Garoua

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Garoua (also Garua; Fula: 𞤺𞤢𞤪𞤱𞤢, Garwa) is a port city and the capital of the North Region of Cameroon, lying on the Benue River. A thriving centre of the textiles and cotton industries, the city has approximately 1,285,000 inhabitants in 2020, mostly Fulbe/Fulani people.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

History

Garoua was established by the Fulani emir Modibbo Adama in the first half of the 19th century. During the steamship era, it developed into a major river port.<ref name="EB">Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>

The population of the city was 30,000 in 1967.<ref>Mark Dike DeLancey, Rebecca Neh Mbuh, Mark W. Delancey, Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon, Scarecrow Press, USA, 2010, p. 189</ref>

Geography

Garoua is situated in northern Cameroon, and lies on the Benue River.<ref name="GM"/> It serves as the gateway to Benoue National Park.<ref name="Ham2009">Template:Cite book</ref> Neighborhoods include Commercial Centre, Lopere, Quartier de Marouare, Poumpoumre, Roumde Adjia and the northwestern suburb of Yelwa, near Garoua International Airport.<ref name="GM">Template:Google maps</ref>

Climate

Garoua has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw), with a wet season and a dry season and the temperature being hot year-round. The average temperature in Garoua ranges from Template:Convert in December and January, the coolest months, to Template:Convert in April, the hottest month. The hottest time of year is in March and April, just before the wet season starts. March has the highest average high at Template:Convert, while the highest average low is Template:Convert in April. August has the lowest average high at Template:Convert, while December has the lowest average low at Template:Convert.

Garoua receives Template:Convert of rain over 88 precipitation days, with a distinct wet and dry season like most tropical savanna climates. December, January and February receive no precipitation at all. August, the wettest month, receives Template:Convert of rainfall on average. September has 24 precipitation days, which is the most of any month. Garoua receives 2927.1 hours of sunshine annually on average, with the sunshine being distributed evenly across the year, although it is lower during the wet season.

Demographics

In 2005, Garoua had a population of 495,996 people. The city is inhabited by the Fulbe ethnic group.<ref name="Drønen2009">Template:Cite book</ref> Due to a significant number of Chadian expatriates in the city, there is a Chadian Consulate here.<ref name="Ham2009"/>

Economy

As the fourth largest port in Cameroon,<ref name="Trillo2008">Template:Cite book</ref> Garoua is a major center of trade in the country.<ref name="Publications2005">Template:Cite book</ref> It developed as a centre for trade in petroleum, cement, hides, peanuts, and cotton, transported on ships along the Benue River, between Burutu in Nigeria.<ref name="EB"/> It has long been a thriving centre of the cotton industry and houses several textile processing facilities and factories.<ref name="Ndenecho2011">Template:Cite book</ref> The cotton company Sodecoton has one of its major centres in the city.<ref name="Raimond2013">Template:Cite book</ref> Leatherwork and fishing are also notable industries.<ref name="EB"/>

Sport

Roumdé Adjia Stadium was one of the arenas hosting the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations.

Places of worship

Among the places of worship, there are, predominantly, Muslim mosques. There are also Christian churches and temples: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Garoua (Catholic Church), Evangelical Church of Cameroon (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Presbyterian Church in Cameroon (World Communion of Reformed Churches), Cameroon Baptist Convention (Baptist World Alliance), Full Gospel Mission Cameroon (Assemblies of God).<ref>J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 484-486</ref>

Transport

Garoua is served by Garoua International Airport. <ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The United States military uses the airport as a base to conduct unmanned aerial vehicle operations.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The city lies on National Highway 1,<ref name="GM"/> at a junction of the road between Maroua and Ngaoundéré.<ref name="EB"/> The main road leading north through the town and past the airport is called Rue de la Gendarmerie.<ref name="GM"/>

Notable people

• Goggo Addi (1911–1999), storyteller who worked to preserve Fulani cultural heritage<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

• Ahmadou Ahidjo (1924–1989), first president of Cameroon<ref name="AppiahGates2010">Template:Cite book</ref>
• Youssoufa Daoua (in French) (1947–2015), politician
• Gautier Bello (born 1983), footballer
• Vincent Aboubakar (born 1992), professional footballer

External links

• Template:Commons category-inline