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Egon Wellesz

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Template:Short description Template:Use dmy dates Template:EngvarB Template:Infobox person Egon Joseph Wellesz, CBE, FBA (21 October 1885 – 9 November 1974) was an Austrian, later British composer, teacher and musicologist, notable particularly in the field of Byzantine music.

Early life and education in ViennaEdit

Egon Joseph Wellesz was born on 21 October 1885 in the Schottengasse district of Vienna to Samú Wellesz and Ilona Wellesz (née Lovenyi).<ref name="Grove">Template:Cite Grove</ref> Although his parents met and married in Vienna, they both originated from Hungary and came from Jewish families in that nation.<ref name="MS"/><ref name="Grove"/> His parents, while ethnically Hungarian Jews, were both practicing Christians in Vienna and Wellesz received a Protestant upbringing.<ref name="Grove"/> He later converted to Catholicism.<ref name="MS">Template:Cite book</ref> As a boy he attended the Template:Ill on Template:Ill where he received a classical education in Greek and Latin.<ref name="MS"/>

Wellesz's father worked in the textile business and his parents initially intended Wellesz to join him in his work, or pursue a career as a civil servant.<ref name="Grove"/><ref name="MS"/> In order to achieve that aim, his parents were intent upon Wellesz pursuing an education in law.<ref name="Grove"/> Accordingly, Wellesz entered the University of Vienna as a law student following the completion of his studies at the Franz-Joseph-Gymnasium.<ref name="MS"/> However, Wellesz's own career ambitions had been bent towards music for several years prior to his entrance to the University of Vienna.<ref name="Grove"/> This desire to pursue a music career had been formed after attending a performance of Carl Maria von Webers Der Freischütz under the baton of Gustav Mahler at the Vienna State Opera on October 21, 1898; a present from his parents on his 13th birthday.<ref name="Grove"/> This opera so moved Wellesz that he decided he wanted to become a composer.<ref name="Grove"/> Prior to this experience, Wellesz had already had some excellent music education as a boy, as his mother was a music enthusiast and amateur pianist who encouraged music studies as a hobby.<ref name="Grove"/> He began his initial music training at a young age studying the piano with his mother's teacher, Carl Frühling.<ref name="MS"/>

In 1905, at the age of 19, Wellesz began studying harmony and counterpoint at Eugenie Schwarzwald's school with Arnold Schoenberg while simultaneously attending law classes at the university.<ref name="Grove"/><ref name="MS"/> Schwarzwald's school became an important part of not only his musical development but also his social life. There he became the conductor of a school choir and he met and befriended the poet Rainer Maria Rilke, the architect Adolf Loos, and the painter Oskar Kokoschka; the latter of whom painted his portrait in 1911. He also met his future wife, Template:Ill, who was a student at that school.<ref name="Grove"/> Wellesz's lessons with Schoenberg took place at Schoenberg's Template:Ill apartment where he received a thorough and rigorous training in the fundamentals of music.<ref name="Grove"/> These lessons, however, lasted only a matter of months, and ended when he began studies in musicology with Guido Adler at the University of Vienna later in 1905.<ref name="Grove"/><ref name="MS"/> Adler had founded the Musicological Institute at the University of Vienna and was a leading editor of the Austrian Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Österreich. He and Schoenberg's dual influences shaped much of Wellesz's musical and scholarly thought.<ref name="Grove"/> His 1921 book on Schoenberg is still a standard source on Schoenberg's early period.<ref>Bojan Bujić. 'Egon Wellesz Chamber Music', notes to Toccata CD TOCC0617 (2023)</ref>

Work as a scholar, lecturer, and composer in ViennaEdit

The main focus of Wellesz's early musicological research was Baroque opera; particularly those by composer Giuseppe Bonno who was the subject of his dissertation at the University of Vienna. He also edited Johann Joseph Fux's 1723 opera Template:Ill for publication in Adler's Denkmäler. Many years later Wellesz published a monograph on Fux in 1965. He graduated from the University of Vienna with a degree in musicology in 1908, and his dissertation on Bonno was published the following year.<ref name="Grove"/> He married Emmy Stross in 1908, and had a very long and happy marriage.<ref name="MS"/>

In 1913 Wellesz joined the faculty of the University of Vienna as a lecturer in music history.<ref name="Grove"/> That same year he embarked upon what would become a lifelong interest in the musical achievements of Byzantium.<ref>Miloš Velimirović. "Egon Wellesz and the Study of Byzantine Chant", in The Musical Quarterly, April 1976, pp. 265–277 Template:JSTOR</ref> This interest initially arose from dialogues and debates with the Austrian art historian Josef Strzygowski who at this time was putting forward a new theory that many of the elements of Early Christian architecture, such as the rounded dome, originated not in the West but in the East; ideas published in his Orient oder Rom. Wellesz had plenty of opportunity to discuss these theories directly with Strzygowski as his wife Emmy was an art historian who specialized in the art of India and was a disciple and close friend of Strzygowski.<ref name="MS"/> These discussions awoke an interest in him to study the early roots of Christianity and compare the development of chant in the East and the West.<ref name="Grove"/>

1913 was also the first year one of Wellesz's compositions was publicly performed. The five-movement String Quartet No. 1, Op. 14, received its premiere on 31 October, showing the clear influence of Mahler and Schoenberg. Wellesz was the first pupil of Schoenberg to gain independent success as a composer, receiving a contract from Universal Edition before Berg or Webern.<ref>MacDonald, Calum. Notes to Nimbus CD 5821 (2008)</ref> Three further string quartets followed during the war years, establishing his preference for linear chromaticism, and some of them explicitly categorised as atonal.<ref name=MQ>Hans Redlich and Arthur Mendel. "Egon Wellesz" in The Musical Quarterly, January 1940, pp. 65–75 Template:JSTOR</ref> However, it was with dramatic music that Wellesz really made his mark, starting with the ballet Das Wunder der Diana in 1914. In the following 12 years he completed five operas and three ballets, many of the libretti and ballet scenarios written by the important literary figures Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Jakob Wassermann. Operas such as Alkestis (1924) and Die Bakchantinnen (1931) take their subject matter from ancient mythology and, in contrast to the Wagnerian tradition, use techniques such as dance pantomime and coloratura singing derived from Claudio Monteverdi and Christoph Willibald Gluck.<ref name=MQ/>

In 1922 Wellesz, along with Rudolph Reti and others, founded the Internationale Gesellschaft für Neue Musik (IGNM) following the Internationale Kammermusikaufführungen Salzburg, a festival of modern chamber music held as part of the Salzburg Festival.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This soon evolved into the International Society for Contemporary Music, founded in 1923 with its headquarters in London. The Cambridge academic Edward J. Dent, whom Wellesz had met on his first trip to London in 1906, was elected as its president.<ref>Fauser, AnneGret. "The Scholar behind the Medal: Edward J. Dent (1876–1957) and the Politics of Music History", in Journal of the Royal Musical Association, vol. 139, no. 2 (2014), pp. 235–260 Template:JSTOR</ref><ref>Haas, Michael. "Egon Wellesz: The Forgotten Modernist", in Forbidden Music, 4 June 2014</ref>

In 1929 Wellesz was promoted from lecturer to professor at the University of Vienna; succeeding Adler in his position at the university.<ref name="MS"/> He remained in that post until the events of the Anschluss on 13 March 1938 made it no longer safe for him to reside in Austria.<ref name="MS"/>

Life in EnglandEdit

In 1938 Wellesz was forced to leave Austria in the wake of the Anschluss (annexation by Nazi Germany). By good fortune he was in Amsterdam on 12 March 1938 to hear his orchestral suite Prosperos Beschwörungen ("Prospero's Invocation", after The Tempest) conducted by Bruno Walter.<ref name="notesuspremieresym3">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Once in England he worked for a time on Grove's Dictionary of Music, but in July 1940 he was interned as an enemy alien, ultimately in Hutchinson Camp in the Isle of Man. He gained his release later that year, on 13 October,<ref>Peter Revers. "Wellesz in Oxford", pp. 616–620, in Friedrich Stadler, Vertriebene Vernunft, vol. 2, part 2: "Emigration – Exil – Kontinuität" (2004) Template:ISBN (in German)</ref> thanks to intercessions by Ralph Vaughan Williams and H. C. Colles, the long-standing chief music critic of The Times.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Following his internment in 1940 Wellesz found himself unable to compose, a creative block eventually broken by the composition of the String Quartet No. 5 (1943–44), the first important work of his English period.<ref name="Grove" /> His response to the great English poet Gerard Manley Hopkins also helped re-kindle his urge to compose, resulting in his setting of The Leaden and the Golden Echo in 1944.<ref name=mel>Mellers, Wilfrid. "Egon Wellesz: An 80th Birthday Tribute", in The Musical Times, vol. 106, no. 1472 (October 1965), pp. 766–767 Template:JSTOR</ref>

File:Welleszgrave.jpg
Grave of Egon Wellesz, his wife and other family members at the Zentralfriedhof in Vienna

Despite his composing, Wellesz remains best known as an academic and teacher, and for his extensive scholarly contributions to the study of Byzantine music and opera in the 17th century. These contributions brought for him an honorary doctorate from Oxford University in 1932 and later a fellowship at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he remained until his death.<ref>'Lincoln College: Egon Wellesz and other Emigrées in 1930s Britain Template:Webarchive, Oxford Facility of Music</ref> His pupils there included Herbert Chappell, Martin Cooper, Kunihiko Hashimoto, Spike Hughes, Frederick May, Wilfrid Mellers, Nigel Osborne and Peter Sculthorpe. He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1953.

A portrait was made of Wellesz by Jean Cooke, who had been commissioned for the work by Lincoln College.<ref name="Telegraph obit">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="BBC Slideshow">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (There is also an early portrait, painted in 1911 by Oskar Kokoschka).<ref>Smithsonian Institution</ref> Wellesz continued composing until he suffered a stroke in 1972. He died two years later and was buried in the Zentralfriedhof in Vienna. His widow Emmy Stross, whom he married in 1908, returned to live in Vienna until her own death in 1987.<ref name="Grove" />

MusicEdit

Wellesz composed at least 112 works with opus numbers as well as some 20 without numbers. His large scale dramatic works (including six operas) were mostly completed during his Vienna period (the main exception being the comic opera Incognita, written with the Oxford poet Elizabeth Mackenzie and first staged there in 1952). Robert Layton said Alkestis was "probably his most remarkable achievement for the stage. Its invention is marvellously sustained and organically conceived".<ref>"Obituary", The Musical Times, January 1975, pp. 68–69 Template:JSTOR</ref>

He wrote nine symphonies and nine number of string quartets, the former starting in 1945<ref name="austrianinbritain">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the latter throughout his life. Several of his symphonies have titles, including the second (the English), fourth (the Austriaca) and seventh (Contra torrentem). They were generally well received in Austria, Germany and England, but even so the Third Symphony (1950–51) was only published posthumously and only received its world premiere in Vienna in 2000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Other compositions included the Octet, Op. 67 (using Schubert's combination); a piano concerto, Op. 49, a violin concerto, Op. 84; and a number of vocal works with orchestral or chamber accompaniment.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Stylistically his earliest music, somewhat like that of Ernst Krenek, is in a dissonant but recognisably tonal style; there is a definite second period of sorts around the time of the first two symphonies (1940s) in which his music has a somewhat Brucknerian sound – in the symphonies sometimes an equal breadth.<ref name="austrianinbritain" />

Rather than follow his teacher Schoenberg's Expressionist style, Wellesz found inspiration in music from the pre-modern era (with the exception of Mahler), becoming a forerunner to the anti-Romantic currents of the twenties.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite journal</ref> As well as the dramatic works, the chamber and orchestral pieces with voice often use these "baroque" elements. An example is the cantata Amor Timido (1933), a favourite of Wilfrid Mellers.<ref>Mellers, Wilfrid. 'The Music of Egon Wellesz', in The Listener, 31 August 1950, p 33</ref> Elsewhere, the neo-classical spirit of Hindemith is evident, as in the Piano Concerto (1931) and (still there much later) in the Divertimento (1969).<ref name=pan>Review of Pan Classics 510104 (1999) at MusicWeb International</ref>

He wrote:

In place of the infinite melody, the finite must return, in the place of dissolved, amorphous structures, clear, clearly outlined forms. The opera of the future must tie in with the traditions of Baroque opera. This is the natural form, the innermost essence of opera.<ref name=":0" />

RecordingsEdit

A complete recording set of his nine symphonies by the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Gottfried Rabl is available, and there are recordings of three of the quartets, choral works including the Mass, the violin and piano concertos, and other orchestral works including Prosperos Beschwörungen, Vorfrühling and the Symphonic Epilogue.<ref name=pan/><ref>Capriccio 67 077 (2004), reviewed at MusicWeb International</ref>

  • Chamber music: Clarinet Quintet, Op. 81, String Trio, Op. 86, Four Pieces for String Quartet, Op. 103, and Four Pieces for String Trio, Op. 105. Veles Ensemble, Toccata TOCC0617 (2023)
  • Choral music and song: Mass in F, Op. 61; Missa Brevis, Op. 89, To Sleep Op. 94. Choir of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford. Nimbus NI5852 (2011)
  • Piano Concerto: with Triptychon, Op. 98; Divertimento, Op. 107; Drei Skizzen, Op. 6; Eklogen, Op. 11. Karl-Andreas Kolly (piano), Luzerner Sinfonieorchester/Howard Griffiths, Pan Classics 510104 (1999)
  • Sonata for solo violin, Op. 72. Siân Philipps. Claudio CC6035-2 (2024)
  • String quartets: No. 3, 4 and 6. Template:Ill Vienna. Nimbus NI 5821 (2008)
  • Symphonies No. 1–9 (4-CD Set). Radio Symphonieorchester Wien/Gottfried Rabl, CPO 777183-2 (2009)
  • 20th Century Portraits': The Dawn of Spring; Sonnets from the Portuguese Op. 52; Song of the World, Op. 54; Life, dream and death Op. 55; Ode to Music, Op. 92; Vision, Op. 99; Symphonic Epilogue, Op. 108. Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin/Roger Epple, Capriccio 67 077 (2004)
  • Violin Concerto: with Prosperos Beschwörungen, Op. 53. Andrea Duka Lowenstein (violin), Radio Symphonie Orchester Wien/Gerd Albrecht, ORFEO C 478 981 (1999)

WorksEdit

StageEdit

ChoralEdit

  • Drei gemischte Chöre, Op. 43 (1930), text: Angelus Silesius
  • Fünf kleine Männerchöre, Op. 46 (1932) from Der fränkische Koran by Ludwig Derleth
  • Drei geistliche Chöre, Op. 47 (1932) for men's chorus based on poems from Mitte des Lebens by Rudolf Alexander Schröder
  • Zwei Gesänge, Op. 48 (1932) based on poems from Mitte des Lebens by Rudolf Alexander Schröder
  • Mass in F minor, Op. 51 (1934). Recorded by the choir of Christ Church, Oxford, 2010
  • Quant'è bella Giovinezza, Op. 59 (1937), for women's choir
  • Carol, Op. 62a (1944) for women's choir
  • Proprium Missae, Laetare, Op. 71 (1953) for choir and organ
  • Kleine Messe in G major, Op. 80a (1958) for three similar voices a capella
  • Alleluia, Op. 80b (1958) for soprano or tenor solo
  • Laus Nocturna, Op. 88 (1962)
  • Missa brevis, Op. 89 (1963). Recorded by the choir of Christ Church, Oxford, 2010
  • To Sleep, Op. 94 (1965). Recorded by the choir of Christ Church, Oxford, 2010
  • Offertorium in Ascensione Domini (1965). Recorded by the choir of Christ Church, Oxford, 2010
  • Festliches Präludium, Op. 100 (1966) on a Byzantinium Magnificat for choir and organ

OrchestralEdit

  • Heldensang, Op. 2 (1905), symphonic prologue for large orchestra
  • Vorfrühling ('The Dawn of Spring'), Op. 12 (1912), symphonic poem. Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Suite, Op. 16 (1913), for orchestra
  • Mitte des Lebens, Op. 45 (1931–32), cantata for soprano, choir, and orchestra
  • Piano Concerto, Op. 49 (1933). Recorded by Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, soloist Margarete Babinsky, 2010
  • Amor Timido, Op. 50 (1933), aria for soprano and small orchestra, text: Pietro Metastasio
  • Prosperos Beschwörungen, Op. 53 (1934–36), five symphonic movements for orchestra after The Tempest. Recorded by Radio Symphonie Orchester Wien/Gerd Albrecht.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
  • Lied der Welt, Op. 54 (1936–38), for soprano and orchestra. Text: Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Leben, Traum und Tod, Op. 55 (1936–37), for alto and orchestra. Text: Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Schönbüheler Messe in C major, Op. 58 (1937), for choir, orchestra, and organ
  • Symphony No. 1, Op. 62 (1945)
  • Symphony No. 2, Op. 65 (1947–48), The English
  • Symphony No. 3, Op. 68 (1949–51)
  • Symphony No. 4, Op. 70 (1951–53), Austriaca
  • Symphony No. 5, Op. 75 (1955–56)
  • Violin concerto, Op. 84 (1961), dedicated to the violinist Eduard Melkus. Recorded by Andrea Duka Lowenstein in 1999 and David Frühwirth in 2010.
  • Four Songs of Return, Op. 85 (1961), for soprano and chamber orchestra, after texts by Elizabeth Mackenzie
  • Duineser Elegie, Op. 90 (1963) for soprano, choir, and orchestra after Rainer Maria Rilke
  • Ode an die Musik, Op. 92 (1965) for baritone or alto and chamber orchestra, text: Pindar, adapted from Friedrich Hölderlin. Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Symphony No. 6, Op. 95 (1965)
  • Vision for soprano and orchester, Op. 99 (1966), text: Georg Trakl. Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Mirabile Mysterium, Op. 101 (1967) for soloist, choir, and Orchester
  • Symphony No. 7, Op. 102 (1967–68), Contra torrentem
  • Canticum Sapientiae, Op. 104 (1968) for baritone, choir, and orchestra after texts from the Old Testament
  • Divertimento, Op. 107 (1969), for small orchestra. Recorded by Luzerner Sinfonieorchester/Howard Griffiths, 1999
  • Symphonic Epilogue, Op. 108 (1969). Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Symphony No. 8, Op. 110 (1970)
  • Symphony No. 9, Op. 111 (1970–71)

Chamber and instrumentalEdit

  • Der Abend, Op. 4 (1909–10), four pieces for piano
  • Drei Skizzen, Op. 6 (1911), for piano. Recorded by Karl-Andreas Kolly, 1999
  • Eklogen, Op. 11, four pieces for piano. Recorded by Karl-Andreas Kolly, 1999
  • String Quartet No. 1, Op. 14 (1912)
  • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 20 (1915–16)
  • Idyllen, Op. 21 (1917), five pieces for piano after poems by Stefan George
  • Geistliches Lied, Op. 23 (1918–19) for singing voice, violin, viola, and piano
  • String Quartet No. 3, Op. 25 (1918). Recorded by Artis-Quartett Vienna, 2008
  • String Quartet No. 4, Op. 28 (1920). Recorded by Artis-Quartett Vienna, 2008
  • Sonata for violoncello solo, Op. 31 (1920)
  • Zwei Stücke for clarinet and piano, Op. 34 (1922)
  • Sonata for violin solo, Op. 36 (1923)
  • Suite for violin and chamber orchestra, Op. 38 (1924)
  • Sonnets from the Portuguese for soprano and string quartet or string ensemble, Op. 52 (1934). Recorded by Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, 2004
  • Suite for violoncello solo, Op. 39 (1924)
  • Suite for violin and piano, Op. 56 (1937/1957)
  • Suite for flute solo, Op. 57 (1937)
  • String quartet No. 5, Op. 60 (1943)
  • The Leaden Echo and the Golden Echo, cantata for soprano, clarinet, violoncello, piano, Op. 61 (1944), text: Gerard Manley Hopkins
  • String Quartet No. 6, Op. 64 (1946). Recorded by Artis-Quartett Vienna, 2008
  • String Quartet No. 7, Op. 66 (1948)
  • Octet, Op. 67 (1948–49) for clarinet, bassoon, horn, two violins, viola, violoncello, and contrabass<ref>Continental Britons: The Emigre Composers NIMBUS NI 5730/1 (2007), reviewed at MusicWeb International</ref>
  • Sonata for violin solo, Op. 72 (1953/59)
  • Suite, Op. 73 (1954) for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, and bassoon
  • Suite for solo clarinet, Op. 74 (1956)
  • Suite for solo oboe, Op. 76 (1956)
  • Suite for solo bassoon, Op. 77 (1957)
  • Fanfare for solo horn, Op. 78 (1957)
  • String Quartet No. 8, Op. 79 (1957). Recorded by Artis-Quartett Vienna, 2008
  • Quintet, Op. 81 (1959) for clarinet, 2 violins, viola, and violoncello
  • String trio, Op. 86 (1962)
  • Rhapsody for viola solo, Op. 87 (1962)
  • Musik for string orchestra in one movement, Op. 91 (1964)
  • Fünf Miniaturen for violins and piano, Op. 93 (1965)
  • Partita in Honor of Johann Sebastian Bach, Op. 96 (1965) for organ
  • String Quartet No. 9, Op. 97 (1966)
  • Triptychon, Op. 98, three pieces for piano (1966). Recorded by Karl-Andreas Kolly, 1999
  • Four Pieces for string quartet, Op. 103 (1968)
  • Four Pieces for string trio, Op. 105 (1969, second version 1971)
  • Five Studies in Grey, Op. 106, for piano (1969)
  • Four Pieces for string quintet, Op. 109 (1970)
  • Prelude for viola solo, Op. 112 (1971)

Decorations and awardsEdit

BibliographyEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

Template:Reflist

Further readingEdit

  • Hans F. Redlich, "Egon Wellesz", in: The Musical Quarterly, XXVI (1940), 65–75.
  • Rudolph Reti, "Egon Wellesz, Musician and scholar", in: The Musical Quarterly, XLII (1956), 1–13.
  • Robert Scholium, "Egon Wellesz", in: Österreichische Komponisten des XX. Jahrhunderts, vol. 2, Vienna: Elisabeth Lafite 1964.
  • Caroline Cepin Benser, Egon Wellesz (1885–1974): Chronicle of a Twentieth-Century Musician, New York: P. Lang, 1985 Template:ISBN.
  • Otto Kolleritsch (ed.), "Egon Wellesz", Studien zur Wertungsforschung, vol. 17, Graz and Vienna: Universal Edition 1986.
  • Lorenz Wedl, "Die Bacchantinnen" von Egon Wellesz oder das göttliche Wunder, Vienna/Cologne/Weimar, Böhlau 1992.
  • Harald Kaufmann, "Gespräch mit Egon Wellesz", in: Harald Kaufmann, Von innen und außen. Schriften über Musik, Musikleben und Ästhetik, ed. by Werner Grünzweig and Gottfried Krieger. Wolke: Hofheim, 1993, Template:Pp..
  • Knut Eckhardt, Das Verhältnis von Klangfarbe und Form bei Egon Wellesz, Göttingen: Edition Re, 1994.
  • David Symons, Egon Wellesz. Composer, Wilhelmshaven, Florian Noetzel 1996.
  • Snowman, Daniel, The Hitler Emigrés Template:Webarchive, Penguin, 2002
  • Marcus G. Patka/Michael Haas (eds.): Hans Gál und Egon Wellesz: Continental Britons. Ausstellung "Continental Britons – Hans Gál und Egon Wellesz des Jüdischen Museums der Stadt Wien vom 25. Februar – 2. Mai 2004 (= Musik des Aufbruchs). Im Auftrag des Jüdischen Museums Wien. Vienna: Mandelbaum-Verlag, 2004, Template:ISBN.
  • Jürgen Maehder, "Das Quiché-Drama »Rabinal Achí«, Brasseur de Bourbourg und das Tanzdrama »Die Opferung des Gefangenen« von Egon Wellesz", in: Peter Csobádi, Ulrich Müller, et al. (eds.), Das (Musik)-Theater in Exil und Diktatur und seine Rezeption. Vorträge und Gespräche des Salzburger Symposiums 2003, Anif/Salzburg: Müller-Speiser 2005, Template:Pp..
  • Pietro Massa, "Antikerezeption und musikalische Dramaturgie in Die Bakchantinnen von Egon Wellesz", in: Peter Csobádi, Ulrich Müller et al. (eds.), Das (Musik)-Theater in Exil und Diktatur und seine Rezeption. Vorträge und Gespräche des Salzburger Symposiums 2003, Anif/Salzburg: Müller-Speiser 2005, Template:Pp..
  • Michael Hass, Forbidden Music: The Jewish Composers Banned by the Nazis, Yale University Press, 2013
  • Jörg Bierhance, The Observation of Form: The form analysis method of Constantin Bugeanu in reference to the 1st and 5th Symphonies of Egon Wellesz, Academia, 2018
  • Bojan Bujić: Arnold Schoenberg and Egon Wellesz: A Fraught Relationship, Boydell and Brewer, 2020

External linksEdit

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