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Greater Los Angeles is the most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. state of California, encompassing five counties in Southern California extending from Ventura County in the west to San Bernardino County and Riverside County in the east, with the city of Los Angeles and Los Angeles County at its center, and Orange County to the southeast. The Los Angeles–Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA) covers Template:Convert, making it the largest metropolitan region in the United States by land area. The contiguous urban area is Template:Convert,<ref name=urban/> whereas the remainder mostly consists of mountain and desert areas. With an estimated population of almost 18.6 million (California Department of Finance, 2025), <ref name=DOF2025Est/> it is the second-largest metropolitan area in the country, behind New York, as well as one of the largest megacities in the world.<ref>[1] Template:Webarchive World's Largest Metropolitan Areas, 2012</ref>
In addition to being the nexus of the global entertainment industry, including films, television, and recorded music, Greater Los Angeles is also an important center of international trade, education, media, business, tourism, technology, and sports.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It is the third-largest metropolitan area by nominal GDP in the world with an economy exceeding $1 trillion in output, behind New York City and Tokyo.
There are three contiguous component urban areas in Greater Los Angeles: the Inland Empire, which can be broadly defined as Riverside and San Bernardino counties; the Ventura/Oxnard metropolitan area (Ventura County); and the Los Angeles metropolitan area (also known as Metropolitan Los Angeles or Metro LA) consisting of Los Angeles and Orange counties only. The Census Bureau designates the latter as the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim metropolitan statistical area (MSA), the fourth largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the second-largest metropolitan area in the United States, by population of 13 million as of the 2020 U.S. census. It has a total area of Template:Convert. Although San Diego–Tijuana borders the Greater Los Angeles area at San Clemente and Temecula, it is not part of it as the two urban areas are not geographically contiguous due to the presence of Camp Pendleton. However, both form part of the Southern California megalopolis which extends into Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
DefinitionsEdit
| Area (km2) | Population (2025) | GDP (million US$) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA (MSA) | 12,580 | 13,052,238<ref name=DOF2025Est/> | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario, CA (MSA) | 70,610 | 4,703,064<ref name=DOF2025Est/> | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura, CA (MSA) | 4,770 | 829,005<ref name=DOF2025Est/> | citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
| Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA CSA | 87,960 | 18,584,307 | 1,618,212 |
Los Angeles metropolitan areaEdit
The Los Angeles metropolitan area is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget as the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA),<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> with a 2021 population of 12,997,353.<ref name="2021 CBSA populations">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The MSA is in turn made up of two "metropolitan divisions":
- Los Angeles–Long Beach–Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division, coterminous with Los Angeles County (2025 population 9,876,811)
- Anaheim–Santa Ana–Irvine, CA Metropolitan Division, coterminous with Orange County (2025 population 3,175,427)
The MSA is the most populous metropolitan area in the Western United States and second-most populous in the United States. It has at its core the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim urban area, which had a population of 12,237,376 as of the 2020 census.<ref name="urban area">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Greater Los AngelesEdit
The U.S. Census Bureau also defines a wider commercial region based on commuting patterns, the Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), more commonly known as the Greater Los Angeles Area, with an estimated population of 18,584,307 in 2025.<ref name=DOF2025Est/> The total land area of the CSA is 33,955 sq. mi (87,945 km2).
The CSA includes three component metropolitan areas:
- The Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA MSA (2025 pop. 13,052,238), consisting of:
- Los Angeles County, California (2025 pop. 9,876,811)<ref name=DOF2025Est/>
- Orange County, California (2025 pop. 3,175,427)<ref name=DOF2025Est/>
- The Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura, CA MSA, coterminous with Ventura County (2025 pop. 829,005)<ref name=DOF2025Est/>
- The Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario, CA MSA (2025 pop. 4,703,064), consisting of:
- Riverside County, California (2025 pop. 2,495,640)<ref name=DOF2025Est/>
- San Bernardino County, California (2025 pop. 2,207,424)<ref name=DOF2025Est/>
HistoryEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}Nearly all of the metropolitan area of Greater Los Angeles is located within the homelands of the Tongva, otherwise referred to as Tovaangar.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
GeographyEdit
Urban formEdit
Los Angeles has long been famous for its sprawl, but this has to do more with its status in history as the "poster child" of large cities that grew up with suburban-style patterns of development, rather than how it ranks in sprawl among American metro areas today, now that suburban and exurban-style development is present across the country.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The Los Angeles–Orange County metro area was the most densely populated "urbanized area" (as defined by the United States Census Bureau) in the United States in 2000, with Template:Convert.<ref>American Factfinder, United States Census Bureau, Table: "GCT-PH1-R. Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density (geographies ranked by total population): 2000" from Data Set: "Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data", accessed October 10, 2007 at: [2] Template:Webarchive See also: List of United States urban areas</ref> For comparison, the "New York–Newark" Urbanized Area had a population density of Template:Convert.
Los Angeles' reputation for sprawl is due to the fact that the city grew from relative obscurity to one of the country's ten largest cities (i.e. 10th largest city in 1920), at a time when suburban patterns of growth first became possible due to electric streetcars and automobiles. The city was also the first large American city where, in the 1920s, major clusters of regional employment, shopping, and culture were already being built outside the traditional downtown areas – in edge cities such as Mid-Wilshire, Miracle Mile and Hollywood. This pattern of growth continued ever outward, more so when the freeway system was built starting in the 1950s; thus Greater Los Angeles was the earliest large American metropolitan area with a decentralized structure. Its major commercial, financial, and cultural institutions are geographically dispersed rather than being concentrated in a single downtown or central area. Also, the population density of Los Angeles proper is low (approximately 8,300 people per square mile) when compared to some other large American cities such as New York City (27,500), San Francisco (17,000), Boston (13,300), and Chicago (11,800).<ref>Haughton, Graham, and Colin Hunter, Sustainable Cities, London: Routledge, 2003: 81.</ref> Densities are particularly high within a 5-mile radius of downtown, where some neighborhoods exceed 20,000 people per square mile.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> What gives the entire Los Angeles metro region a high density is the fact that many of the city's suburbs and satellite cities have high density rates.<ref>Bruegmann, Robert. Sprawl: A Compact History. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2005: 65.</ref> Within its urbanized areas, Los Angeles is noted for having small lot sizes and low-rise buildings. Buildings in the area are low when compared to other large cities, mainly due to zoning regulations. Los Angeles became a major city just as the Pacific Electric Railway spread population to smaller cities much as interurbans did in East Coast cities. In the first decades of the twentieth century, the area was marked by a network of fairly dense but separate cities linked by rail. The ascendance of the automobile helped fill in the gaps between these commuter towns with lower-density settlements.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
Starting in the early twentieth century, there was a large growth in population on the western edges of the city moving to the San Fernando Valley and out into the Conejo Valley in eastern Ventura County. Many working-class whites migrated to this area during the 1960s and 1970s out of East and Central Los Angeles.<ref>Gutierrez, David. The Columbia History of Latinos in the United States. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003: 94.</ref> As a result, there was a large growth in population into the Conejo Valley and into Ventura County through the US 101 corridor. Making the US 101 a full freeway in the 1960s and expansions that followed helped make commuting to Los Angeles easier and opened the way for development westward. Development in Ventura County and along the US 101 corridor remains controversial, with open-space advocates battling those who feel business development is necessary to economic growth.<ref>Curtiss, Aaron. "Bitter Land-Use Fights Seen For 101 Corridor Development." Los Angeles Times November 20, 1993: B1.</ref> Although the area still has abundant amount of open space and land, almost all of it was put aside and mandated never to be developed as part of the master plan of each city. Because of this, the area which was once a relatively inexpensive area to buy real estate, saw rising real estate prices well into the 2000s.<ref>Olsen, Andy. "Local Home Prices Soar in May." Los Angeles Times June 23, 2003: B3.</ref> Median home prices in the Conejo Valley for instance, ranged from $700,000 to $2.2 million in 2003.<ref>Griggs, Gregory. "Local Homes Get Even Pricier." Los Angeles Times August 21, 2003: B1.</ref> According to Forbes, "it's nearly impossible" to find reasonably priced real estate in California, and the prices will continue to increase.<ref name = forbes>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
The Los Angeles area continues to grow, principally on the periphery where new, cheaper, undeveloped areas are being sought.<ref name="Halle">Template:Cite book</ref> As such, in these areas, populations as well as housing prices exploded, although the housing bubble popped late in the decade of the 2000s. Riverside and San Bernardino counties, which contain large swaths of desert, attracted most of the population increase between 2000 and 2006. Growth continues not only outside the existing urbanized area but also adjacent to existing development in the central areas.<ref name="Soja">Template:Cite book</ref> As in virtually all US core cities, there is now vigorous residential development in the downtown area with both new buildings and renovation of former office buildings. The Los Angeles Downtown News keeps a list of ongoing development projects, updated every quarter.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Over the course of the 21st century, droughts and wildfires have increased in frequency and the region's water security has become a development issue.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Major business districts and edge citiesEdit
The traditional business district and historical downtown of Greater Los Angeles is Downtown Los Angeles. However, most commercial activity is found outside downtown Los Angeles in the edge cities of Century City, Wilshire Boulevard in Koreatown, Hollywood, the Sunset Strip in West Hollywood, Universal City, the Warner Center in Woodland Hills, and Sherman Oaks and Encino, notable for existing alongside extensive suburban development.
In fact, the Los Angeles area is considered a classic example of a metropolitan area that developed in such fashion.<ref name="garreauLA">Template:Cite book</ref>
Furthermore, since the COVID-19 pandemic in California Downtown Los Angeles has experienced staggering commercial vacancy rates, urban blight, homelessness, drug use, and crime. Entire skyscrapers were reportedly sold for less than large estates in Bel Air.<ref name="LABizJournal">Template:Cite book</ref>
Within the broader county of Los Angeles and metro area, areas such as Downtown Long Beach, downtown Pasadena, downtown Glendale, and downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Ana, Downtown Anaheim, Downtown Riverside, Downtown San Bernardino, downtown Irvine, and downtown Ontario are notable.
IdentityEdit
Employment is not only in the downtown area, but consistently occurs outside the central core. As such, many people commute throughout the city and suburbs in various directions for their work and daily activities, with a large portion heading to the municipalities that are outside the city of Los Angeles.<ref name="Wolch">Template:Cite book</ref>
Unlike most metropolitan areas, regional identity remains a contentious issue in the Greater Los Angeles area, with many residents not acknowledging any association with the region as a whole. For example, while Los Angeles County and Orange County together make up the smaller MSA region, the two host many sub-areas that each have sharp demographic, political, and financial distinctions. South Orange County residents often attempt to be identified apart from Los Angeles although they make up the same metropolitan area. Also, while only 1.63% of Los Angeles residents commute to Orange County for work, over 6% of Orange County commuters head to Los Angeles for work.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Western Riverside County and San Bernardino County have become commuter regions characteristic of other suburban counties throughout the nation. Residents in these counties often commute to Los Angeles County and Orange County for employment.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Component counties, subregions, and citiesEdit
Los Angeles CountyEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Los Angeles County, of which the City of Los Angeles is the county seat, is the most populous county in the United States and is home to over a quarter of all California residents.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The large size of the city of Los Angeles, as well as its history of annexing smaller towns, has made city boundaries in the central area of Los Angeles County quite complicated.<ref>Mapping L.A. – Los Angeles Times Template:Webarchive. Projects.latimes.com. Retrieved on July 29, 2013.</ref> Many cities are completely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles and are often included in the city's areas despite being independent municipalities. For example, Santa Monica and Beverly Hills (which is almost completely surrounded by Los Angeles) are considered part of the Westside, while Hawthorne and Inglewood are associated with South L.A. Adjacent areas that are outside the actual city boundaries of incorporated Los Angeles but border the city itself include the Santa Clarita Valley, the San Gabriel Valley, South Bay, and the Gateway Cities.
Despite the large footprint of the city of Los Angeles, a majority of the land area within Los Angeles County is unincorporated and under the primary jurisdiction of Los Angeles County. Much of this land, however, cannot be easily developed due to planning challenges presented by geographic features such as the Santa Monica Mountains, the San Gabriel Mountains, and the Mojave Desert. Actual land development in these regions occurs on the fringes of incorporated cities, some of which have been fully developed, such as the cities of Palmdale and Lancaster.
Subregions in Los Angeles CountyEdit
While there is not an official designation for the regions that comprise Greater Los Angeles, one authority, the Los Angeles Times, divides the area into the following regions:<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Angeles Forest
- Antelope Valley
- Central L.A. (Downtown Los Angeles, Hollywood, Mid-Wilshire, etc.)
- Eastside
- Gateway Cities/Harbor Area
- Northeast L.A. (Highland Park, Eagle Rock, etc.)
- Northwest L.A. County (including the Santa Clarita Valley)
- Pomona Valley (partially in San Bernardino County)
- San Fernando Valley
- San Gabriel Valley
- Santa Clarita Valley
- Santa Monica Mountains (Malibu, Topanga, etc.)
- South Bay (incl. Palos Verdes Peninsula, Beach Cities)
- South Los Angeles
- Southeast Los Angeles County (including Norwalk and Whittier, see Gateway Cities)
- The Verdugos (including Glendale, Pasadena and the Crescenta Valley)
- Westside
Some of the above areas can be defined as being bounded by natural features such as mountains or the ocean; others are marked by city boundaries, freeways, or other constructed landmarks. For example, Downtown Los Angeles is the area of Los Angeles roughly enclosed by three freeways and one river: the Harbor Freeway (SR 110) to the west, the Santa Ana Freeway (US 101) to the north, the Los Angeles River to the east, and the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) to the south.<ref name=LAT080807>Sharon Bernstein and David Pierson, "L.A. moves toward more N.Y-style downtown Template:Webarchive", Los Angeles Times, August 8, 2007.</ref> Meanwhile, the San Fernando Valley ("The Valley") is defined as the basin consisting of the part of Los Angeles and its suburbs that lie north-northwest of downtown and is ringed by mountains.<ref>Template:Cite encyclopedia</ref>
Edge cities in Los Angeles CountyEdit
Central and Western areaEdit
- Beverly Hills/Century City
- LAX/El Segundo<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Marina Del Rey/Culver City<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- West Los Angeles
- Mid-Wilshire<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Miracle Mile<ref name="garreauLA"/>
San Fernando ValleyEdit
- Burbank/North Hollywood<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Sherman Oaks/Van Nuys, Los Angeles<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Warner Center, Los Angeles/West Valley<ref name="garreauLA"/>
Elsewhere in Los Angeles CountyEdit
- Pasadena<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- South Bay/Torrance/Carson<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- South Valley/Covina (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Santa Clarita (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
Cities in Los Angeles CountyEdit
With a population of nearly 3.9 million people at the 2020 census, the City of Los Angeles is the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, and is the focal point of the Greater Los Angeles Area.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> As an international center for finance, entertainment, media, culture, education, tourism, and science, Los Angeles is considered one of the world's most powerful and influential global cities.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>
List of the 88 cities of Los Angeles County and six large CDPs by population at the 2020 U.S. census: Template:Colbegin
- Los Angeles (3,898,747)
- Long Beach (466,742)
- Santa Clarita (228,673)
- Glendale (196,543)
- Lancaster (173,516)
- Palmdale (169,450)
- Pomona (151,713)
- Torrance (147,067)
- Pasadena (138,699)
- East Los Angeles CDP (118,786)
- Downey (114,355)
- West Covina (109,501)
- El Monte (109,450)
- Inglewood (107,762)
- Burbank (107,337)
- Norwalk (102,773)
- Compton (95,740)
- Carson (95,558)
- Santa Monica (93,076)
- South Gate (92,726)
- Hawthorne (88,083)
- Whittier (87,306)
- Alhambra (82,868)
- Lakewood (82,496)
- Bellflower (79,190)
- Baldwin Park (72,176)
- Redondo Beach (71,576)
- Lynwood (67,265)
- Montebello (62,640)
- Pico Rivera (62,088)
- Florence-Graham CDP (61,983)
- Monterey Park (61,096)
- Gardena (61,027)
- Arcadia (56,681)
- South Whittier CDP (56,415)
- Diamond Bar (55,072)
- Huntington Park (54,883)
- Hacienda Heights CDP (54,191)
- Paramount (53,733)
- Glendora (52,558)
- Covina (51,268)
- Rosemead (51,185)
- Azusa (50,000)
- Cerritos (49,578)
- Rowland Heights CDP (48,231)
- La Mirada (48,008)
- Altadena CDP (42,846)
- Rancho Palos Verdes (42,287)
- Culver City (40,779)
- San Gabriel (39,568)
- Bell Gardens (39,501)
- La Puente (38,062)
- Monrovia (37,931)
- Claremont (37,266)
- Temple City (36,494)
- West Hollywood (35,757)
- Manhattan Beach (35,506)
- San Dimas (34,924)
- Bell (33,559)
- Beverly Hills (32,701)
- Lawndale (31,807)
- La Verne (31,334)
- Walnut (28,430)
- South Pasadena (26,943)
- Maywood (25,138)
- San Fernando (23,946)
- Calabasas (23,241)
- Cudahy (22,811)
- Duarte (21,727)
- Lomita (20,921)
- La Cañada Flintridge (20,573)
- Agoura Hills (20,299)
- Hermosa Beach (19,728)
- South El Monte (19,567)
- Santa Fe Springs (19,219)
- El Segundo (17,272)
- Artesia (16,395)
- Hawaiian Gardens (14,149)
- Palos Verdes Estates (13,347)
- San Marino (12,513)
- Commerce (12,378)
- Signal Hill (11,848)
- Sierra Madre (11,268)
- Malibu (10,654)
- Rolling Hills Estates (8,280)
- Westlake Village (8,029)
- La Habra Heights (5,682)
- Avalon (3,460)
- Rolling Hills (1,739)
- Hidden Hills (1,725)
- Irwindale (1,472)
- Bradbury (921)
- Industry (264)
- Vernon (222)Template:Colend
Orange CountyEdit
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Orange County was originally an agricultural area dependent on citrus crops, avocados, and oil extraction, and became a bedroom community for Los Angeles when I–5, the Santa Ana Freeway, linked it to the city in the 1950s. The growth of Los Angeles initially fueled population growth in Orange County, but by the 1970s it had become an important economic center in its own right, with tourism and electronics industries, among others. Today, Orange County is known for its tourist attractions, such as the Disneyland Resort, Knott's Berry Farm, its several pristine beaches and coastline, and its wealthier areas, featured in television shows such as The O.C. None of the original downtowns serves as the central urban core for the county, but there are important clusters of business and culture in Downtown Santa Ana and in three edge cities: the Anaheim–Santa Ana edge city from the Disneyland Resort to the Orange Crush interchange (Orange, Santa Ana), the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city (Santa Ana, Costa Mesa, Irvine), and Irvine's Spectrum edge city.
Orange County is sometimes figuratively divided into "North County" and "South County", with North Orange County including cities such as Anaheim, Fullerton, and Santa Ana, and is the older, more ethnically diverse and more densely built-up area both geographically and culturally closer to Los Angeles. South County, defined variously as beginning with either Costa Mesa<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> or Irvine<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and includes cities to the east and south such as Laguna Beach, Mission Viejo, Newport Beach, and San Clemente, is more residential, affluent, recently developed, and has a mostly white population. Irvine is an exception, as it is a center of employment and is ethnically diverse. A growing alternative dividing marker between north and south is the El Toro Y interchange. Orange Coast or South Coast area is defined instead as consisting of some or all of the cities lining the coast.
Subregions in Orange CountyEdit
Edge cities in Orange CountyEdit
- Anaheim–Santa Ana edge city<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Fullerton/La Habra/Brea (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Irvine Spectrum<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Newport Center/Fashion Island (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- San Clemente/Laguna Niguel (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Westminster/Huntington Beach<ref name="garreauLA"/>
Cities in Orange CountyEdit
List of the 34 cities in Orange County by population at the 2020 census: Template:Colbegin
- Anaheim (346,824)
- Santa Ana (310,227)
- Irvine (307,670)
- Huntington Beach (198,711)
- Garden Grove (171,949)
- Fullerton (143,617)
- Orange (139,911)
- Costa Mesa (111,918)
- Mission Viejo (93,653)
- Westminster (90,911)
- Lake Forest (85,858)
- Newport Beach (85,239)
- Buena Park (84,034)
- Tustin (80,276)
- Yorba Linda (68,336)
- Laguna Niguel (64,355)
- San Clemente (64,293)
- La Habra (63,097)
- Fountain Valley (57,047)
- Aliso Viejo (52,176)
- Placentia (51,824)
- Cypress (50,151)
- Rancho Santa Margarita (47,949)
- Brea (47,325)
- Stanton (37,962)
- San Juan Capistrano (35,196)
- Dana Point (33,107)
- Laguna Hills (31,374)
- Seal Beach (25,242)
- Laguna Beach (23,032)
- Laguna Woods (17,644)
- La Palma (15,581)
- Los Alamitos (11,780)
- Villa Park (5,843)
Inland EmpireEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
The Inland Empire, consisting of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, contains fast-growing suburbs of the region, with a large to majority percentage of the working population commuting to either Los Angeles or Orange Counties for work. Originally an important center for citrus production, the region became an important industrial area by the early 20th century.<ref name="citrus">Template:Cite journal</ref><ref name="Petrix">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Sorba">Template:Cite news</ref> The Inland Empire also became a key transportation center following the completion of Route 66, and later Interstate 10. With the post-World War II economic boom leading to rapid development in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, land developers bulldozed acres of agricultural land to build suburbs in order to accommodate the Los Angeles area's expanding population.<ref name="citrus" /> The development of a regional freeway system facilitated the expansion of suburbs and human migration linking the Inland Empire and rest of Greater Los Angeles. Despite being primarily suburban, the Inland Empire is also home to important warehousing, shipping, logistics and retail industries, centered on the subregion's major cities of Riverside, San Bernardino and Ontario.
While the Inland Empire is sometimes defined as the entirety of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, the eastern undeveloped, desert portions of these counties are not considered to be part of Greater Los Angeles. The state of California defines this area to include the cities of Adelanto, Apple Valley, and Victorville to the north, the Riverside–San Diego county line to the south, and the towns of Anza, Idyllwild, and Lucerne Valley, along with the San Bernardino National Forest to the east.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Additionally, the southwest portion of Riverside County, centered on the city of Temecula is more economically linked to San Diego county, with its growth largely being driven by migrants from San Diego seeking more affordable housing similar to how northwestern Riverside county's growth was driven by migrants from Orange County and Los Angeles seeking more affordable housing.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite news
Template:Cite news</ref>
However, with clear northern and southern limits to expansion, the region's urban eastern boundaries have become increasingly nebulous as suburban sprawl continues to spread out to form a unified whole with Los Angeles, with further development encroaching past the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains and into the outlying desert areas. As a result, the regional definition of Greater Los Angeles can now be extended to include Barstow and surrounding towns in the northeast, the Morongo Basin in the east-central including Yucca Valley and Twentynine Palms, and the Coachella Valley cities in the southeast. This interconnectivity, provided by one of the most extensive freeway systems in the world, as well as economic, social and media ties, has blended boundaries between these regions and the urbanized Los Angeles and Inland Empire areas.<ref name="Rosenblatt">Template:Cite news</ref>
Subregions in the Inland EmpireEdit
- High Desert (includes Antelope Valley in Los Angeles County plus Victor Valley and Morongo Basin)
- Low Desert (Coachella Valley, Palm Springs and Palm Desert area)
- San Bernardino Mountains (Lake Arrowhead and Big Bear Lake area)
- Northwest Riverside County (Corona, Norco, Jurupa Valley, and Riverside area)
- Moreno Valley (Moreno Valley and Perris)
- Pomona Valley (Pomona, Rancho Cucamonga, Chino, Eastvale, Upland, Claremont, Montclair, La Verne and Ontario area. Partially in Los Angeles County)
- San Bernardino Valley (San Bernardino, Fontana, Rialto, Colton, Loma Linda, Highland, and Redlands area)
- San Gorgonio Pass (Banning, Yucaipa, Calimesa, and Beaumont area)
- San Jacinto Valley (Hemet and San Jacinto area)
- Temecula Valley (Lake Elsinore, Menifee, Murrieta, Wildomar, and Temecula area)
Edge cities in the Inland EmpireEdit
- Ontario Airport/Rancho Cucamonga<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- Riverside (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
- San Bernardino (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
Cities in Riverside CountyEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
List of the 28 cities of Riverside County by population at the 2020 U.S. census:
- Riverside (314,998)
- Moreno Valley (208,634)
- Corona (157,136)
- Murrieta (110,949)
- Temecula (110,003)
- Jurupa Valley (105,053)
- Menifee (102,527)
- Hemet (89,833)
- Indio (89,137)
- Perris (78,700)
- Lake Elsinore (70,265)
- Eastvale (69,757)
- San Jacinto (53,898)
- Beaumont (53,036)
- Cathedral City (51,493)
- Palm Desert (51,163)
- Palm Springs (44,575)
- Coachella (41,941)
- La Quinta (37,558)
- Wildomar (36,875)
- Desert Hot Springs (32,512)
- Banning (29,505)
- Norco (26,316)
- Blythe (18,317)
- Rancho Mirage (16,999)
- Canyon Lake (11,082)
- Calimesa (10,026)
- Indian Wells (4,757)Template:Colend
Cities and towns in San Bernardino CountyEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
List of the 24 cities and incorporated towns of San Bernardino County by population at the 2020 U.S. census:Template:Colbegin
- San Bernardino (222,101)
- Fontana (208,393)
- Ontario (175,265)
- Rancho Cucamonga (174,453)
- Victorville (134,810)
- Rialto (104,026)
- Hesperia (99,818)
- Chino (91,403)
- Upland (79,040)
- Chino Hills (78,411)
- Redlands (73,168)
- Apple Valley (75,791)
- Highland (56,999)
- Yucaipa (54,542)
- Colton (53,909)
- Adelanto (38,046)
- Montclair (37,865)
- Twentynine Palms (28,065)
- Barstow (25,415)
- Loma Linda (24,791)
- Yucca Valley (21,738)
- Grand Terrace (13,150)
- Big Bear Lake (5,046)
- Needles (4,931)
Sparsely populated areas in the Inland EmpireEdit
While the above areas are included in the regional definition of Greater Los Angeles, the U.S. Census Bureau defines Greater Los Angeles, or officially, the Los Angeles–Long Beach Combined Statistical Area, to include both the above-mentioned areas along with the entirety of San Bernardino and Riverside counties.<ref name=OMB_10-02>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> These areas are sparsely developed and are part of the Mojave and Colorado Deserts. To the north, Interstate 15 crosses desolate desert landscape after passing Barstow, linking Greater Los Angeles with Las Vegas, with Baker being the only significant outpost along the route. To the east, lie the Mojave National Preserve and Joshua Tree National Park along with the towns of Needles and Blythe on the California-Arizona border.
Ventura CountyEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Ventura County is mostly suburban and rural and also has developed primarily through the growth of Los Angeles. Central and southern Ventura County formerly consisted of small towns along the Pacific Coast until the expansion of U.S. Route 101 drew in commuters from the San Fernando Valley. Master-planned cities soon began developing, and the county became increasingly urbanized. The northern part of the county, however, remains largely undeveloped and is mostly within the Los Padres National Forest.
Subregions in Ventura CountyEdit
Edge cities in Ventura CountyEdit
- Ventura/Coastal Plain (emerging edge city as of 1991)<ref name="garreauLA"/>
Cities in Ventura CountyEdit
Template:See alsoList of the 10 cities of Ventura County by population at the 2020 U.S. census:Template:Colbegin
- Oxnard (202,063)
- Thousand Oaks (126,966)
- Simi Valley (126,356)
- Ventura (110,763)
- Camarillo (70,741)
- Moorpark (36,284)
- Santa Paula (30,657)
- Port Hueneme (21,954)
- Fillmore (16,419)
- Ojai (7,637)
Urban areas withinEdit
At the core of the Los Angeles–Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA) lies the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA urban area, the second most populous in the United States.<ref name="urban area" /> Within the boundaries of the CSA the Census Bureau defines 30 other urban areas as well, two of which (Riverside–San Bernardino and Oxnard–Ventura) form the core of their own metropolitan areas separate from the Los Angeles metropolitan statistical area. Urban areas situated primarily outside the Los Angeles metropolitan statistical area but within the CSA are identified with a cross (†) in the table below.
| Urban area | Population (2020 census) |
Land area (sq mi) |
Land area (km2) |
Density (population / sq mi) |
Density (population / km2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA | 13,200,897 | 1,636.83 | 4,239.36 | 7,476.28 | 2,886.61 |
| Riverside–San Bernardino, CA † | 2,276,703 | 608.56 | 1,576.17 | 3,741.10 | 1,444.45 |
| Mission Viejo–Lake Forest–Laguna Niguel, CA | 646,843 | 163.63 | 423.81 | 3,953.02 | 1,526.27 |
| Temecula–Murrieta–Menifee, CA † | 528,991 | 150.47 | 389.73 | 3,515.49 | 1,357.34 |
| Oxnard–San Buenaventura (Ventura), CA † | 376,117 | 76.61 | 198.41 | 4,909.70 | 1,895.65 |
| Indio–Palm Desert–Palm Springs, CA † | 361,075 | 151.82 | 393.22 | 2,378.26 | 918.25 |
| Palmdale–Lancaster, CA | 359,559 | 84.78 | 219.59 | 4,240.90 | 1,637.42 |
| Victorville–Hesperia–Apple Valley, CA † | 355,816 | 131.77 | 341.29 | 2,700.19 | 1,042.55 |
| Santa Clarita, CA | 278,031 | 77.85 | 201.62 | 3,571.56 | 1,378.99 |
| Thousand Oaks, CA † | 213,986 | 80.20 | 207.71 | 2,668.26 | 1,030.22 |
| Hemet, CA † | 173,194 | 37.06 | 95.98 | 4,673.61 | 1,804.49 |
| Simi Valley, CA † | 127,364 | 31.63 | 81.91 | 4,027.01 | 1,554.84 |
| Camarillo, CA † | 76,338 | 22.48 | 58.22 | 3,395.98 | 1,311.19 |
| Desert Hot Springs, CA † | 45,767 | 14.08 | 36.47 | 3,250.66 | 1,255.09 |
| Santa Paula, CA † | 30,675 | 4.96 | 12.86 | 6,179.04 | 2,385.74 |
| Barstow, CA † | 30,522 | 12.38 | 32.07 | 2,465.05 | 951.76 |
| Crestline–Lake Arrowhead, CA † | 22,272 | 16.85 | 43.64 | 1,321.70 | 510.31 |
| Yucca Valley, CA † | 18,293 | 11.33 | 29.36 | 1,613.95 | 623.15 |
| Big Bear, CA † | 16,498 | 15.93 | 41.26 | 1,035.73 | 399.90 |
| Fillmore, CA † | 16,397 | 2.63 | 6.82 | 6,227.80 | 2,404.57 |
| Twentynine Palms, CA † | 12,881 | 6.82 | 17.66 | 1,889.13 | 729.40 |
| Blythe, CA–AZ † | 11,780 | 6.20 | 16.06 | 1,899.83 | 733.53 |
| Twentynine Palms North, CA † | 11,665 | 2.77 | 7.18 | 4,206.03 | 1,623.96 |
| Fort Irwin, CA † | 8,096 | 3.62 | 9.37 | 2,238.42 | 864.26 |
| Mecca, CA † | 6,875 | 0.63 | 1.62 | 10,979.30 | 4,239.13 |
| Needles, CA–AZ † | 6,739 | 5.55 | 14.38 | 1,213.99 | 468.73 |
| Silver Lakes, CA † | 5,908 | 2.12 | 5.49 | 2,789.52 | 1,077.04 |
| Running Springs, CA † | 5,313 | 3.64 | 9.44 | 1,458.40 | 563.09 |
| Joshua Tree, CA † | 4,370 | 3.80 | 9.85 | 1,149.11 | 443.67 |
| Wrightwood, CA † | 3,927 | 1.38 | 3.59 | 2,835.51 | 1,094.80 |
| Avalon, CA | 3,362 | 1.19 | 3.08 | 2,826.47 | 1,091.31 |
DemographicsEdit
According to the 2020 census, there were 18,644,680 people living in the Greater Los Angeles Area.Template:Citation needed The racial makeup of the area was 29.4% White (23.0% Non-Hispanic European and 6.4% Non-Hispanic Middle Eastern), 13.8% Asian (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Pacific Islander (Non-Hispanic), 6.1% African American (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Native American (Non-Hispanic), 0.5% from other races (Non-Hispanic), and 3.3% from two or more races (Non-Hispanic). 46.3% of the population were Hispanic of any race, a super-majority of which was of Mexican origin.<ref name="2020CensusP2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 29.4% of the population (5.5 million) was foreign born; most immigrants came from Latin America and Asia.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The explosive growth of the region in the 20th century can be attributed to its favorable Mediterranean climate, the availability of land and many booming industries such as oil, automobile and rubber, motion pictures, intermodal, logistics, and aerospace which in turn attracted millions of people from all over the United States and world.Template:Citation needed Citrus production was important to the region's development in the earlier part of the 20th century.<ref name="Garcia">Template:Cite book</ref>
While the New York metropolitan area is presently the most populous metropolitan area in the United States, it has been predicted in the past that Greater Los Angeles will eventually surpass Greater New York in population.Template:Citation needed Whether this will happen is yet to be seen, but past predictions on this event have been off the mark. A 1966 article in Time predicted Greater Los Angeles would surpass New York by 1975, and that by 1990, would reach close to the 19 million mark.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> But the article's flawed definition of Greater Los Angeles included San Diego, which is actually its own metropolitan area. A 1989 article in The New York Times predicted Greater Los Angeles would surpass Greater New York by 2010,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> but the article predicted the population would be 18.3 million in that year, a number Greater New York already surpassed in 2007 by half a million people. By 2009, the New York metropolitan area had a population of 22.2 million compared to the Greater Los Angeles Area's 18.7 million, about a 3.56 million persons difference.<ref>Excerpted from California Department of Finance</ref> Percentage growth, however, has been higher in Greater Los Angeles over the past few decades than in Greater New York.
Demographics of Los Angeles and Orange countiesEdit
| County | 2021 Estimate | 2020 Census | Change | Area | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles County | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | ||
| Orange County | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density | ||
| Total | Template:Change | Template:Convert | Template:Pop density |
Age and genderEdit
According to the 2009 American Community Survey, the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area had a population of 12,874,797, of which 6,402,498 (49.7% of the population) were male and 6,472,299 (50.3% of the population) were female. The age composition is shown in the table at right.
| Age distribution Los Angeles and Orange Counties, 2009 | |
|---|---|
| Age | % of pop. |
| Under 5 | 7.3% |
| 5 to 9 | 6.6% |
| 10 to 14 | 7.0% |
| 15 to 19 | 7.2% |
| 20 to 24 | 7.0% |
| 25 to 34 | 15.5% |
| 35 to 44 | 14.8% |
| 45 to 54 | 13.9% |
| 55 to 59 | 5.5% |
| 60 to 64 | 4.4% |
| 65 to 74 | 5.6% |
| 75 to 84 | 3.6% |
| 85 and over | 1.6% |
| Median age | 34.6 |
Median age: 34.6 years
RaceEdit
According to the 2020 census, there were 18,644,680 people living in the Greater Los Angeles Area. The racial makeup of the area was 29.4% White (23.0% Non-Hispanic European and 6.4% Non-Hispanic Middle Eastern), 13.8% Asian (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Pacific Islander (Non-Hispanic), 6.1% African American (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Native American (Non-Hispanic), 0.5% from other races (Non-Hispanic), and 3.3% from two or more races (Non-Hispanic). 46.3% of the population were Hispanic of any race, a super-majority of which was of Mexican origin.<ref name="2020CensusP2"/>
Non-Hispanic whites make up under one-third (29.4%) of the population, approximately 5,477,462 residents. The top European ancestries were German: 7.0% (1,301,202), English: 6.1% (1,131,426), Irish: 5.4% (1,002,233), Italian: 3.4% (624,585), Scandinavian: 2.2% (405,887), French: 1.5% (284,180), Scottish: 1.4% (264,429), Polish: 1.2% (224,443), and Russian: 1.0% (189,115). The top Middle Eastern ancestries were Jewish: 3.2% (600,000), Armenian: 1.2% (214.190), Arab: 0.98% (182,934), and Iranian: 0.75% (139,632). Additionally, 3.3% (611,193) of residents identified as simply American. Values may add to over 100% because people can identify with more than one ethnicity.
Approximately 2,577,706 residents are Asian of non-Hispanic origin. Asians of non-Hispanic origin make up 13.8% of the population, about 1.4% South Asian (Indian Subcontinent), and about 12.4% were East or Southeast Asian. The six largest Asian ancestries with respect to all of Greater LA's population were Chinese: ~ 6.1% , Filipino: ~ 3.1%, Vietnamese: ~ 2.0%, Korean ~ 1.9%, Indian ~ 1.1% , and Japanese ~ 0.8%. Other important Asian American groups include Cambodian, Laotian, Hmong, Taiwanese, Pakistani, and Thai Americans.
Non-Hispanic blacks make up 6.1% of the population. Approximately 1,143,781 residents are non-Hispanic blacks. Sub-Saharan Africans were 0.7% (137,443) and Non-Hispanic Caribbean Blacks were 0.3% (62,419).
Non-Hispanic Native Americans make up 0.2% of the population (46,143).
Non-Hispanic Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders make up 0.2% of the population. Approximately 42,591 residents are Native Hawaiian or of other Pacific Islander ancestries. The largest Pacific Islander ancestries were Samoan, Native Hawaiian, and Guamanian or Chamorro, and Tongan
Non-Hispanic Multiracial people make up 3.3% of the population. Approximately 624,473 people are non-Hispanic multiracial.
People who listed "other" as their race made up 0.5% (102,434) of the population.
Source: data.census.gov. Retrieved on April 15, 2023.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Hispanic or Latino originEdit
Hispanic or Latinos, who may be of any race, are by far the largest group; Hispanics or Latinos make up 46.3% of the population. They outnumber every other racial group. Approximately 8,630,090 residents are Hispanic or Latino. The largest Hispanic or Latino ancestry was by far Mexican, with other important groups being Salvadoran, Guatemalan, Honduran, Peruvian, Puerto Rican, Colombian, and Cuban.
Ethnic enclavesEdit
Ethnic enclaves like Chinatown, the Byzantine-Latino Quarter, Historic Filipinotown, Little Saigon, Little Armenia, Little Ethiopia, Little Bangladesh, Little Moscow (in Hollywood), Little Tokyo, Croatian Place and Via Italia in San Pedro, several Koreatowns, Tehrangeles in West Los Angeles, the Chinese enclaves in the San Gabriel Valley and Thai Town provide examples of the polyglot multicultural character of Los Angeles. Below is a list of many ethnic enclaves present in the Los Angeles metropolitan area.
PoliticsEdit
| Year | GOP | DEM | Others |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 39.4% 2,845,661 | 57.5% 4,146,160 | 3.1% 223,275 |
| 2020 | 34.8% 2,799,636 | 63.1% 5,078,481 | 2.1% 169,472 |
| 2016 | 31.5% 2,013,697 | 62.3% 3,983,255 | 6.1% 391,977 |
| 2012 | 37.4% 2,196,108 | 60.2% 3,534,444 | 2.4% 143,577 |
| 2008 | 37.3% 2,099,609 | 60.8% 3,425,319 | 1.9% 107,147 |
| 2004 | 45.3% 2,490,150 | 53.4% 2,932,429 | 1.3% 69,649 |
| 2000 | 41.3% 2,003,114 | 54.6% 2,652,907 | 4.1% 198,750 |
| 1996 | 38.3% 1,661,209 | 51.3% 2,220,837 | 10.4% 449,706 |
| 1992 | 33.8% 1,657,151 | 45.0% 2,202,345 | 21.2% 1,038,448 |
| 1988 | 53.8% 2,408,696 | 45.0% 2,014,670 | 1.2% 54,441 |
| 1984 | 60.6% 2,614,904 | 38.3% 1,650,231 | 1.1% 48,225 |
| 1980 | 55.5% 2,187,859 | 35.0% 1,381,285 | 9.5% 374,993 |
| 1976 | 50.8% 1,877,267 | 46.7% 1,728,532 | 2.5% 93,554 |
| 1972 | 57.7% 2,346,127 | 38.7% 1,573,708 | 3.6% 146,653 |
| 1968 | 50.3% 1,836,478 | 43.0% 1,570,478 | 7.3% 247,280 |
| 1964 | 44.0% 1,578,837 | 55.9% 2,006,184 | 0.1% 2,488 |
| 1960 | 50.8% 1,677,962 | 48.9% 1,612,924 | 0.3% 10,524 |
Greater Los Angeles is a politically divided metropolitan area. During the 1970s and 1980s, the region leaned toward the Republican Party. Los Angeles County, the most populous of the region, is a Democratic stronghold, although it voted twice for both Richard Nixon (1968 and 1972) and Ronald Reagan (1980 and 1984). Riverside County, San Bernardino County, and Orange County have historically leaned toward the Republican Party but have started shifting leftward in recent years. Ventura County is politically divided.
EconomyEdit
The Los Angeles metropolitan area has the third-largest metropolitan economy in the world, behind the Greater Tokyo Area and the New York metropolitan area. In 2022, the combined statistical area of Greater Los Angeles (which includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, the Inland Empire, and Ventura County) had a $1.528 trillion economy.
Los Angeles and Orange Counties together have an economy of roughly $1.227 trillion.<ref name="Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA (MSA)"/> Important are coastal California land values and the rents they command, which contribute heavily to GDP earnings, though there are worries that these high land values contribute to the long-term problem of housing affordability and are thus a possible risk to future GDP increase.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This is evident when comparing the coast with the Inland Empire, a large component of the five-county combined statistical area (CSA) that nevertheless contributes a far smaller portion to regional gross metropolitan product but still dominates in industry. The Greater Los Angeles CSA is the third-largest economic center in the world, after Greater Tokyo and the New York-Newark-Bridgeport CSA.
Greater Los Angeles is a hotspot for Asian car manufacturers. Specifically, Mitsubishi, Hyundai, Honda, and Mazda have their U.S. headquarters in the area.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Nissan and Toyota were headquartered in the area in the recent past as well. (Nissan moved to Tennessee; Toyota moved to Texas.)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Template:Update The economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area is famously and heavily based on the entertainment industry, with a particular focus on television, motion pictures, interactive games, and recorded music – the Hollywood district of Los Angeles and its surrounding areas are known as the "movie capital of the United States" due to the region's extreme commercial and historical importance to the American motion picture industry. Other significant sectors include shipping/international trade – particularly at the adjacent Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach, together comprising the United States' busiest seaport – logistics – the Inland Empire being the largest concentration of warehousing and intermodal facilities in the world – as well as aerospace, technology, petroleum, fashion and apparel, and tourism.
The City of Los Angeles was previously home to five Fortune 500 companies: energy company Occidental Petroleum (until 2014 when it moved its headquarters to Houston), healthcare provider Health Net, metals distributor Reliance Steel & Aluminum, engineering firm AECOM, and real estate group CB Richard Ellis. As of 2024, all of these companies have moved elsewhere. Other companies headquartered in Los Angeles include American Apparel, City National Bank, 20th Century Studios, Latham & Watkins, Univision, Metro Interactive, LLC, Premier America, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, DeviantArt,<ref>"DeviantArt, Inc. Template:Webarchive" Businessweek Investing. Accessed November 9, 2008.</ref> Guess?, O'Melveny & Myers; Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker, Tokyopop, The Jim Henson Company, Paramount Pictures, Sunkist Growers, Incorporated, Tutor Perini, Fox Sports Net, Capital Group, and The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf. Korean Air's US passenger and cargo operations headquarters are in two separate offices in Los Angeles.<ref>"Contact Info Template:Webarchive". Korean Air. Retrieved September 20, 2008.</ref> Entertainment and media giant The Walt Disney Company is headquartered in nearby Burbank.
The Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach together comprise the fifth-busiest port in the world, being the center of imports and exports for trade on the west Pacific Coast as well as being one of the most significant ports of the western hemisphere. The Port of Los Angeles occupies Template:Convert of land and water along Template:Convert of waterfront and is the busiest container port in the United States. The Port is the busiest port in the United States by container volume, the 8th busiest container port in the world.<ref name=AAPA-PIS-WPR-2005>"World Port Rankings – 2005" Template:Webarchive – Port Industry Statistics – American Association of Port Authorities (AAPA) – Updated May 1, 2007 – (Microsoft Excel *.XLS document)</ref><ref name=AAPA-PIS-NAPCT-2006>"North American Port Container Traffic – 2006" Template:Webarchive – Port Industry Statistics – American Association of Port Authorities (AAPA) – Updated May 14, 2007 – (Adobe Acrobat *.PDF document)</ref><ref name=polaorg>FAQ # 22 Template:Webarchive at the Port of Los Angeles.org</ref> The top trading partners in 2004 were: China ($68.8 billion), Japan ($24.1 billion), Taiwan ($10.8 billion), Thailand ($6.7 billion), & South Korea ($5.6 billion)
The Port of Long Beach is the second-busiest container port in the United States. It adjoins the separate Port of Los Angeles. Acting as a major gateway for U.S.-Asian trade, the port occupies Template:Convert of land with Template:Convert of waterfront in the city of Long Beach, California. The seaport has approximately $100 billion in trade and provides more than 316,000 jobs in Southern California. The Port of Long Beach imports and exports more than $100 billion worth of goods every year. The seaport provides the country with jobs, generates tax revenue, and supports retail and manufacturing businesses.Template:Citation needed
Economic statistics for Los Angeles and Orange CountiesEdit
In 2014, the population of the Long Beach–Los Angeles–Anaheim metropolitan statistical area (MSA) reached 13,262,220 and ranked second in the United States – a 1 percent increase from 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2014, Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim had a per capita personal income (PCPI) of $50,751 and ranked 29th in the country.
In 2014, Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim placed third among the largest exporters in the United States (shipment totaling to $75.5 billion). The metro accounted for 40.8 percent of California's merchandise exports, mainly exporting computer and electronic products ($18.6 billion); transportation equipment ($15.3 billion) and chemicals ($5.6 billion). Nonetheless, the greater Los Angeles metro has immensely benefited from the free trade agreements: greater Los Angeles exported $25.1 billion to the NAFTA region and $776 million in goods to the CAFTA region.
Overall, in 2014 the average wages and salaries reached $57,519 (in 2010, the average wages and salaries reached $54,729).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Meanwhile, the median household income in 2014 was $56,935, a 1.4 percent increase from 2013 (average median household income was $56,164).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Note: Dollar items are in current dollars (not adjusted for inflation). Per capita items in dollars; other dollar items in thousands of dollars.
Table 2 (refer below) is a chart of the four highest sectors in the metro area, with health care and social assistance reaching 15.54%.
| Industry | Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA MSA |
| NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance | 15.54% |
| NAICS 44–45 Retail trade | 11.27% |
| NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services | 10.79% |
| NAICS 31–33 Manufacturing | 10.47% |
Table 3 (refer below) displays the location quotient for employment in the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim MSA. Top three sectors include information; art, entertainment, and recreation; and real estate and rental and leasing. (Data obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2014. Data measures Location Quotient for sectors in the MSA area. U.S. Total is the base areas.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>)
| Industry | Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA MSA |
| NAICS 99 Unclassified | 2.46 |
| NAICS 51 Information | 1.88 |
| NAICS 71 Arts, entertainment, and recreation | 1.36 |
| NAICS 53 Real estate and rental and leasing | 1.29 |
| NAICS 42 Wholesale trade | 1.21 |
| NAICS 61 Educational services | 1.13 |
| NAICS 54 Professional and technical services | 1.11 |
| NAICS 56 Administrative and waste services | 1.06 |
| NAICS 81 Other services, except public administration | 1.04 |
| NAICS 31–33 Manufacturing | 1 |
| NAICS 62 Health care and social assistance | 1 |
| NAICS 72 Accommodation and food services | 1 |
| NAICS 55 Management of companies and enterprises | 0.95 |
| NAICS 48–49 Transportation and warehousing | 0.88 |
| NAICS 52 Finance and insurance | 0.86 |
| NAICS 44–45 Retail trade | 0.85 |
| NAICS 23 Construction | 0.76 |
| NAICS 22 Utilities | 0.65 |
| NAICS 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting | 0.15 |
| NAICS 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 0.15 |
Utilities and infrastructureEdit
There are nine electric utility power companies in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Southern California Edison serves a large majority of the Los Angeles metropolitan area except for Los Angeles city limits, Burbank, Glendale, Pasadena, Azusa, Vernon, Anaheim, and southern Orange County. Southern Orange County is part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and it is served by San Diego Gas & Electric. There are three natural gas providers in the metropolitan area. Southern California Gas Company serves a large majority of the Los Angeles metropolitan area except for Long Beach and southern Orange County.
The Los Angeles metropolitan area is served by the following utility companies.
ElectricityEdit
- Southern California Edison (largest electric utility in the Los Angeles metropolitan area)
- Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (second-largest electric utility in the Los Angeles metropolitan area and the largest within the Los Angeles city limits)
- Burbank Water and Power
- Glendale Water and Power
- Pasadena Water and Power
- Anaheim Water and Power
- Azusa Light & Power
- Vernon Light & Power
- San Diego Gas & Electric (serves southern Orange County, which is part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area)
The only nuclear power plant that serves the Los Angeles metropolitan area is Palo Verde Nuclear Generating Station in the US state of Arizona 46 miles west of Phoenix. LADWP and Southern California Edison get their electricity from it.
Natural gasEdit
- Southern California Gas Company
- City of Long Beach Gas Company
- San Diego Gas & Electric (serves southern Orange County, which is part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area)
Cable televisionEdit
- Charter Communications, known as Charter Spectrum (serves a majority of the Los Angeles metropolitan area)
- Cox Communications (serves parts of Orange County and the Palos Verdes peninsula)
Phone and InternetEdit
Medical facilitiesEdit
Greater Los Angeles is one of the world's largest patient destinations. The Los Angeles Medical Services provide quality medical services and specialty care services to the populations served in compliance with local, state and federal regulations as well as human rights protection.<ref name="lacity1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Webarchive
Los Angeles and Orange counties have separate medical service department but both work jointly. Government and Private hospitals open normally Monday through Friday, excluding City Holidays but some speciality hospitals are open year-round.<ref name="lacity1"/> Template:Webarchive
The main healthcare providers in the Los Angeles metropolitan area are Kaiser Permanente, Cedars-Sinai Health System, UCLA Health, Dignity Healthcare, and Providence Healthcare. LA Care and Care1st are also the main providers for those in the metropolitan area that have Medi-Cal.
EventsEdit
Template:See also Major events include:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- 626 Night Market
- Auto Club 400, Inland Empire
- BNP Paribas Open
- Fashion Week El Paseo, Palm Springs
- Holidays at the Disneyland Resort
- LA Auto Show
- Laguna Beach Pageant of the Masters
- Los Angeles Film Festival
- Newport Beach Christmas boat parade
- Newport Beach Wine and Food Festival
- Palm Springs International Film Festival
- Palm Springs Modernism Week
- Rose Parade
- Temecula Valley Balloon & Wine Festival
- Vans U.S. Open of Surfing
Awards ceremoniesEdit
Annual county fairsEdit
- Los Angeles County Fair at Fairplex in Pomona
- Orange County Fair in Costa Mesa
- Riverside County Fair and Date Festival
Annual ConventionsEdit
- Anime Expo
- BlizzCon
- D23 Expo
- Electronic Entertainment Expo
- L.A. Comic Con
- Los Angeles Auto Show
- NAMM Show
- VidCon
- WonderCon
- RuPaul's DragCon LA
Area codesEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
- 213 – Downtown Los Angeles, surrounded by 323 (October 1947)
- 310/424 – Santa Monica, Malibu, Pacific Palisades, Compton, Lynwood, Torrance, Beverly Hills, Catalina Island; the southwestern portion of Los Angeles County. (Split from 213 on November 2, 1991; overlaid by 424 on August 26, 2006)
- 323 – a ring around downtown Los Angeles, including the Hollywood and Eagle Rock neighborhoods of Los Angeles; South Los Angeles; the cities of South Gate, Huntington Park, Vernon, Walnut Park, Florence, Bell, Bell Gardens, Cudahy, Montebello, and East Los Angeles. (Split from 213 on June 13, 1998)
- 442/760 – Coachella Valley, including Palm Springs and Indio; Victor Valley, including Victorville and Apple Valley
- 562 – Long Beach, Downey, Whittier; Norwalk, Lakewood, Bellflower, Paramount, Cerritos, southeast Los Angeles County, and a small portion of coastal Orange County. (Split from 310 on January 25, 1997)
- 626 – Pasadena, Monterey Park, Rowland Heights, Alhambra, and West Covina; the San Gabriel Valley, and eastern suburbs of Los Angeles. (Split from 818 on June 14, 1997)
- 657/714 – Anaheim, Huntington Beach, Santa Ana, Orange, Garden Grove; northern and western Orange County (Overlaid by 657 on September 23, 2008)
- 747/818 – the cities of Burbank, Glendale, San Fernando; the North Hollywood, Van Nuys, Panorama City, Sherman Oaks, and Northridge neighborhoods of Los Angeles; the San Fernando Valley. (Split from 213 on January 7, 1984)
- 805/820 – Ventura County, including the cities of Oxnard, Simi Valley, Thousand Oaks, and Ventura
- 909 – Southwest San Bernardino County and the far eastern L.A. County suburbs of Pomona, Walnut, Diamond Bar, San Dimas, La Verne, and Claremont. (Split from 714 on November 14, 1992)
- 949 – Irvine, Laguna Beach, Newport Beach, San Juan Capistrano; southern and eastern Orange County. (Split from 714 on April 18, 1998)
- 951 – Corona, Hemet, Jurupa Valley, Lake Elsinore, Menifee, Moreno Valley, Riverside, Temecula; western end of Riverside County. (Split from 909 on July 17, 2004)
MediaEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
The Los Angeles metropolitan area is home to the headquarters of several well-known media companies including: the Los Angeles Times, Fox Broadcasting Company, Universal Studios, and The Walt Disney Company. Local television channels broadcasting to the Los Angeles market include KCBS-TV 2 (CBS), KNBC 4 (NBC), KTLA 5 (The CW), KABC 7 (ABC), KCAL-TV 9 (Independent), KTTV 11 (Fox), KCOP 13 (MyNetworkTV), KCET 28, (PBS), KPXN-TV 30 (Ion), KMEX-DT 34 (Univision), KVEA 52 (Telemundo) and KLCS 58 (PBS). Radio stations serving the area include: KKJZ, KIIS, KNX (AM), and KMZT.
EducationEdit
Primary and secondary educationEdit
The Los Angeles Unified School District serves the city of L.A., and other school districts serve the surrounding areas. A number of private schools are also located in the region.
Higher educationEdit
Greater Los Angeles is home to a number of colleges and universities. The University of Southern California and University of California, Los Angeles, are among the largest, and the Claremont Colleges and California Institute of Technology are among the most academically renowned. Below is a list of some of the most well known colleges and universities within the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area. Template:Colbegin
- Art Center College of Design
- Azusa Pacific University
- Biola University
- California Baptist University
- California Lutheran University
- California State University, Channel Islands
- California State University, Dominguez Hills
- California State University, Fullerton
- California State University, Northridge
- California State University, Long Beach
- California State University, Los Angeles
- California State University, San Bernardino
- California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
- California Institute of Technology
- Chapman University
- Claremont Colleges
- Laguna College of Art and Design
- Loma Linda University
- Loyola Marymount University
- Otis College of Art and Design
- University of California, Irvine
- University of California, Los Angeles
- University of California, Riverside
- University of Southern California
- University of La Verne
- University of Redlands
- Pepperdine University
- Soka University of America
- Vanguard University
- West Coast University
TransportationEdit
Greater Los Angeles is known for its expansive transportation network. Most notable is its extensive highway system. The area is a junction for numerous interstates coming from the north, east, and south and contains the three principal north–south highways in California: Interstate 5, U.S. Route 101, and California State Route 1. The area is also home to several ports, including the twin ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles, which are the two busiest in the United States, as well as Port of Hueneme.<ref name=LAT20110807>Template:Cite news</ref> Additionally, the region is also served by the Los Angeles Metro Rail and Metrolink commuter rail systems that link neighborhoods of Los Angeles with immediate surrounding suburbs and most of the region (excluding the outer region of the Inland Empire) with Oceanside in San Diego County, respectively. Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) is the principal international airport of the region and is one of the busiest in the world.<ref>World's busiest airports by passenger traffic</ref> Other airports include Ontario International Airport (ONT), John Wayne Airport (SNA), Hollywood Burbank Airport (BUR), Long Beach Municipal Airport (LGB), and Palm Springs International Airport (PSP).
Historic streetcar networkEdit
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The Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the Red Cars, was a privately owned mass transit system in Southern California consisting of electrically powered streetcars, interurban cars, and buses and was the largest electric railway system in the world in the 1920s. Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County.
The system shared dual gauge track with the Template:RailGauge narrow-gauge Los Angeles Railway, "Yellow Car", or "LARy" system on Main Street in downtown Los Angeles (directly in front of the 6th and Main terminal), on 4th Street, and along Hawthorne Boulevard south of downtown Los Angeles toward the cities of Hawthorne, Gardena, and Torrance.
Commercial airportsEdit
| Airport | IATA code | County | Enplanements (2013)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation | CitationClass=web
}}</ref> |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles International Airport | LAX | Los Angeles | 32,425,892 | |
| John Wayne Airport | SNA | Orange County | 4,540,628 | |
| Ontario International Airport | ONT | San Bernardino | 1,970,538 | |
| Hollywood Burbank Airport | BUR | Los Angeles | 1,918,011 | |
| Long Beach Airport | LGB | Los Angeles | 1,438,756 | |
| San Bernardino International Airport | SBD | San Bernardino | N/A | |
| Hawthorne Municipal Airport | HHR | Hawthorne | N/A | |
| Van Nuys Airport | VNY | Los Angeles | N/A |
The primary airport serving the LA metro area is Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), one of the busiest airports in the United States. LAX is in southwestern Los Angeles, Template:Convert from Downtown Los Angeles. LAX is the only airport to serve as a hub for all three U.S. legacy airlines —American, Delta and United.
In addition to LAX, other airports, including Hollywood Burbank Airport, John Wayne Airport, Long Beach Airport, Ontario International Airport, and San Bernardino International Airport also serve the region.
BridgesEdit
The Los Angeles metropolitan area has only one suspension bridge: Vincent Thomas Bridge in San Pedro, and one cable-stayed bridge: Long Beach International Gateway in Long Beach.
Interstate HighwaysEdit
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- File:I-5 (CA).svg Golden State Freeway/Santa Ana Freeway/San Diego Freeway (Interstate 5)
- File:I-10 (CA).svg Santa Monica Freeway/Rosa Parks Freeway/San Bernardino Freeway (Interstate 10)
- File:I-15 (CA).svg Escondido Freeway/Temecula Valley Freeway/Corona Freeway/Ontario Freeway/Mojave Freeway (Interstate 15)
- File:I-105 (CA).svg Glenn Anderson Freeway/Century Freeway (Interstate 105)
- File:I-110 (CA).svg Harbor Freeway (Interstate 110)
- File:I-210 (CA).svg Foothill Freeway (Interstate 210)
- File:I-215 (CA).svg Escondido Freeway/Armed Forces Freeway/Barstow Freeway (Interstate 215)
- File:I-405 (CA).svg San Diego Freeway (Interstate 405)
- File:I-605 (CA).svg San Gabriel River Freeway (Interstate 605)
- File:I-710 (CA).svg Long Beach Freeway (Interstate 710)
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U.S. HighwaysEdit
- File:US 66 (CA).svg Will Rogers Highway (Former U.S. Route 66)
- File:US 99 (1961 cutout).svg Pacific Highway (Former U.S. Route 99)
- File:US 101 (1961 cutout).svg Santa Ana Freeway/Hollywood Freeway/Ventura Freeway (U.S. Route 101)
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California State HighwaysEdit
- File:California 1.svg State Route 1
- File:California 2.svg State Route 2
- File:California 14.svg State Route 14
- File:California 18.svg State Route 18
- File:California 19.svg State Route 19
- File:California 22.svg State Route 22
- File:California 23.svg State Route 23
- File:California 27.svg State Route 27
- File:California 33.svg State Route 33
- File:California 34.svg State Route 34
- File:California 39.svg State Route 39
- File:California 47.svg State Route 47
- File:California 55.svg State Route 55
- File:California 57.svg State Route 57
- File:California 60.svg State Route 60
- File:California 66.svg State Route 66
- File:California 71.svg State Route 71
- File:California 72.svg State Route 72
- File:California 73.svg State Route 73
- File:California 74.svg State Route 74
- File:California 83.svg State Route 83
- File:California 90.svg State Route 90
- File:California 91.svg State Route 91
- File:California 103.svg State Route 103
- File:California 107.svg State Route 107
- File:California 110.svg State Route 110
- File:California 118.svg State Route 118
- File:California 126.svg State Route 126
- File:California 133.svg State Route 133
- File:California 134.svg State Route 134
- File:California 138.svg State Route 138
- File:California 142.svg State Route 142
- File:California 170.svg State Route 170
- File:California 187.svg State Route 187
- File:California 210.svg State Route 210
- File:California 213.svg State Route 213
- File:California 241.svg State Route 241
- File:California 261.svg State Route 261
Los Angeles County MetroEdit
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The Los Angeles Metro Rail is the mass transit rail system of Los Angeles County. It is run by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority and its system runs six rail lines throughout Los Angeles County. Metro Rail currently operates four light rail and two rapid transit lines, altogether totaling Template:Convert of rail, 101 stations, and over 360,000 daily weekday boardings Template:As of.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- The A Line – light rail
- The B Line – rapid transit
- The C Line – light rail
- The D Line – rapid transit
- The E Line – light rail
- The G Line – bus rapid transit
- The J Line – bus rapid transit
- The K Line – light rail
The system's light rail lines are the second busiest LRT system in the United States, after Boston, by number of riders, with 200,300 average weekday boardings during the third quarter of 2012.<ref>Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transit Authority, Facts at a Glance Template:Webarchive, January 15, 2013.</ref> By 2019, it had become the most heavily ridden light rail system in the country.<ref name="APTA-2019-Q4">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Since the region of the city is in close proximity to a major fault area the tunnels were built to resist earthquakes of up to magnitude 7.5. Both subway lines use an electrified third rail to provide power to the trains, rendering these lines unusable on the other three. The Blue and Gold Lines run mostly at grade, with some street-running, elevated, and underground stretches in the more densely populated areas of Los Angeles. The Green Line is entirely grade separated, running in the median of I-105 and then turning southward along an elevated route.
The rail lines run regularly from roughly 4:00 AM to 1:00 AM, seven days a week.[3]
Other authoritiesEdit
In addition to Metro, other providers provide local service within their jurisdictions. These include the Orange County Transportation Authority, San Bernardino County Transportation Authority, and Riverside Transit Agency.Template:Citation needed
Regional and commuter railEdit
There are two providers of heavy rail transportation in the region, Amtrak and Metrolink. Amtrak provides service to San Diego, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, and points in between on the Pacific Surfliner. It also provides long-distance routes, including the Coast Starlight which goes to the San Francisco Bay Area, Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington; the Southwest Chief which goes to Flagstaff, Arizona, Albuquerque, New Mexico, Kansas City, Missouri and Chicago; and the Sunset Limited which provides limited service (three days a week) to Tucson, El Paso, Houston, and New Orleans.
Metrolink provides service to numerous places within Southern California, including all counties in the region. Metrolink operates to 67 stations on eight lines within Southern California which mostly (except for the Inland Empire–Orange County Line and Arrow) radiate from Los Angeles Union Station.
SportsEdit
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Professional teamsEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} As a whole, the Los Angeles area has more national championships, all sports combined (college and professional), than any other city in the United States, with over four times as many championships as the entire state of Texas, and just over twice that of New York City.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It is the only American city to host the summer Olympic games twice: once in 1932, and more recently in 1984 (Lake Placid hosted the winter Olympic games twice: once in 1932 and once in 1980). Los Angeles will also be the host of the 2028 Summer Olympics, becoming the third city to host three Olympic Games, after London and Paris.
Table of professional teams and venuesEdit
Other professional venues include:
- Auto Club Raceway, Pomona
- Auto Club Speedway
- Costa Mesa Speedway
- John C. Argue Swim Stadium
- Long Beach Marine Stadium
- Los Alamitos Race Course
- Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (Temporary)
- Pico Rivera Sports Arena
- Rose Bowl
- Santa Anita Park
- Kia Forum
- VELO Sports Center
NCAA Division I college sportsEdit
- California Baptist Lancers
- Cal State Fullerton Titans
- Cal State Northridge Matadors
- Long Beach State Beach
- Loyola Marymount Lions
- Pepperdine Waves
- UC Irvine Anteaters
- UC Riverside Highlanders
- UCLA Bruins (FBS)
- USC Trojans (FBS)
Other sportsEdit
The Greater Los Angeles area also has three well-known horse racing facilities: Santa Anita Park, Los Alamitos Race Course and the former Hollywood Park Racetrack and three major motorsport venues: Auto Club Speedway, Long Beach street circuit, and Auto Club Raceway at Pomona. In addition, the city of Los Angeles hosted the Summer Olympics in 1932 and 1984.
For over twenty years the Los Angeles area media market lacked a National Football League team. After the 1994 season, the Los Angeles Rams moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and the Los Angeles Raiders returned to their original home of Oakland, California, due to the lack of an up-to-date NFL stadium. After numerous stadium proposals between 1995 and 2016 in an attempt to bring the NFL back,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Oakland Raiders, St. Louis Rams, and San Diego Chargers all submitted plans to relocate back to Los Angeles after the 2015 NFL season. On January 12, 2016, the Rams were approved to move to Los Angeles and build the venue eventually known as SoFi Stadium with the Chargers or Raiders given the option to join them. On January 12, 2017, the Chargers announced their move to Los Angeles to join the Rams. Both teams share SoFi Stadium in Inglewood, California.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
See alsoEdit
- California megapolitan areas
- List of hotels in Los Angeles
- List of metropolitan areas in the Americas
ReferencesEdit
Template:Greater Los Angeles Area Template:US state navigation box Template:World's most populous urban areas Template:Southern California megaregion Template:Authority control