
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
5 / 7
|
| Wimbledon Championships
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
F
|
W
|
F
|
A
|
F
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
F
|
2R
|
A
|
2R
|
A
|
4 / 10
|
| U.S. National Championships
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
SF
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
F
|
A
|
A
|
1R
|
4 / 15
|
| SR
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 3
|
1 / 3
|
1 / 3
|
0 / 2
|
2 / 4
|
3 / 3
|
3 / 3
|
3 / 3
|
1 / 2
|
0 / 2
|
0 / 0
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
14 / 34
|
Mixed doublesEdit
| Tournament |
1942 |
1943 |
1944 |
1945 |
19461 |
19471 |
1948 |
1949 |
1950 |
1951 |
1952 |
1953 |
1954 |
1955 |
1956–1967 |
1968 |
1969 |
Career SR
|
| Australian Championships
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
W
|
W
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
2 / 2
|
| French Championships
|
R
|
R
|
R
|
A
|
2R
|
A
|
F
|
A
|
3R
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
A
|
3 / 6
|
| Wimbledon Championships
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
NH
|
4R
|
SF
|
F
|
A
|
SF
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
A
|
3R
|
A
|
5 / 10
|
| U.S. National Championships
|
2R
|
1R
|
QF
|
F
|
QF
|
1R
|
SF
|
QF
|
F
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
W
|
A
|
A
|
QF
|
5 / 15
|
| SR
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 3
|
0 / 2
|
0 / 3
|
1 / 2
|
1 / 4
|
3 / 3
|
3 / 3
|
3 / 3
|
2 / 2
|
2 / 2
|
0 / 0
|
0 / 1
|
0 / 1
|
15 / 33
|
R = tournament restricted to French nationals and held under German occupation.
1In 1946 and 1947, the French Championships were held after Wimbledon.
2Hart did not play at this event. Her opponent got a walkover.
ReferencesEdit
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External linksEdit
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