Flip jump

The flip jump (also called the flip, and formerly toe salchow) is a figure skating jump. The International Skating Union (ISU) defines a flip jump as "a toe jump that takes off from a back inside edge and lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot".<ref name="mediaguide-16">Media Guide, p. 16</ref> It is executed with assistance from the toe of the free foot.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

History

The origin of the flip jump is unknown, although American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes might have created it.<ref name="mediaguide-16" /> Gustave Lussi claimed that he and his student Montgomery Wilson invented it.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The jump was sometimes called the Wilson in Canada and the Mapes in the United States after Mapes's wife, Evelyn Chandler Mapes, who popularized the jump there.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Writer Ellyn Kestnbaum calls the jump "somewhat trickier than the loop for most skaters. considerably more so than the salchow or toe loop",<ref name="cultureonice-289">Kestnbaum, p. 289</ref> because of its unstable inside edge and the precision required to align and time the jump's vault from the toepick.<ref name="cultureonice-289" /> As a consequence, quadruple flip jumps are, as ESPN puts it, "rare".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Kestnbaum also states that it is crucial that the skater's edge not be too deep, but instead almost forms a straight line.<ref>Kestnbaum, pp. 288–289</ref>

Variations of the flip jump include the half flip and the split flip. The half flip is often used as a simple transitional movement during a step sequence and as a takeoff for other half jumps. A split flip is a single flip jump with a split position at the peak of the skater's position in the air.<ref name="cultureonice-289" /> There is no record of the first male skater to perform the triple flip.<ref name="mediaguide-16" />

In competitions, the base value of a single flip is 0.50; the base value of a double flip is 1.80; the base value of a triple flip is 5.30; the base value of a quadruple flip is 11.00; and the base value of a quintuple flip is 14.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Firsts

Abbr.	Jump element	Skater	Nation	Event	Template:Abbr
3F	Triple flip (women's)	Template:Sortname	Template:Flagcountry	1981 European Championships	<ref name="mediaguide-16" />
	Triple flip (women's)	Template:Sortname	Template:Flagcountry
4F	Quadruple flip (men's)	Template:Sortname	Template:Flagcountry	2016 Team Challenge Cup	<ref name="mediaguide-17"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
	Quadruple flip (women's)	Template:Sortname	Template:Flagcountry	2019–20 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final	<ref name="mediaguide-17">Media guide, p. 17</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Gallery

• 2020-01-11 Women's Single Figure Skating Short Program (2020 Winter Youth Olympics) by Sandro Halank–705.jpg

  You Young begins the flip jump with her left foot on the inside edge and her right toe pick about to hit the ice

• 2020-01-11 Women's Single Figure Skating Short Program (2020 Winter Youth Olympics) by Sandro Halank–707.jpg

  You Young begins to take off the ice

• Březinová - 2016 Euro - 5.jpg

  Eliška Březinová landing

• Jason Brown 2025 Worlds Short Program 3F.webm

  Video of Jason Brown performing a triple flip jump

Works cited

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• Kestnbaum, Ellyn (2003). Culture on Ice: Figure Skating and Cultural Meaning. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. Template:ISBN.

External links

• Shoma Uno's first quad flip (YouTube clip)
• Comparison of Nathan Chen and Shoma Uno's quad flip (YouTube clip)