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Gramercy Park

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Gramercy Park<ref group="note">Sometimes misspelled as Grammercy</ref> (Template:IPAc-en) is the name of both a small, fenced-in private park,<ref name="Kugel">Template:Cite news</ref> and the surrounding neighborhood (which is also referred to as Gramercy),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in Manhattan in New York City.<ref name="nymag">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The approximately Template:Convert park, located in the Gramercy Park Historic District,<ref name="lpc" /> is one of two private parks in New York City – the other is Sunnyside Gardens Park in Queens<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> – as well as one of only three in the state;<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> only people residing around the park who pay an annual fee have a key,<ref name="Thinking" /> and the public is not generally allowed in. The sidewalks of the streets around the park are a popular jogging, strolling, and dog-walking route.

The neighborhood is mostly located within Manhattan Community District 6,<ref name="NYCPlanning6"/> with a small portion in Community District 5.<ref name="NYCPlanning5"/> It is generally perceived to be quiet and safe.<ref name="Thinking">Template:Cite news</ref>

The neighborhood, associated historic district, and park have generally received positive reviews. Calling it "a Victorian gentleman who has refused to die", Charlotte Devree in The New York Times said in 1957 that "There is nothing else quite like Gramercy Park in the country."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> When the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission created the Gramercy Park Historic District in 1966, they quoted from John B. Pine's 1921 book, The Story of Gramercy Park:

Template:Quote

BoundariesEdit

Gramercy Park itself is located between East 20th Street (called Gramercy Park South at the park), and East 21st Street (called Gramercy Park North), and between Gramercy Park West and Gramercy Park East, two mid-block streets which lie between Park Avenue South and Third Avenue. Irving Place commences at the southern end of Gramercy Park, running to 14th Street, and Lexington Avenue, a major north-south thoroughfare on the East Side of Manhattan, terminates at the northern end.

The neighborhood's boundaries are 14th Street to the south, First Avenue to the east, 23rd Street to the north, and Park Avenue South to the west.<ref name="Thinking" /> Nearby are the Flatiron District to the west, Union Square to the southwest, the East Village to the south, Stuyvesant Town and Peter Cooper Village to the east, Rose Hill to the northwest, and Kips Bay to the northeast.<ref group="note">Neighborhoods in New York City do not have official status, and their boundaries are not specifically set by the city. (There are a number of Community Boards, whose boundaries are officially set, but these are fairly large and generally contain a number of neighborhoods, and the neighborhood map Template:Webarchive issued by the Department of City Planning only shows the largest ones.)</ref>

The boundaries of the Historic District, set in 1966<ref name="lpc" /> and extended in 1988,<ref name="lpcext" /> are irregular, lying within the neighborhood, and can be seen in the map in the provided infobox. A proposed extension to the district would include more than 40 additional buildings on Gramercy Park East and North, Lexington Avenue, Park Avenue South, East 22nd and East 19th Streets, and Irving Place.<ref name="propext" />

EtymologyEdit

The area received its name as an anglicization of Crommessie,<ref name="streetbook">Template:Cite streetbook, s.v. "Gramercy Park": "Crommessie, the Dutch for 'crooked little knife', which described the shape of a brook and hill on the site. Judith Stuyvesant, widow of Governor Peter Stuyvesant referred to "Cromessie" in a deed she signed in 1674."</ref> which is derived from the Dutch {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, meaning 'little crooked swamp',<ref name=encnyc>Davis-Krum, Harriet. "Gramercy Park" in Template:Cite enc-nyc p.497</ref> or {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, meaning 'little crooked knife',<ref name=NYMag /> describing the shape of the swamp, brook and hill on the site. The brook, which later became known as Crommessie Vly,<ref name=gotham>Template:Cite gotham; page 577</ref> flowed in a 40-foot gully along what is now 21st Street into the East River at 18th Street. {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}/{{#invoke:Lang|lang}} became corrupted to Crommessie or Crommashie.<ref name=streetbook /><ref name=NYMag>Ramos, Sandra. Gramercy Park profile Template:Webarchive, New York. Accessed September 30, 2007.</ref><ref name=gotham /><ref name=fednyc>Template:Cite fednyc, pp.191–198</ref> Mayor James Duane – for whom the city's Duane Street is named – acquired the site in 1761 from Gerardus Stuyvesant and named it Gramercy Seat.<ref>Brown, Henry Collins (ed.) (1920) Valentine's Manual of Old New York (No. 4, New Series) New York: Valentine's Manual Inc.</ref><ref>Wilson, Rufus Rockwell (1902) New York: Old & New; Its Story, Streets, and Landmarks New York: Lippincott.</ref><ref name=times1909>Jackson, Robert McLeod. "'Gramercy' and Crummassie-Vly. (letter), The New York Times, March 1, 1909. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> Gramercy is an archaic English word meaning 'many thanks'.<ref>"Gramercy", Merriam-Webster.com. Accessed June 26, 2024. "Middle English grand mercy, from Anglo-French grand merci great thanks"</ref>

HistoryEdit

File:Flagstone near west gate to Gramercy Park.jpg
Flagstone near west gate to Gramercy Park bearing the words "Gramercy Park Founded By Samuel B. Ruggles 1831 Commemorated By This Tablet Imbedded in the Gramercy Farm By John Ruggles Strong 1875

Origin and developmentEdit

The area which is now Gramercy Park was once in the middle of a swamp. In 1831 Samuel B. Ruggles, a developer and advocate of open space, proposed the idea for the park due to the northward growth of Manhattan. He bought the property,<ref name=Kugel /> 22 acres of what was then a farm called "Gramercy Farm", from the heirs of James Duane, son of the former mayor, father of Army engineer James Chatham Duane, and a descendant of Peter Stuyvesant. Ruggles then deeded the land on December 17, 1832 to five trustees, who pledge to hold 42 lots in trust to be used as parkland.<ref name=chrono68>Template:Cite chrono</ref> To develop the property, Ruggles spent $180,000 to landscape it, draining the swamp and causing about a million horsecart loads of earth to be moved.<ref name=encnyc /><ref name=gotham /> He then laid out "Gramercy Square", deeding possession of the square to the owners of the 66 parcels of land he had plotted to surround it, and sought tax-exempt status for the park, which the city's Board of Aldermen granted in 1832. It was the second private square created in the city, after Hudson Square, also known as St. John's Park, which was laid out by the parish of Trinity Church.<ref name=lpc /> Numbering of the lots began at No. 1 on the northwest corner, on Gramercy Park West, and continued counter-clockwise: south down Gramercy Park West, then west to east along Gramercy Park South (East 20th Street), north up Gramercy Park East, and finally east to west along Gramercy Park North (East 21st Street).<ref name=lpc />

As part of his overall plan for the square, Ruggles received permission on January 28, 1833 from the Board of Alderman to open up Fourth Avenue, which had been limited to use by trains, to vehicular traffic.<ref name=chrono71>Template:Cite chrono</ref> He also brought about the creation by the state legislature of Lexington Avenue and Irving Place,<ref group=note>Ruggles named Irving Place after Washington Irving, but Irving never lived there, although he frequently visited a nephew who lived nearby.</ref> two new north-south roads laid out between Third and Fourth Avenues and feeding into his development at the top and bottom of the park.<ref name=gotham /> The new streets reduced the number of lots around the park from 66 to 60.<ref name=inside>Template:Cite inside, p.69</ref>

File:1-4 Gramercy Park townhouses.jpg
Some of the original townhouses surrounding the park, these at No. 1 through No. 4 Gramercy Park were built between 1844 and 1850

Gramercy Park was enclosed by a fence in 1833, but construction on the surrounding lots did not begin until the 1840s,<ref name=gotham /><ref>Staff. "Gramercy Park", The New York Times, July 3, 1921. Accessed March 28, 2017. Editorial on the 90th anniversary of the dedication of Gramercy Park.</ref> due to the Panic of 1837.<ref>Template:Cite gotham; page 612</ref> In one regard this was fortunate, since the opening of the Croton Aqueduct in 1842 allowed new townhouses to be constructed with indoor plumbing.<ref name=inside />

The first formal meeting of the park's trustees took place in 1844 at 17 Union Square (West), the mansion of James W. Gerard, which is no longer extant, having been demolished in 1938.<ref name=times2012 /> By that time, landscaping had already begun with the hiring of James Virtue in 1838, who planted privet inside the fence as a border; by 1839 pathways had been laid out and trees and shrubs planted.<ref name=tourflat /> Major planting also took place in 1844<ref name=lpc /> – the same year the park's gates were first locked<ref name=times2012 /> – followed by additional landscaping by Brinley & Holbrook in 1916. These plantings had the effect of softening the parks' prim formal design.<ref name=tourflat />

Later 19th century eventsEdit

In 1863, in an unprecedented gesture, Gramercy Park was opened to Union soldiers involved in putting down the violent Draft riots which broke out in New York, after conscription was introduced for the Civil War.<ref name=encnyc /> Gramercy Park itself had been protected with howitzers by troops from the Eighth Regiment Artillery, while the 152nd New York Volunteers encamped in nearby Stuyvesant Square.<ref name=gotham />

At No. 34 and No. 36 Gramercy Park (East) are two of New York's first apartment buildings, designed in 1883 and 1905.<ref name=access /> In addition, No. 34 is the oldest existing co-operative apartment building in the city.<ref>Template:Cite inside, p.151</ref> Elsewhere in the neighborhood, nineteenth century brownstones and carriage houses abound, though the 1920s brought the onset of tenant apartments and skyscrapers to the area.

File:Players Club.jpg
Exterior of The Players, a club founded in 1888 by actor Edwin Booth, at No. 16 Gramercy Park (South)

In 1890 an attempt was made to run a cable car through the park to connect Irving Place to Lexington Avenue.<ref name=lpc /> The bill passed the New York State Legislature, but was vetoed by Governor David B. Hill.<ref name=fednyc /> Twenty-two years later, in 1912, another proposal would have connected Irving Place and Lexington Avenue, bisecting the park, but was defeated through the efforts of the Gramercy Park Association, now called Gramercy Neighborhood Associates.<ref name=fednyc /><ref name=Garmey>Template:Cite book</ref>

In the late 19th century, numerous charitable institutions influential in setting social policy were located on 23rd Street, and some, such as the Federation of Protestant Welfare Agencies, still remain in the area. Calvary Church on Gramercy Park North has a food pantry that opens its doors once a week for one hour, and the Brotherhood Synagogue on Gramercy Park South served as an Underground Railroad station before the Civil War, when the building was a Quaker meeting house, established in 1859.<ref name=access />

20th and 21st centuriesEdit

The Hotel Irving, at 26 Gramercy Park South, was constructed c.1903.<ref>New York City Geographic Information System map</ref> Among its guests was a young Preston Sturges, who stayed there in 1914 while his mother lived with Isadora Duncan at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel. A townhouse on the north side of the Park was provided for Duncan's dancing school, and their studio was nearby on the northeast corner of Park Avenue South (then Fourth Avenue) and 23rd Street.<ref>Template:Cite sturges, p.120</ref> The Hotel Irving was converted to a co-op in 1986.<ref>"26 Gramercy Park South" Template:Webarchive on the Evans & Nye website</ref>

In the center of the park is a statue of one of the area's most famous residents, Edwin Booth, which was dedicated on November 13, 1918.<ref>Staff."Booth Statue Unveiled", The New York Times, November 14, 1918. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref><ref name=boothstat>Staff. "Booth Statue in Gramercy Park", The New York Times, November 17, 1918. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Staff (1919) "New York Honors Edwin Booth" Theatre Magazine (v.29 n.1)</ref> Booth was one of the great Shakespearean actors of 19th Century America, as well as the brother of John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of Abraham Lincoln. The mansion at No. 16 Gramercy Park (South) was purchased by Booth and renovated by Stanford White at his request to be the home of the Players' Club, which Booth founded. He turned over the deed to the building on New Year's Eve 1888.<ref name=access>Template:Cite accessnyc</ref><ref name=boothstat /> Next door at No. 15 Gramercy Park (South) is the National Arts Club, established in 1884 in a Victorian Gothic mansion which was originally home to the New York Governor and 1876 Presidential Candidate, Samuel J. Tilden. Tilden had steel doors and an escape tunnel to East 19th Street to protect himself from the sometimes violent politics of the day.<ref name=access />

On September 20, 1966, a part of the Gramercy Park neighborhood was designated an historic district,<ref name=lpc>"Gramercy Park Historic District" Template:Webarchive at the NYC Landmarks Preservation Commission "Unlike any other district in New York, Gramercy Park, which was planned as a fashionable residential neighborhood, has always remained a fashionable residential neighborhood."</ref> the boundaries of which were extended on July 12, 1988.<ref name=lpcext>"Gramercy Park Historic District and Extension" Template:Webarchive map at nyc.gov</ref> The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.<ref name="nris"/> A proposed extension of the district would include nearby buildings such as the Manhattan Trade School for Girls, now the School of the Future, and the Children's Court and Family Court buildings, now part of Baruch College, all on East 22nd Street.<ref name=propext>"Proposed Gramercy Park Historic District Extension" Template:Webarchive on the Gramercy Neighborhood Associates website</ref>

In 1983, Fantasy Fountain, a Template:Convert bronze sculpture by Greg Wyatt was installed in the park.<ref>Zimmer, Amy. "Missing Gramercy Park Statue Hunted in National Arts Club" Template:Webarchive, DNAinfo.com, April 20, 2011. Accessed March 28, 2017. "The nymph left the park just in time for the National Arts Club's 85th anniversary celebration, which included a dedication ceremony for another statue, Greg Wyatt's Fantasy Fountain."</ref>

One of the most significant steam explosions in New York City occurred near Gramercy Park in 1989, killing two Consolidated Edison workers and one bystander, and causing damage of several million dollars to area buildings.<ref>Pitt, David E. "2 Dead and 19 Hurt in Blast Of a Submerged Steam Pipe", The New York Times, August 20, 1989. Accessed March 28, 2017. "A 24-inch underground steam pipe exploded with a thunderous roar in the Gramercy Park section of Manhattan yesterday evening, killing two people and injuring 19 others, the police said."</ref>

In 2012, 18 Gramercy Park South – formerly the Salvation Army's Parkside Evangeline Residence for Women and then a facility of the School of Visual Arts – was sold to Eyal Ofer's Global Holdings and the Zeckendorf brothers for $60 million for conversion into condominium apartments by Robert A. M. Stern, including a $42 million penthouse duplex.<ref>18 Gramercy Park website</ref> The 17-story building is the tallest around the park and dates from 1927.<ref name=times2012 />

Ownership and access to the parkEdit

File:Gramercy Park in October 2014.JPG
Interior of the park, as seen through the fence from Gramercy Park East

Since December 31, 1831, Gramercy Park has been held in common by the owners of the 39 surrounding structures.<ref name="nyt 20080619">Konigsberg (2008)</ref> Two keys are allocated to each of the original lots surrounding the park, and the owners may buy keys for a fee, which was originally $10 per key, but Template:As of was $350, with a $1,000 fee for lost keys,<ref name=nymag /><ref name="nyt 20080619"/><ref>Ahern, Kaitlin. "Living in Gramercy Park", NYLuxury.com, December 1, 2009. Accessed January 7, 2011.</ref> which rises to $2,000 for a second instance.<ref name=times2012 /> The Medeco locks are changed annually,<ref name=tourflat>Template:Cite tourflat</ref> and any property that does not pay the annual assessment of $7,500 per lot has its key privileges revoked;<ref name=times2012 /> additionally, the keys are very hard to duplicate.<ref name="nyt 20080619"/> Template:As of, there were 383 keys in circulation, each individually numbered and coded.<ref name=times2012 />

Members of Players Club and the National Arts Club as well as guests of the Gramercy Park Hotel,<ref>Gramercy Park, Gramercy Park Hotel. Accessed March 28, 2017. "Guests are allowed access into the tranquil park and to step into a New York City of a quieter, gentler time."</ref> which has 12 keys,<ref name=tourflat /> have access, as does Calvary Church and the Brotherhood Synagogue; hotel guests are escorted to the park and picked up later by hotel staff.<ref name=times2012 /> In addition, the owners of the luxury condominium apartments at 57 Irving Place, completed in 2012, can obtain key access to the park by becoming members of the Players Club, even though the building is located several blocks from the park.<ref>Arak, Joey. "57 Irving Place Sneaks Into Gramercy Park Through Back Door", Curbed New York, August 4, 2008. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref>

At one time, the park was open to the public on an annual Gramercy Day whose date changed each year but was often the first Saturday in May. In 2007, the trustees announced that the park would no longer be open for Gramercy Day because it "had turned into a street fair".<ref name="nydailynews">Molloy, Joanna. "Gramercy Park Siege: Manhattan's only private oasis is site of battle to make it open to the public", New York Daily News, April 20, 2010. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> The park, however, continues to be open to the public on Christmas Eve.<ref>Staff. "Gramercy Park no longer open first Saturday in May", NewYorkOlogy, May 2, 2007. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> Visitors to the park may not drink alcohol, smoke, ride a bicycle, walk a dog, play ball or Frisbee, or feed the birds and squirrels.<ref name=times2012 />

In 2001, Aldon James of the National Arts Club that adjoins the park brought about 40 children, mostly minorities, into the park from the nearby Washington Irving High School on Irving Place. The trustee at the time, Sharen Benenson, called police alleging that the children were trespassing.<ref name="nydailynews" /> The police refused to take action. Later, a suit was filed against the park's administration in Federal Court.<ref>Kleinfeld, N. R. "Federal Lawsuit Charges Racial Exclusion at Gated Gramercy Park", The New York Times, January 18, 2001. Accessed March 28, 2017. "According to the suit, filed yesterday in Federal District Court two groups of largely minority schoolchildren who were invited to use the park on separate occasions last year by the National Arts Club, an institution that abuts the park and is entitled to keys, were ordered to leave by the chairwoman of the Gramercy Park Trust, which has sovereignty over the park."</ref><ref>Smith, Greg B. "Kids Chased From Gramercy Park, Bias Suit Says", New York Daily News, January 18, 2001. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Rish, George and Molloy, Joanna with Anderson, Kasia and Rubin, Lauren. "Madonna 'Grabs' London Spotlight", New York Daily News, May 15, 2002. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> The suit was settled out of court in 2003. Most of the children settled for $36,000 each, while one received $50,000.<ref name="nymag" /><ref>Fried, Joseph. "Following Up; Gramercy Park Bias Suit Approaches a Settlement", The New York Times, September 28, 2003. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref>

In December 2014, it was revealed in The New York Times that 360-degree panoramic pictures of the interior of the park – taken using Photo Sphere, a Google app within Google Street View, by Shawn Christopher from the Pittsburgh area – had been posted to Google Maps. Christopher got access to the park by renting a room through the Airbnb service and using the key to the park which came with the room. The Gramercy Park Block Association – which did not know about the photographs until informed by a Times reporter – did not give Christopher permission to shoot in the park, and he was unaware that photography was generally forbidden.<ref>Chaban, Matt A. V. "Peek in Gramercy Park, Key No Longer Required", The New York Times, December 1, 2014. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref><ref>Chaban, Matt A. V. "Times Insider: Story Behind the Story: Sneaking a Peek at a Protected Gramercy Park View". The New York Times, December 4, 2014. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref>

DemographicsEdit

File:Gramercy Park 1853 real estate map.jpg
An 1853 real estate map of the area around Gramercy Park

Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Gramercy Park was 27,988, an increase of 1,804 (6.9%) from the 26,184 counted in 2000. Covering an area of Template:Convert, the neighborhood had a population density of Template:Convert.<ref name=PLP5>Table PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010, Population Division – New York City Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June 16, 2016.</ref> The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 73.7% (20,623) White, 3.3% (923) African American, 0.1% (19) Native American, 13.4% (3,740) Asian, 0.0% (10) Pacific Islander, 0.3% (77) from other races, and 2.0% (573) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.2% (2,023) of the population.<ref name=PLP3A>Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin – New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010, Population Division – New York City Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.</ref>

Surrounding neighborhoodEdit

The neighborhood, which is called either "Gramercy Park" or "Gramercy", is generally considered to be a quiet and safe area.<ref name=Thinking /> While real estate in Manhattan is rarely stable, the apartments in the neighborhood around Gramercy Park have experienced little turmoil. East 19th Street between Third Avenue and Irving has been called "Block Beautiful" for its wide array of architecture and pristine aesthetic. Townhouses with generous backyards and smaller apartments alike coincide in a collage of architecture in Gramercy Park. The largest private house in the neighborhood, a 42-room mansion on Gramercy Park South, was on sale for $7 million in 1993.<ref name=Thinking />

The Gramercy Park neighborhood is located in the part of Manhattan where the bedrock Manhattan schist is located deeper underground than it is above 29th Street and below Canal Street, and as a result, and under the influence of zoning laws, the tallest buildings in the area top out at around 20 stories, and older buildings of 3–6 floors are numerous, especially on the side streets, but even on the avenues.Template:Citation needed

The quiet streets perpendicular to Irving Place have maintained their status as fashionable residential blocks reminiscent of London's West End. In 1912, a multiple dwelling planned specifically for bachelors appeared at 52 Irving Place. A Colonial Revival style structure with suites of rooms that lacked kitchen facilities was one of a small group of New York apartment houses planned for single men in the early years of the 20th century.

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Gramercy Park Hotel

Gramercy Park HotelEdit

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Gramercy Park Hotel was originally designed by Robert T. Lyons and built by Bing & Bing in 1925, replacing a row of townhouses. It was managed for many years by hotelier Herbert Weissberg, and in 2006 underwent a massive makeover by Ian Schrager, who in 2010 sold his interests and is no longer associated with the hotel. Interiors were designed by artist and filmmaker Julian Schnabel. The Hotel has views of Gramercy Park, and guests have access to the hotel's 12 keys to the park during their stay. Dining venues include the Rose Bar and Jade Bar, and rooftop Gramercy Terrace restaurant; Danny Meyer's Maialino is also in the Hotel.Template:Citation needed

The Hotel was the subject of a 2008 documentary film, Hotel Gramercy Park.<ref>Kung, Michelle (December 7, 2009) "'Hotel Gramercy Park' Film Traces the Famous Hotel's Highs, Lows" The Wall Street Journal</ref>

Irving PlaceEdit

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An assortment of restaurants, bars, and establishments line Irving Place, the main thoroughfare of the neighborhood south of the park. Pete's Tavern, New York's oldest surviving saloon, and where O. Henry is often erroneously said to have written The Gift of the Magi,<ref>Cooper, Michael. "Skeptic Takes Sword To Bars' Myths", The New York Times, September 29, 1996. Accessed March 28, 2017. "Pete's Tavern, and guidebooks, have long claimed that O. Henry wrote his most famous story, Gift of the Magi, in its first booth. In fact William Sidney Porter, better known as O. Henry, did live across Irving Place from the saloon, then called Healey's Tavern. And he did drink there frequently. But he apparently did not write his most famous plot twist there."</ref> survived Prohibition disguised as a flower shop. Irving Plaza, at East 15th Street and Irving, hosts numerous concerts for both well-known and indie bands and draws a crowd almost every night. There are also a number of clinics and official city buildings on Irving Place.Template:Citation needed

EducationEdit

SchoolsEdit

Two public high schools are located in the area: Washington Irving High School on Irving Place, and the School of the Future on 22nd Street at Lexington Avenue, which is also a middle school.<ref name="Zillow">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

P.S. 40, the Augustus Saint-Gaudens School, serving grades Pre-K to 5, is the only general public elementary school in the neighborhood; it is located on East 20th Street between First and Second Avenues, near the Augustus Saint-Gaudens Playground, Peter's Field, and the park at Stuyvesant Square.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The building also houses a middle school named after Jonas Salk: the Salk School of Science, serving grades 6–8.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> M.S. 104 the Simon Baruch Middle School, which also serves grades 6–8, is located just east of, P.S. 40 and Salk, on the same block but across the street.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Nearby, on East 23rd Street, is the American Sign Language and English School, a public elementary and middle school which provides American Sign Language immersion education for deaf and hearing children.<ref>Home Page, PS 347 The ASL and English Lower School. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> The ASL and English School building also hosts other public school programs.

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Gramercy Park Historic District sign on Irving Place

Also located in the neighborhood is The Epiphany School, a Catholic elementary school on 22nd Street at Second Avenue. Founded in 1885 for religious instruction in the parish of the Epiphany, the school has been a landmark – gutted and rebuilt – in the neighborhood for generations.<ref>Epiphany School official website</ref> At 20th Street and Second Avenue is a new building for the Learning Spring School, a private school for high-functioning autistic children<ref>LearningSpring School website Template:Webarchive</ref> funded by the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative.<ref>SFARI websiteTemplate:Dead link</ref> The building houses an elementary and middle school, grades K-8.<ref>"Full Board Meeting Minutes", Manhattan Community Board 6, February 11, 2009. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref>

The École Internationale de New York, a French international school, is primarily located in the Gramercy Park neighborhood,<ref name=Burtonp1>Burton, Monica (2011) "A Language en Vogue." Shoe Leather. Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute, New York University. p.1 (Archive). Accessed May 1, 2015.</ref> partly at 111 East 22nd Street between Park and Lexington Avenues, where the 1st, 2nd and 3rd grades and the Middle School are sited; and partly in the "Renwick Gem" of Calvary Church at 277 Park Avenue, where the 4th and 5th grades are located. There is also a preschool at 206 Fifth Avenue between West 25th and 26th Streets in the NoMad neighborhood.<ref>École International de New York website</ref>

Higher educationEdit

The buildings of Baruch College of the City University of New York (CUNY) are located in the neighborhood or nearby. Baruch College's Lawrence and Eris Field Building is located at the southeast corner of Lexington Avenue and 23rd Street in Gramercy.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The facilities of The School of Visual Arts are located on East 23rd Street and elsewhere. SVA students are housed in Gramercy Park Women's Residence, George Washington Hotel and the New Residence.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In addition, New York University's Gramercy Green dormitory is located in Gramercy.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

File:NYPL Epiphany Branch, Manhattan.jpg
The New York Public Library's Epiphany branch on East 23rd Street

LibraryEdit

The New York Public Library (NYPL)'s Epiphany branch is located at 228 East 23rd Street. The Epiphany branch opened in 1887 and moved to its current structure, a two-story Carnegie library, in 1907. It was renovated from 1982 to 1984.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Police and crimeEdit

Gramercy, along with Stuyvesant Town and Madison Square, is patrolled by the 13th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 230 East 21st Street.<ref name="NYPD 13th Precinct">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The 13th Precinct and neighboring 17th Precinct ranked 57th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. The high per-capita crime rate is attributed to the precincts' high number of property crimes.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The 13th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 80.7% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 2 murders, 18 rapes, 152 robberies, 174 felony assaults, 195 burglaries, 1,376 grand larcenies, and 37 grand larcenies auto in 2018.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Fire safety and hospitalsEdit

Gramercy is served by two New York City Fire Department (FDNY) fire stations.<ref>Template:Cite FDNY locations</ref> Engine Company 5 is located at 340 East 14th Street<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> while Engine Company 14 is located at 14 East 18th Street.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Nearby is the Hospital for Joint Diseases, part of the NYU Medical Center, and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary on 14th Street. Cabrini Medical Center, on East 19th and 20th Streets, closed down in 2008, but the buildings were purchased by Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in 2010, for use as a cancer outpatient facility.<ref>Staff. "Cabrini purchase gets green light; Helmsley Middletown hotel to close", Crain's New York Business, February 7, 2010. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> In addition, Beth Israel Medical Center in Stuyvesant Town operated until 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Post office and ZIP CodesEdit

Gramercy is located in two ZIP Codes. The area south of 20th Street is located in 10003, while the area north of 20th Street is located in 10010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The United States Postal Service operates the Madison Square Station post office at 149 East 23rd Street.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Notable residentsEdit

File:Gramercy Park Edwin Booth statue.jpg
The statue of Edwin Booth as Hamlet, by Edmond T. Quinn, was put in place at the center of the park by The Players in 1916

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Around the parkEdit

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Around the neighborhoodEdit

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Many actors, actresses and artists live in the district including Kate Hudson, Whitney Port, Joshua Bell, Jimmy Fallon and Amanda Lepore.<ref name=times2012 /> Amanda Peet grew up in the neighborhood. Winona Ryder once resided in Gramercy Park, but sold her co-operative apartment in 2008.<ref>Ohrstrom, Lysandra. "Winona Ryder Sells Gramercy Co-op For $2.2 M.", New York Observer, June 23, 2008. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref> The fashion designer Narciso Rodriguez has his studio on Irving Place and the neighborhood is home to numerous models' apartments from nearby agencies on Broadway. Ann Curry, an anchor for NBC News, also lives in the neighborhood. Actor Jim Parsons also maintains a residence there.

In popular cultureEdit

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Literature:

Year Title Author Description Ref.
1892 Gramercy Park: A Story of New York John Seymour Wood may be one of the first literary works set in the area citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1945 Stuart Little E. B. White The Little family live at "22 Gramercy Park". White describes as "[A] pleasant place near a park." <ref>Staff. "Meet Mister Little", Daytona Beach Morning Journal, March 6, 1966. Accessed March 28, 2017.</ref>
1930 Gramercy Park E.B. White A poem which was published in The New Yorker, about him and a friend climbing over the fence into the park. <ref>Elledge, Scott (1986) E. B. White: A Biography. New York: W. W. Norton. Template:ISBN</ref>
1949 The Family on Gramercy Park Henry Noble MacCracken's Set in the neighborhood. <ref>Staff. "Dr. Henry Noble MacCracken, Ex‐Vassar President, 89, Dies", The New York Times, May 8, 1970. Accessed March 28, 2017. "While still president of Vassar, Dr. MacCracken decided that upon retirement he would write books, not in his own field, which was English literature, but in another, preferably history. The first of these was The Family on Gramercy Park, reminiscences of himself as a 12‐year‐old in that neighborhood."</ref>
1961 Medusa in Gramercy Park Horace Gregory A book of poems citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1963 It's Like This, Cat Emily Cheney Neville The Newbery award winning children's book set in Gramercy Park. <ref>"It's Like This, Cat", University of Texas at Arlington, February 24, 2011. Accessed March 28, 2017. "Gramercy Park to this day is an oasis of privilege, but as captured in a 1963 children's book it seems almost surreally so."</ref>
1965 90 Gramercy Park Priscilla Dalton The address in the title of does not actually exist. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1970 Time and Again Jack Finney A character in lives in 19 Gramercy Park South around 1882.
1982 The Brownstone House of Nero Wolfe Ken Darby It's stated that Nero Wolfe's townhouse was actually on East 22nd Street in the Gramercy Park district
rather than the fictional West 35th street address(es) given in the novels to protect Wolfe's privacy.		 <ref>Darby, Ken (1983) The Brownstone House of Nero Wolfe New York: Little, Brown. p.8. Template:ISBN</ref>
1983 The Pirate of Gramercy Park Bruce Nicolaysen Part of the Novel of New York multi-generation family historical fiction series. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1988 Changes for Samantha Valerie Tripp Part of the American Girl series, Samantha stays at her Uncle and Aunt's brownstone house in Gramercy Park. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1996 A Dance Through Time Lynn Kurland The heroine Elizabeth Smith falls asleep on a bench in 1996's Gramercy Park only to wake up in 1311 Scotland
2001 Murder on Gramercy Park Victoria Thompson The mystery novel is part of the Gaslight Mystery series citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2003 Gramercy Park Paula Cohen A historical novel is set in 1894.
2005 The Monsters of Gramercy Park Danny Leigh A psychological thriller
2006 The Interpretation of Murder Jed Rubenfeld Several key scenes take place in the park nearby one of the book's main protagonists.
2007 The Luxe Anna Godbersen The book takes place in the neighborhood around Gramercy Park. <ref>Rathe, Adam. "Luxe Be A Ladt", The Brooklyn Paper, January 5, 2008. Accessed November 25, 2020. "The Luxe, while witty and catty and all of the delicious things that a YA book read by adults should be, is above all smart and interesting. Upon meeting the Hollands, readers learn that their grand digs on Gramercy Park, however nice they are, don't measure up to the mansions that the nouveau riche are building in the farmland along Fifth Avenue in the 50s."</ref>
2010 Assholes Finish First Tucker Max In his memoir he recounts that he gained access to Gramercy Park to win a bet with a female acquaintance.
2010 Big Girl Danielle Steel Writes about Gramercy Park in her novel
2024 Wrath of the Triple Goddess Rick Riordan Writes about Gramercy Park in his novel- the home of Hecate is located there

Films:

  • Note: Gramercy Park is a private park, and film companies are not usually allowed to shoot there.
Year Title Director Description Ref.
1935 Barbary Coast Howard Hawks The character Jim Carmichael, played by Joel McCrea, is said to live at 14 Gramercy Park, although currently residing
in San Francisco, while the protagonist Mary Rutledge (Miriam Hopkins) played in the park as a child.
1973 Soylent Green Richard Fleischer In the science fiction film which is set in New York in 2022, a corrupt New York governor escorts some children into a tent,
saying, "This was once called Gramercy Park, boys. Now it's the only tree sanctuary in New York."		 <ref>Epstein, Sonia Shechet, "Soylent Green is People: Interview with Dr. Andrew Bell", Museum of the Moving Image, February 13, 2017. Accessed November 25, 2020. "S&F: In Soylent Green, Gramercy Park is the only area left with a few trees, and there is nothing growing. Is it possible to produce food without soil?"</ref>
1979 Manhattan Woody Allen Allen's character Isaac Davis is seen running through the streets in NYC and Gramercy Park. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1979 The Warriors Walter Hill one of the fictional gangs featured is the Gramercy Riffs, the biggest gang in New York. <ref>Bitette, Nicole. "GANGS OF NEW YORK: The NYC crews that ran the streets in The Warriors", New York Daily News, February 9, 2016. Accessed July 18, 2016. "The Gramercy Riffs – Gramercy, Manhattan"</ref>
1993 Manhattan Murder Mystery Woody Allen The exterior of the park can be seen with the characters commenting on the beauty of the park leaving National Arts Club.
Later in the film Diane Keaton and Alan Alda walk into the street directly in front of the park as they try to track a bus route.		 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1999 Notting Hill Roger Michell In the film a famous actress, played by Julia Roberts, is shown starring in a film called Gramercy Park,
which was also the name of the production company for Notting Hill.		 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2014 That Awkward Moment Tom Gormican In the film a couple, played by Zac Efron and Imogen Poots, steal a key to the park while being shown a house in Gramercy Park. <ref>Foundas, Scott. "Film Review: That Awkward Moment", Variety, January 28, 2014. Accessed July 18, 2016. "Gormican begins and ends That Awkward Moment with Efron's Jason sitting alone and forlorn on a bench in Gramercy Park on a chilly winter's night, and in between flashes back to show us how he got there."</ref>

Television:

Year Title Network Description Ref.
1994 Gargoyles ABC In the animated series the villainous Demona resides in a townhouse located in Gramercy Park. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2005 Law & Order NBC In the episode, "Dining Out", the body of the murder victim is found in Gramercy Park.
2013–2014 Girls HBO Hannah (Lena Dunham) and Shoshana (Zosia Mamet) walk around Gramercy. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2017 Broad City Comedy Central In the fourth season of the TV series, Abbi and Ilana save a man who is choking by doing the Heimlich
maneuver through the park gate, but he still refuses to let them into the park.		 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2019 Dimension 20 CollegeHumor In the season The Unsleeping City, The Gramercy Occult Society is based near the park.
2022 Uncoupled Netflix The main character, Michael (Neil Patrick Harris), lives at 44 Gramercy Park North. <ref name="Mihaila">Template:Cite news</ref>
2022 WeCrashed Apple TV+ Anne Hathaway and Jared Leto portraying Rebekah Neumann and Adam Neumann buy an apartment in Gramercy Park. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2022 The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel Amazon Prime Midge (Rachel Brosnahan) to meet Joel's parents at the National Arts Club. citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2023–2024 And Just Like That... HBO Max Carrie Bradshaw sells her former apartment and moves into one in Gramercy Park
on Gramercy Park West at the end of Season 2.		 <ref>Kang, Inkoo. "The Failed Real-Estate Porn of And Just Like That . . .", The New Yorker, August 23, 2023. Accessed September 4, 2023. "But, in And Just Like That..., when Carrie rekindles her relationship with another Sex and the City-era paramour, Aidan, two decades after their broken engagement, he refuses to set foot in the unit where she confessed to her affair with Big. And so she calls up her friend and real-estate agent, Seema, to purchase a four-bedroom mansion in Gramercy Park—the kind of house that could accommodate a life with Aidan and his sons, should the boys visit one day."</ref>

Music:

Stage:

GalleryEdit

See alsoEdit

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ReferencesEdit

Informational notes Template:Reflist

Citations Template:Reflist

Further reading

  • "Samuel B. Ruggles, Founder Of Gramercy Park", Antiques Digest, reprinted. Originally published 1921.
  • Brooks, Gladys (1958) Gramercy Park: Memories of a New York Girlhood New York: Dutton
  • Klein, Carole (1987) Gramercy Park: An American Bloomsbury New York: Houghton Mifflin
  • Pine, John B. (1921) The Story of Gramercy Park: 1831–1921 New York: Gramercy Park Association

External linksEdit

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Images

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