HMS Theseus (1892)

Template:Infobox ship imageTemplate:Infobox ship careerTemplate:Infobox ship characteristics

HMS Theseus was an Template:Sclass protected cruiser of the Royal Navy. The Edgars were similar but smaller versions of the Template:Sclass. Theseus was launched at Leamouth, London in 1892 and commissioned on 14 January 1896.

Service history

File:HMS Theseus shelling the Dardanelles.png

Illustration of Theseus shelling Turkish positions in 1915

Upon commission in 1896, Theseus was part of the Special Flying Squadron, which had been formed in response to a war scare with Germany,<ref name="clowes7 p435">Clowes 1903, p. 435.</ref> following which she was posted to the Mediterranean Fleet.

In January 1897 Theseus was ordered from the Mediterranean to join Rear Admiral Sir Harry Rawson's fleet that had been sent to West Africa for a punitive expedition against Benin. The force was assembled off the coast of Benin by 3 February, with landings taking place on 9 February. Benin City was captured on 18 February and the force re-embarked on the ships of the fleet on 27 February.<ref name="clowes 7 p440-3">Clowes 1903, pp. 440–443.</ref> The ship's crew suffered badly from Malaria as a result of her service during the Benin expedition, and when Theseus was refitted at Chatham later that year she required a thorough disinfection.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref>

She served in the Mediterranean until late April 1902, when she left Malta homebound to pay off,<ref>Template:Cite newspaper The Times</ref> arriving at Plymouth on 6 May,<ref>Template:Cite newspaper The Times</ref> and Chatham three days later. She was paid off into the Medway Fleet Reserve on 28 May 1902.<ref>Template:Cite newspaper The Times</ref>

She was a tender ship to Template:HMS from 1905 to 1913. In February 1913, Theseus joined the Queenstown Training Squadron.

When war broke out in 1914, Theseus joined the 10th Cruiser Squadron. In late August Russian forces in the Baltic captured copies of the German Navy codebook and Theseus was dispatched from Scapa Flow to Alexandrovosk in order to collect the copies offered to the British. Although she arrived on 7 September, due to mixups she did not depart until 30 September and returned to Scapa with two Russian couriers and the documents on 10 October. The books were formally handed over to the First Lord, Winston Churchill, on 13 October, and subsequently exploited by the cryptanalysts of Room 40.Template:Sfn

Theseus rejoined 10th Cruiser Squadron, which on 15 October was on patrol off Aberdeen, deployed in line abreast at intervals of about Template:Convert. Theseus was unsuccessfully attacked by the German submarine Template:SMU. The flotilla was ordered to proceed at full speed to the northwest in response to this attack, but no response to the order was heard from TheseusTemplate:'s sister ship Template:HMS. Hawke had been torpedoed by the German submarine Template:SMU several hours earlier and had quickly capsized and sank out of sight of the rest of the flotilla.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="castles p139">Massie 2007, p. 139.</ref><ref>Template:Harvnb</ref> Only 70 of HawkeTemplate:'s 594 crew survived.

Theseus was rearmed, along with bulges to her hull, which were added to enable her to take part in the Dardanelles Campaign. In 1916 she was deployed to the Mediterranean and was then sent to the White Sea. In 1918 she was sent to the Aegean Sea to become a depot ship. In 1919, Theseus had her final deployment, when she was sent to the Black Sea. She returned to the UK in 1920 and was scrapped the following year in Germany.

Sources

• Template:Cite book
• {{#invoke:template wrapper|{{#if:|list|wrap}}|_template=cite book

|_exclude=case, year, _debug
| last1 = Colledge
| first1 = J. J. 
| author-link1= J. J. Colledge
| last2 = Warlow
| first2 = Ben
| date = 2006
| orig-date = 1969
| title = Ships of the Royal Navy: {{#if:|The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy|The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy}}
| edition = Rev.
| location = London
| publisher = Chatham Publishing
| isbn = 978-1-86176-281-8

}}

• Roger Chesneau and Eugene M. Kolesnik, ed., Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905, (Conway Maritime Press, London, 1979), Template:ISBN
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite magazine
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite book
• Template:Cite magazine