Elaeocarpus
Template:Short description Template:Automatic taxobox
Elaeocarpus is a genus of nearly five hundred species of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae native to the Western Indian Ocean, Tropical and Subtropical Asia, and the Pacific. Plants in the genus Elaeocarpus are trees or shrubs with simple leaves, flowers with four or five petals usually, and usually blue fruit.
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DescriptionEdit
Plants in the genus Elaeocarpus are mostly evergreen trees or shrubs, a few are epiphytes or lianes, and some are briefly deciduous. The leaves are arranged alternately, simple (strictly compound with only one leaflet) with a swelling where the petiole meets the lamina, often have toothed edges, usually have prominent veins and often turn red before falling. The flowers are usually arranged in a raceme, usually bisexual, have four or five sepals and petals and many stamens. The petals usually have finely-divided, linear lobes. The fruit is an oval to spherical drupe that is usually blue, sometimes black, with a sculptured endocarp.<ref name="RBGV">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="RBGS">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="thesis">Template:Cite thesis</ref>
Taxonomy and namingEdit
The genus Elaeocarpus was first formally described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum,<ref name=APC>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="L.">Template:Cite book</ref> although Johannes Burman published an illustration of "Elaecarpus serrata" in his book Thesaurus zeylanicus, but without a description of the genus.<ref name="Burman">Template:Cite book</ref> The first species described by Linnaeus (the type species) was Elaeocarpus serratus.<ref name="APC" /> The name Elaeocarpus is derived from Greek and means ‘olive-fruited’.<ref name="Gledhill">Template:Cite book</ref>
SpeciesEdit
See also List of Elaeocarpus species
There are about 488 species of Elaeocarpus, found on the islands of the western Indian Ocean, in tropical and subtropical Asia, Australia and on Pacific islands.<ref name="POWO">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Selected speciesEdit
- Elaeocarpus acmosepalus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus amoenus Template:Small - (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus angustifolius Template:Small - (India, Bangladesh, China, Indochina, Indonesia, Australia, Papua New Guinea and surrounding islands)
- Elaeocarpus arnhemicus Template:Small - (northern Australia, New Guinea)
- Elaeocarpus bancroftii Template:Small - (Queensland)
- Elaeocarpus bifidus Template:Small - Hawaiian Islands (Kauaʻi & Oʻahu)
- Elaeocarpus blascoi Template:Small - (India, threatened)
- Elaeocarpus bojeri Template:Small - (Mauritius)
- Elaeocarpus brigittae Template:Small - (Sumatra)
- Elaeocarpus calomala Template:Small -
- Elaeocarpus carolinae Template:Small - (north-east Queensland)
- Elaeocarpus ceylanicus Template:Small - (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus colnettianus Template:Small - (New Caledonia)
- Elaeocarpus cordifolius Template:Small - (Kalimantan, Sarawak)
- Elaeocarpus coriaceus Template:Small - (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus costatus Template:Small - (Lord Howe Island)
- Elaeocarpus cruciatus Template:Small - (Malaysia, threatened)
- Elaeocarpus culminicola Template:Small - (New Guinea, Queensland)
- Elaeocarpus dentatus Template:Small - (New Zealand)
- Elaeocarpus dinagatensis Template:Small - (Philippines)
- Elaeocarpus eriobotryoides Template:Small - (Malaysia)
- Elaeocarpus eumundi Template:Small - (Australia)
- Elaeocarpus ferrugineus Template:Small - (Malaysia, Borneo)
- Elaeocarpus fraseri Template:Small - (Malaysia)
- Elaeocarpus gaussenii Template:Small - (India, critically endangered)
- Elaeocarpus gigantifolius Template:Small - (Philippines)
- Elaeocarpus glandulifer Template:Small - (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus grandis Template:Small – blue quandong (New South Wales, Queensland)
- Elaeocarpus griffithii Template:Small – (Island and mainland Southeast Asia)
- Elaeocarpus hedyosmus Template:Small - (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus holopetalus Template:Small – (New South Wales, Victoria, Australia)
- Elaeocarpus homalioides Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus hookerianus Template:Small – (New Zealand)
- Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Template:Small – (Thailand)
- Elaeocarpus inopinatus Template:Small – (Borneo)
- Elaeocarpus integrifolius Template:Small – (Mauritius)
- Elaeocarpus joga Template:Small – (Mariana Islands, Palau)
- Elaeocarpus kirtonii Template:Small – silver quandong (New South Wales, Queensland)
- Elaeocarpus lanceifolius Template:Small – (Tropical Asia)
- Elaeocarpus miriensis Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus montanus Template:Small – (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus moratii Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus munroi Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus nanus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus obovatus Template:Small – (Australia)
- Elaeocarpus obtusus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus prunifolius Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus pseudopaniculatus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus recurvatus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus reticosus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus reticulatus Template:Small – blueberry ash (eastern Australia)
- Elaeocarpus royenii Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus rugosus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus sedentarius Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus serratus Template:Small – (South Asia)
- Elaeocarpus simaluensis Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus stipularis Template:Small – (Indo-China, Malaysia)
- Elaeocarpus subvillosus Template:Small – (Japan, Taiwan, China, Indochina).
- Elaeocarpus sylvestris Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus symingtonii Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus taprobanicus Template:Small – (Sri Lanka)
- Elaeocarpus thorelii Template:Small – (Cambodia)
- Elaeocarpus venustus Template:Small
- Elaeocarpus williamsianus Template:Small – hairy quandong (New South Wales)