Hugo Award for Best Novel

The Hugo Award for Best Novel is one of the Hugo Awards given each year by the World Science Fiction Society for science fiction or fantasy stories published in, or translated to, English during the previous calendar year. The novel award is available for works of fiction of 40,000 words or more; awards are also given out in the short story, novelette, and novella categories. The Hugo Awards have been described as "a fine showcase for speculative fiction", and "the best known literary award for science fiction writing".<ref name="GuardianHugo"/><ref name="LitroHugo"/>

The Hugo Award for Best Novel has been awarded annually by the World Science Fiction Society since 1953, except in 1954 and 1957. In addition, beginning in 1996, Retrospective Hugo Awards or "Retro-Hugos" have been available for works published 50, 75, or 100 years prior. Retro-Hugos may only be awarded for years after 1939 in which no awards were originally given.<ref name="thafaq"/> Retro-Hugo awards have been given for novels for 1939, 1941, 1943–1946, 1951, and 1954.<ref name="LocusRetroHugoinfo"/>

Hugo Award nominees and winners are chosen by supporting or attending members of the annual World Science Fiction Convention, or Worldcon, and the presentation evening constitutes its central event. The final selection process is defined in the World Science Fiction Society Constitution as instant-runoff voting with six finalists, except in the case of a tie. The novels on the ballot are the six most-nominated by members that year, with no limit on the number of stories that can be nominated. The 1953, 1955, and 1958 awards did not include a recognition of runner-up novels, but since 1959 all final candidates have been recorded.<ref name="thafaq" /> Initial nominations are made by members from January through March, while voting on the ballot of six finalists is performed roughly from April through July, subject to change depending on when that year's Worldcon is held.<ref name="thaabout" /> Prior to 2017, the final ballot was five works; it was changed that year to six, with each initial nominator limited to five nominations.<ref name="2017change" /> Worldcons are generally held in August or early September, and are held in a different city around the world each year.<ref name="LocusHugoinfo" /><ref name="worldcon" />

During the 79 nomination years, 172 authors have had works as finalists and 54 have won (including co-authors, ties, and Retro-Hugos). Two translators have been noted along with the author of a novel written in a language other than English: Ken Liu, in 2015 and 2017, for translations of two works from Chinese; and Rita Barisse, in 2019, who was retroactively noted as the translator of a 1963 French novel. Robert A. Heinlein has won the most Hugos for Best Novel, and also appeared on the most final ballots; he has six wins (four Hugos and two Retro-Hugos) out of twelve finalists. Lois McMaster Bujold has received four Hugos out of ten finalists. Five authors have won three times: Isaac Asimov and Fritz Leiber (with two Hugos and one Retro-Hugo each), N. K. Jemisin, Connie Willis, and Vernor Vinge. Nine other authors have won the award twice. The next-most finalists by a winning author are held by Robert J. Sawyer and Larry Niven, who have been finalists nine and eight times, respectively, and have each only won once. With nine finalist appearance, Robert Silverberg has the greatest number of finalists without winning any. Three authors have won the award in consecutive years: Orson Scott Card (1986 and 1987), Lois McMaster Bujold (1991 and 1992), and N. K. Jemisin (2016, 2017, and 2018).

Winners and finalists

In the following table, the years correspond to the date of the ceremony, rather than when the novel was first published. Each year links to the corresponding "year in literature". Entries with a yellow background have won the award; those with a grey background are the finalists on the short-list.

  *   Winners and joint winners

Template:Sronly

Year	Author(s)	Novel	Publisher	Ref.
1953	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo53"/>
1955	Template:Sortname*	They'd Rather Be Right (also known as The Forever Machine)	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo55"/>
	Template:Sortname*
1956	Template:Sortname*	Double Star	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo56"/>
	Template:Sortname	Call Him Dead (also known as Three to Conquer)	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo56"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo56"/>
	Template:Sortname	Not This August	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo56"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo56"/>
1958Template:Efn	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo58" />
1959	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo59" />
	Template:Sortname	We Have Fed Our Sea (also known as The Enemy Stars)	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo59" />
	Template:Sortname	Who?	Pyramid Books	<ref name="Hugo59"/>
	Template:Sortname	Have Space Suit — Will Travel	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo59"/>
	Template:Sortname	Time Killer (also known as Immortality, Inc.)	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo59"/>
1960	Template:Sortname*	Starship Troopers	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo60"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dorsai! (also known as The Genetic General)	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo60"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo60"/>
	Template:Sortname	That Sweet Little Old Lady (also known as Brain Twister)	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo60"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Dell Publishing	<ref name="Hugo60"/>
1961	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	J. B. Lippincott & Co.	<ref name="Hugo61"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo61"/>
	Template:Sortname	Rogue Moon	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo61"/>
	Template:Sortname	Deathworld	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo61"/>
	Template:Sortname	Venus Plus X	Pyramid Books	<ref name="Hugo61"/>
1962	Template:Sortname*	Stranger in a Strange Land	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo62"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dark Universe	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo62"/>
	Template:Sortname	Planet of the Damned (also known as Sense of Obligation)	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo62"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort (also known as Time Is the Simplest Thing)	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo62"/>
	Template:Sortname	Second Ending	Fantastic	<ref name="Hugo62"/>
1963	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo63"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo63"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Harcourt Trade Publishers	<ref name="Hugo63"/>
	Template:Sortname	Little Fuzzy	Avon Publications	<ref name="Hugo63"/>
	Template:Sortname (French)Template:Efn	Sylva	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo63"/>
	Template:Sortname (translator)Template:Efn
1964	Template:Sortname*	Here Gather the Stars (also known as Way Station)	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo64"/>
	Template:Sortname	Glory Road	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo64"/>
	Template:Sortname	Witch World	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo64"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dune WorldTemplate:Efn	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo64"/>
	Template:Sortname	Cat's Cradle	Holt, Rinehart and Winston	<ref name="Hugo64"/>
1965	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo65"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo65"/>
	Template:Sortname	Davy	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo65"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Pyramid Books	<ref name="Hugo65"/>
1966	Template:Sortname*	Dune	Chilton Company	<ref name="Hugo66"/>
	Template:Sortname*	...And Call Me Conrad (also known as This Immortal)	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo66"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo66"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	If	<ref name="Hugo66"/>
	Template:Sortname	Skylark DuQuesne	If	<ref name="Hugo66"/>
1967	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	If	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
	Template:Sortname	Babel-17	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
	Template:Sortname	Too Many Magicians	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
	Template:Sortname	Flowers for Algernon	Harcourt Trade Publishers	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Chilton Company	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
	Template:Sortname	Day of the Minotaur	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo67"/>
1968	Template:Sortname*	Lord of Light	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo68"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo68"/>
	Template:Sortname	Chthon	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo68"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Pyramid Books	<ref name="Hugo68"/>
	Template:Sortname	Thorns	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo68"/>
1969	Template:Sortname*	Stand on Zanzibar	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo69"/>
	Template:Sortname	Rite of Passage	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo69"/>
	Template:Sortname	Nova	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo69"/>
	Template:Sortname	Past Master	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo69"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo69"/>
1970	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo70"/>
	Template:Sortname	Up the Line	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo70"/>
	Template:Sortname	Macroscope	Avon Publications	<ref name="Hugo70"/>
	Template:Sortname	Slaughterhouse-Five	Delacorte Press	<ref name="Hugo70"/>
	Template:Sortname	Bug Jack Barron	Avon Publications	<ref name="Hugo70"/>
1971	Template:Sortname*	Ringworld	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo71"/>
	Template:Sortname	Tau Zero	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo71"/>
	Template:Sortname	Tower of Glass	Charles Scribner's Sons	<ref name="Hugo71"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo71"/>
	Template:Sortname	Star Light	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo71"/>
1972	Template:Sortname*	To Your Scattered Bodies Go	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo72"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Amazing Stories	<ref name="Hugo72"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dragonquest	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo72"/>
	Template:Sortname	Jack of Shadows	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo72"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo72"/>
1973	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
	Template:Sortname	When HARLIE Was One	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
	Template:Sortname	There Will Be Time	Signet Books	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Charles Scribner's Sons	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dying Inside	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo73"/>
1974	Template:Sortname*	Rendezvous with Rama	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo74"/>
	Template:Sortname	Time Enough for Love	Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo74"/>
	Template:Sortname	Protector	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo74"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo74"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Random House	<ref name="Hugo74"/>
1975	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Harper & Row	<ref name="Hugo75"/>
	Template:Sortname	Fire Time	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo75"/>
	Template:Sortname	Flow My Tears, the Policeman Said	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo75"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Simon & Schuster	<ref name="Hugo75"/>
	Template:Sortname
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo75"/>
1976	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	St. Martin's Press	<ref name="Hugo76"/>
	Template:Sortname	Doorways in the Sand	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo76"/>
	Template:Sortname	Inferno	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo76"/>
	Template:Sortname
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort (also known as The Indian Giver)	Berkley Putnam	<ref name="Hugo76"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Harper & Row	<ref name="Hugo76"/>
1977	Template:Sortname*	Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang	Harper & Row	<ref name="Hugo77"/>
	Template:Sortname	Mindbridge	St. Martin's Press	<ref name="Hugo77"/>
	Template:Sortname	Children of Dune	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo77"/>
	Template:Sortname	Man Plus	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo77"/>
	Template:Sortname	Shadrach in the Furnace	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo77"/>
1978	Template:Sortname*	Gateway	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo78"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo78"/>
	Template:Sortname	Lucifer's Hammer	Playboy Press	<ref name="Hugo78"/>
	Template:Sortname
	Template:Sortname	Time Storm	St. Martin's Press	<ref name="Hugo78"/>
	Template:Sortname	Dying of the Light	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo78"/>
1979	Template:Sortname*	Dreamsnake	Houghton Mifflin	<ref name="Hugo79"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo79"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo79"/>
	Template:Sortname	Blind Voices	Berkley Putnam	<ref name="Hugo79"/>
1980	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Victor Gollancz Ltd	<ref name="Hugo80"/>
	Template:Sortname	Titan	Berkley Putnam	<ref name="Hugo80"/>
	Template:Sortname	Jem	St. Martin's Press	<ref name="Hugo80"/>
	Template:Sortname	Harpist in the Wind	Atheneum Books	<ref name="Hugo80"/>
	Template:Sortname	On Wings of Song	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo80"/>
1981	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Dial Press	<ref name="Hugo81"/>
	Template:Sortname	Lord Valentine's Castle	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo81"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galileo Magazine of Science & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo81"/>
	Template:Sortname	Beyond the Blue Event Horizon	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo81"/>
	Template:Sortname	Wizard	Berkley Putnam	<ref name="Hugo81"/>
1982	Template:Sortname*	Downbelow Station	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo82"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Timescape Books	<ref name="Hugo82"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Houghton Mifflin	<ref name="Hugo82"/>
	Template:Sortname	Project Pope	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo82"/>
	Template:Sortname	Little, Big	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo82"/>
1983	Template:Sortname*	Foundation's Edge	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
	Template:Sortname	2010: Odyssey Two	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
	Template:Sortname	Friday	Holt, Rinehart and Winston	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
	Template:Sortname	Courtship Rite	Timescape	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Timescape	<ref name="Hugo83"/>
1984	Template:Sortname*	Startide Rising	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo84"/>
	Template:Sortname	Tea with the Black Dragon	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo84"/>
	Template:Sortname	Millennium	Berkley Books	<ref name="Hugo84"/>
	Template:Sortname	Moreta: Dragonlady of Pern	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo84"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo84"/>
1985	Template:Sortname*	Neuromancer	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo85"/>
	Template:Sortname	Emergence	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo85"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Bluejay Books	<ref name="Hugo85"/>
	Template:Sortname	Job: A Comedy of Justice	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo85"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo85"/>
1986	Template:Sortname*	Ender's Game	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo86"/>
	Template:Sortname	Cuckoo's Egg	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo86"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo86"/>
	Template:Sortname	Footfall	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo86"/>
	Template:Sortname
	Template:Sortname	Blood Music	Arbor House	<ref name="Hugo86"/>
1987	Template:Sortname*	Speaker for the Dead	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo87"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Victor Gollancz Ltd	<ref name="Hugo87"/>
	Template:Sortname	Count Zero	Asimov's Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo87"/>
	Template:Sortname	Marooned in Realtime	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo87"/>
	Template:Sortname	Black Genesis	Bridge Publications	<ref name="Hugo87"/>
1988	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo88"/>
	Template:Sortname	When Gravity Fails	Arbor House	<ref name="Hugo88"/>
	Template:Sortname	Seventh Son	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo88"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo88"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo88"/>
1989	Template:Sortname*	Cyteen	Warner Books	<ref name="Hugo89"/>
	Template:Sortname	Red Prophet	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo89"/>
	Template:Sortname	Falling Free	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo89"/>
	Template:Sortname	Islands in the Net	Arbor House	<ref name="Hugo89"/>
	Template:Sortname	Mona Lisa Overdrive	Victor Gollancz Ltd	<ref name="Hugo89"/>
1990	Template:Sortname*	Hyperion	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo90"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo90"/>
	Template:Sortname	Prentice Alvin	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo90"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo90"/>
	Template:Sortname	Grass	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo90"/>
1991	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo91"/>
	Template:Sortname	Earth	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo91"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo91"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo91"/>
	Template:Sortname	Queen of Angels	Warner Questar	<ref name="Hugo91"/>
1992	Template:Sortname*	Barrayar	Analog Science Fact & Fiction	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
	Template:Sortname	Bone Dance	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
	Template:Sortname	All the Weyrs of Pern	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Warner Questar	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
	Template:Sortname	Xenocide	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
	Template:Sortname	Stations of the Tide	Asimov's Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo92"/>
1993	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo93"/>
	Template:Sortname*	Doomsday Book	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo93"/>
	Template:Sortname	Red Mars	HarperCollins	<ref name="Hugo93"/>
	Template:Sortname	China Mountain Zhang	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo93"/>
	Template:Sortname	Steel Beach	Ace Books/Putnam Publishing Group	<ref name="Hugo93"/>
1994	Template:Sortname*	Green Mars	HarperCollins	<ref name="Hugo94"/>
	Template:Sortname	Moving Mars	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo94"/>
	Template:Sortname	Beggars in Spain	Morrow AvoNova	<ref name="Hugo94"/>
	Template:Sortname	Glory Season	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo94"/>
	Template:Sortname	Virtual Light	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo94"/>
1995	Template:Sortname*	Mirror Dance	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo95"/>
	Template:Sortname	Mother of Storms	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo95"/>
	Template:Sortname	Beggars and Choosers	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo95"/>
	Template:Sortname	Brittle Innings	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo95"/>
	Template:Sortname	Towing Jehovah	Harcourt Brace	<ref name="Hugo95"/>
1996	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo96"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	HarperPrism	<ref name="Hugo96"/>
	Template:Sortname	Brightness Reef	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo96"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Analog Science Fiction and Fact	<ref name="Hugo96"/>
	Template:Sortname	Remake	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo96"/>
1997	Template:Sortname*	Blue Mars	HarperCollins Voyager	<ref name="Hugo97"/>
	Template:Sortname	Memory	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo97"/>
	Template:Sortname	Remnant Population	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo97"/>
	Template:Sortname	Starplex	Analog Science Fiction and Fact	<ref name="Hugo97"/>
	Template:Sortname	Holy Fire	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo97"/>
1998	Template:Sortname*	Forever Peace	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo98"/>
	Template:Sortname	City on Fire	HarperPrism	<ref name="Hugo98"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo98"/>
	Template:Sortname	Frameshift	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo98"/>
	Template:Sortname	Jack Faust	Avon Publications	<ref name="Hugo98"/>
1999	Template:Sortname*	To Say Nothing of the Dog	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo99"/>
	Template:Sortname	Children of God	Villard Books	<ref name="Hugo99"/>
	Template:Sortname	Darwinia	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo99"/>
	Template:Sortname	Distraction	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo99"/>
	Template:Sortname	Factoring Humanity	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo99"/>
2000	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo00"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo00"/>
	Template:Sortname	Cryptonomicon	Avon Publications	<ref name="Hugo00"/>
	Template:Sortname	Darwin's Radio	HarperCollins	<ref name="Hugo00"/>
	Template:Sortname	Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban	Bloomsbury Publishing	<ref name="Hugo00"/>
2001	Template:Sortname*	Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire	Bloomsbury Publishing	<ref name="Hugo01"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	HarperCollins Voyager	<ref name="Hugo01"/>
	Template:Sortname	Calculating God	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo01"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo01"/>
	Template:Sortname	Midnight Robber	Warner Aspect	<ref name="Hugo01"/>
2002	Template:Sortname*	American Gods	William Morrow and Company	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Eos	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
	Template:Sortname	Passage	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
	Template:Sortname	Perdido Street Station	Macmillan Publishers	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
	Template:Sortname	Cosmonaut Keep	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo02"/>
2003	Template:Sortname*	Hominids	Analog Science Fiction and Fact	<ref name="Hugo03"/>
	Template:Sortname	Kiln People (UK: Kil'n People)	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo03"/>
	Template:Sortname	Bones of the Earth	Eos	<ref name="Hugo03"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo03"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Bantam Books	<ref name="Hugo03"/>
2004	Template:Sortname*	Paladin of Souls	Eos	<ref name="Hugo04"/>
	Template:Sortname	Ilium	Eos	<ref name="Hugo04"/>
	Template:Sortname	Singularity Sky	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo04"/>
	Template:Sortname	Blind Lake	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo04"/>
	Template:Sortname	Humans	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo04"/>
2005	Template:Sortname*	Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell	Bloomsbury Publishing	<ref name="Hugo05"/>
	Template:Sortname	River of Gods	Simon & Schuster	<ref name="Hugo05"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo05"/>
	Template:Sortname	Iron Sunrise	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo05"/>
	Template:Sortname	Iron Council	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo05"/>
2006	Template:Sortname*	Spin	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo06"/>
	Template:Sortname	Learning the World	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo06"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Voyager Books	<ref name="Hugo06"/>
	Template:Sortname	Old Man's War	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo06"/>
	Template:Sortname	Accelerando	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo06"/>
2007	Template:Sortname*	Rainbows End	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo07"/>
	Template:Sortname	Glasshouse	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo07"/>
	Template:Sortname	His Majesty's Dragon	Voyager Books	<ref name="Hugo07"/>
	Template:Sortname	Eifelheim	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo07"/>
	Template:Sortname	Blindsight	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo07"/>
2008	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	HarperCollins	<ref name="Hugo08"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo08"/>
	Template:Sortname	Halting State	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo08"/>
	Template:Sortname	Rollback	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo08"/>
	Template:Sortname	Brasyl	Pyr	<ref name="Hugo08"/>
2009	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	HarperCollins	<ref name="Hugo09"/>
	Template:Sortname	Little Brother	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo09"/>
	Template:Sortname	Anathem	Morrow	<ref name="Hugo09"/>
	Template:Sortname	Saturn's Children	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo09"/>
	Template:Sortname	Zoe's Tale	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo09"/>
2010	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Night Shade Books	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
	Template:Sortname	Boneshaker	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
	Template:Sortname	Wake	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
	Template:Sortname	Palimpsest	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
	Template:Sortname	Julian Comstock: A Story of 22nd-Century America	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo10"/>
2011	Template:Sortname*	Blackout/All Clear	Spectra Books	<ref name="Hugo11"/>
	Template:Sortname	Cryoburn	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo11"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Gollancz / Pyr	<ref name="Hugo11"/>
	Template:Sortname	Feed	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo11"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo11"/>
2012	Template:Sortname*	Among Others	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo12"/>
	Template:Sortname	A Dance with Dragons	Bantam Spectra	<ref name="Hugo12"/>
	Template:Sortname	Deadline	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo12"/>
	Template:Sortname	Embassytown	Macmillan Publishers / Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo12"/>
	Template:Sortname	Leviathan Wakes	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo12"/>
2013	Template:Sortname*	Redshirts	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo13"/>
	Template:Sortname	2312	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo13"/>
	Template:Sortname	Blackout	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo13"/>
	Template:Sortname	Captain Vorpatril's Alliance	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo13"/>
	Template:Sortname	Throne of the Crescent Moon	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo13"/>
2014	Template:Sortname*	Ancillary Justice	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo14"/>
	Template:Sortname	Neptune's Brood	Ace Books	<ref name="Hugo14"/>
	Template:Sortname	Parasite	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo14"/>
	Template:Sortname	Warbound	Baen Books	<ref name="Hugo14"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo14"/>
	Template:Sortname
2015Template:Efn	Template:Sortname (Chinese)*Template:Efn	Template:Sort	Chongqing Press (original) Tor Books (translation)	<ref name="Hugo15"/>
	Template:Sortname (translator)*Template:Efn
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo15"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo15"/>
	Template:Sortname	Skin Game	Roc Books	<ref name="Hugo15"/>
	Template:Sortname	Ancillary Sword	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo15"/>
2016	Template:Sortname*	The Fifth Season	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo16"/>
	Template:Sortname	Uprooted	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo16"/>
	Template:Sortname	Ancillary Mercy	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo16"/>
	Template:Sortname	Seveneves	William Morrow and Company	<ref name="Hugo16"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Roc Books	<ref name="Hugo16"/>
2017	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo17"/>
	Template:Sortname	All the Birds in the Sky	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo17" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Hodder & Stoughton	<ref name="Hugo17"/>
	Template:Sortname (Chinese)Template:Efn	Death's End	Chongqing Press (original) Tor Books (translation)	<ref name="Hugo17"/>
	Template:Sortname (translator)Template:Efn
	Template:Sortname	Ninefox Gambit	Solaris Books	<ref name="Hugo17"/>
	Template:Sortname	Too Like the Lightning	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo17"/>
2018	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo18"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo18"/>
	Template:Sortname	New York 2140	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo18" />
	Template:Sortname	Provenance	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo18"/>
	Template:Sortname	Raven Stratagem	Solaris Books	<ref name="Hugo18"/>
	Template:Sortname	Six Wakes	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo18"/>
2019	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Hodder & Stoughton	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
	Template:Sortname	Revenant Gun	Solaris Books	<ref name="Hugo19" />
	Template:Sortname	Spinning Silver	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
	Template:Sortname	Trail of Lightning	Saga Press	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
	Template:Sortname	Space Opera	Saga Press	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
2020	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo20"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo20"/>
	Template:Sortname	Gideon the Ninth	Tor.com Publishing	<ref name="Hugo20"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Saga Press	<ref name="Hugo20" />
	Template:Sortname	Middlegame	Tor.com Publishing	<ref name="Hugo20"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Redhook	<ref name="Hugo20"/>
2021	Template:Sortname*	Network Effect	Tor.com Publishing	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
	Template:Sortname	Black Sun	Saga Press	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
	Template:Sortname	Harrow the Ninth	Tor.com Publishing	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
	Template:Sortname	Piranesi	Bloomsbury Publishing	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo21"/>
2022	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Harper Voyager/Hodder & Stoughton	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
	Template:Sortname	Light From Uncommon Stars	Tor Books/St Martin's Press	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tordotcom/Orbit UK	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
	Template:Sortname	Project Hail Mary	Ballantine Books/Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
	Template:Sortname	She Who Became the Sun	Tor Books/Mantle Books	<ref name="Hugo22"/>
2023Template:Efn	Template:Sortname (as T. Kingfisher)*	Nettle & Bone	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo23" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo23" />
	Template:Sortname	Legends & Lattes	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo23" />
	Template:Sortname	Nona the Ninth	Tordotcom	<ref name="Hugo23" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books	<ref name="Hugo23" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo23" />
2024	Template:Sortname*	Some Desperate Glory	Tordotcom/Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo24" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Harper Voyager	<ref name="Hugo24" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Tordotcom	<ref name="Hugo24" />
	Template:Sortname	Starter Villain	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo24" />
	Template:Sortname	Translation State	Orbit Books	<ref name="Hugo24" />
	Template:Sortname	Witch King	Tordotcom	<ref name="Hugo24" />
2025	Template:Sortname	Alien Clay	Orbit Books/Tor UK	<ref name="Hugo25" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Avid Reader Press/Sceptre	<ref name="Hugo25" />
	Template:Sortname	Service Model	Tordotcom	<ref name="Hugo25" />
	Template:Sortname	Someone You Can Build a Nest In	DAW Books	<ref name="Hugo25" />
	Template:Sortname (as T. Kingfisher)	Template:Sort	Tor Books	<ref name="Hugo25" />
	Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Del Rey Books/Hodderscape	<ref name="Hugo25" />

Retro-Hugos

Beginning with the 1996 Worldcon, the World Science Fiction Society created the concept of "Retro-Hugos", in which the Hugo award could be retroactively awarded for 50, 75, or 100 years prior. Retro-Hugos may only be awarded for years after 1939 (the year of the first Worldcon) in which no Hugos were originally awarded.<ref name="thafaq"/> Retro-Hugos have been awarded eight times, for 1939, 1941, 1943–46, 1951, and 1954.

Template:Sronly

Year	Year awarded	Author(s)	Novel	Publisher or publication	Ref.
1939	2014	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	William Collins, Sons	<ref name="Hugo39"/>
		Template:Sortname	Carson of Venus	Argosy	<ref name="Hugo39"/>
		Template:Sortname	Galactic Patrol	Astounding Stories	<ref name="Hugo39"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo39"/>
		Template:Sortname	Out of the Silent Planet	Template:Sort	<ref name="Hugo39"/>
1941	2016	Template:Sortname*	Slan	Astounding Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo41"/>
		Template:Sortname	Gray Lensman	Astounding Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo41"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	William Collins, Sons	<ref name="Hugo41"/>
		Template:Sortname	Kallocain	Bonnier Group	<ref name="Hugo41"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Unknown	<ref name="Hugo41"/>
1943	2018	Template:Sortname (as Anson MacDonald)*	Beyond This Horizon	Astounding Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
		Template:Sortname	Darkness and the Light	Methuen Publishing	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
		Template:Sortname	Donovan's Brain	Black Mask	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
		Template:Sortname	Islandia	Farrar & Rinehart	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
		Template:Sortname	Second Stage Lensmen	Astounding Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo43"/>
1944	2019	Template:Sortname*	Conjure Wife	Unknown Worlds	<ref name="Hugo44"/>
		Template:Sortname	Earth's Last Citadel	Argosy	<ref name="Hugo19"/>
		Template:Sortname
		Template:Sortname	Gather, Darkness!	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo44"/>
		Template:Sortname	Das Glasperlenspiel (The Glass Bead Game)	Fretz & Wasmuth	<ref name="Hugo44"/>
		Template:Sortname	Perelandra	John Lane, The Bodley Head	<ref name="Hugo44"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo44"/>
1945	2020	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Startling Stories	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Cassell	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname	Land of Terror	Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname	Sirius: A Fantasy of Love and Discord	Secker & Warburg	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Macmillan Publishers	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo45"/>
		Template:Sortname
1946	1996	Template:Sortname*	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo46"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo46"/>
		Template:Sortname	That Hideous Strength (also known as The Tortured Planet)	John Lane	<ref name="Hugo46"/>
		Template:Sortname	Destiny Times Three	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo46"/>
		Template:Sortname (as Brett Sterling)	Red Sun of Danger (also known as Danger Planet)	Startling Stories	<ref name="Hugo46"/>
1951	2001	Template:Sortname*	Farmer in the Sky	Boys' Life	<ref name="Hugo51"/>
		Template:Sortname	Pebble in the Sky	Doubleday	<ref name="Hugo51"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Geoffrey Bles	<ref name="Hugo51"/>
		Template:Sortname	First Lensman	Fantasy Press	<ref name="Hugo51"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Hillman Periodicals	<ref name="Hugo51"/>
1954	2004	Template:Sortname*	Fahrenheit 451	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo54"/>
		Template:Sortname	Childhood's End	Ballantine Books	<ref name="Hugo54"/>
		Template:Sortname	Mission of Gravity	Astounding Science-Fiction	<ref name="Hugo54"/>
		Template:Sortname	Template:Sort	Galaxy Science Fiction	<ref name="Hugo54"/>
		Template:Sortname	More Than Human	Farrar, Straus and Giroux	<ref name="Hugo54"/>

See also

• Nebula Award for Best Novel
• List of joint winners of the Hugo and Nebula awards
• List of literary awards
• Locus Award for Best Novel

External links

• Hugo Award official site Template:Webarchive
• Original proposal for the award in Philcon II program book Template:Webarchive

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