Ernest Lehman
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Ernest Paul Lehman<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (December 8, 1915 – July 2, 2005) was an American screenwriter and film producer.<ref name=NYT>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was nominated six times for Academy Awards for his screenplays during his career, but did not win.<ref name=NYT/> At the 73rd Academy Awards in 2001, he received an Honorary Academy Award in recognition of his achievements and his influential works for the screen. He was the first screenwriter to receive that honor.
He received two Edgar Awards of the Mystery Writers of America for screenplays of suspense films he wrote for director Alfred Hitchcock: North by Northwest (1959), his only original screenplay, and Family Plot (1976), one of numerous adaptations.
Early life and educationEdit
Lehman was born in 1915 to Gertrude (Thorn) and Paul E. Lehman.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Their Jewish family was based on Long Island.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Lehman attended the College of the City of New York (The City College of New York), from which he earned a bachelor's degree.<ref name="NYT" />
During World War II he was trained at the New England Radio Institute, then worked as a radio operator for the aviation industry.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
CareerEdit
After graduation, Lehman started working as a freelance writer. Lehman felt that freelancing was a "very nervous way to make a living", so he began writing copy for a publicity firm that focused on plays and celebrities. He drew from this experience for the screenplay of the film Sweet Smell of Success (1957), which he co-wrote with playwright Clifford Odets.
Lehman also published many short stories and novellas in magazines such as Colliers, Redbook and Cosmopolitan. These attracted the attention of Hollywood managers, and in the mid-1950s Paramount Pictures signed him to a writing contract. His first film, Executive Suite (1954), was a success.
Lehman was asked to collaborate on the romantic comedy Sabrina (1954), which was released the same year and also became a hit. Some of his most notable works are the screenplay adaptations of the musical West Side Story (1961)<ref name=NYT/> and the mega-hit film version of The Sound of Music (1965), another musical.<ref name=NYT/>
Collaboration with Alfred HitchcockEdit
In 1958, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer had hired Hitchcock to make a film called The Wreck of the Mary Deare, based on Hammond Innes' novel of the same name. Collaborating with Lehman, Hitchcock produced North by Northwest (1959) instead. This was one of Lehman's few original screenplays (rather than adaptations). The film starred Cary Grant as Roger O. Thornhill, a Madison Avenue advertising executive who is mistaken for a government agent by a group of menacing spies (led by James Mason and Martin Landau). Lehman later said he intended North by Northwest to be "the Hitchcock picture to end all Hitchcock pictures." The writing process took Lehman a year, including several periods of writer's block, as well as a trip to Mount Rushmore to do research for the film's climax.
North by Northwest was one of Lehman's greatest triumphs in Hollywood and a huge hit for Hitchcock. For his efforts, Lehman received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay, as well as a 1960 Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best Motion Picture Screenplay.
Other projectsEdit
In addition to screenwriting, Lehman tried his hand at producing. He was among the few people who initially favored a film adaptation of Edward Albee's play Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?. He persuaded studio executive Jack L. Warner to allow him to take on the project, and the film was a critical sensation, garnering many Academy Award nominations. Lehman was also nominated for an Academy Award for producing Hello, Dolly! (1969), starring Barbra Streisand.<ref name=NYT/>
In 1972, Lehman directed Portnoy's Complaint, based on the novel by Philip Roth; this was his only directorial work.<ref name=NYT/> Later, he earned another Edgar Award for his screenplay for Alfred Hitchcock's final movie, Family Plot (1976).
By 1979, Lehman had stopped writing screenplays, aside from some television projects. He turned down offers to write for Jonathan Demme's The Silence of the Lambs and Brian De Palma's Mission: Impossible. Lehman completed adaptations for two films that were never made: a screenplay for the Noël Coward classic Hay Fever, and one for a musical version of Zorba the Greek. The latter was intended for direction by Robert Wise and starring actors Anthony Quinn and John Travolta.
In 1977, Lehman published the bestselling novel The French Atlantic Affair, about a group of unemployed, middle-class Americans who hijack a French cruise ship for a $35 million ransom. It was adapted as a TV miniseries in 1979.
Personal lifeEdit
Lehman married Jacqueline Shapiro in 1942. They had two sons, Roger and Alan. Jacqueline died in 1994.<ref name="NYT" />
In 1997, Lehman married Laurie Sherman. They had one son, Jonathan, and were married until his death.<ref name="NYT" />
Amateur radioEdit
Lehman held amateur radio callsign K6DXK.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> He was an active member of the Bel Air Repeater Association.
DeathEdit
Lehman died on July 2, 2005, at UCLA Medical Center after an apparent heart attack.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He was buried at the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles.
Writing creditsEdit
FilmographyEdit
- The Inside Story (story) (1948)
- Executive Suite (1954)
- Sabrina (with Billy Wilder & Samuel Taylor) (1954)
- Somebody Up There Likes Me (1956)
- The King and I (1956)
- Sweet Smell of Success (with Clifford Odets) (1957) also story
- North by Northwest (1959)
- From the Terrace (1960)
- West Side Story (1961)
- The Prize (1963)
- The Sound of Music (1965)
- Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)
- Hello, Dolly! (1969)
- Portnoy's Complaint (1972) also director
- Family Plot (1976)
- Black Sunday (with Kenneth Ross and Ivan Moffat) (1977)
TelevisionEdit
- The Chevrolet Tele-Theatre (1949) writer, one episode
- The Ford Television Theatre (1954) writer, one episode
- Lux Video Theatre (1955) writer, one episode
- Playhouse 90 (1957) writer, one episode
- Template:Interlanguage link (1957) based on Sweet Smell of Success
- The French Atlantic Affair (1979) based on his novel
BibliographyEdit
- Sweet Smell of Success and Other Stories aka The Comedian and Other Stories (1957) short stories
- The French Atlantic Affair (1977) novel
- Screening Sickness and Other Tales of Tinsel Town (1982) essays
- Farewell Performance (1982) novel
BiographyEdit
- Ernest Lehman: The Sweet Smell of Success (2022) by Jon Krampner
AccoladesEdit
Lehman received six Academy Award nominations during his career, but never won. At the 73rd Academy Awards ceremony in 2001, he became the first screenwriter to receive an Honorary Academy Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Lehman did, however, receive more honorable recognition from the Writers Guild of America than any other screenwriter in film history.
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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Template:Academy Honorary Award Template:Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written Musical Template:Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Motion Picture Screenplay Template:Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement Template:Authority control