Isère
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Isère (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell,<ref>Template:Cite American Heritage Dictionary</ref><ref>Template:Cite Merriam-Webster</ref> {{#invoke:IPA|main}}; Template:Langx; Template:Langx, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019.<ref name=pop2019>Populations légales 2019: 38 Isère, INSEE</ref> Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
HistoryEdit
Isère is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was established from the main part of the former province of Dauphiné.<ref name="BeachRines1912">Template:Cite book</ref> Its area was reduced twice, in 1852 and again in 1967, on both occasions losing territory to the department of Rhône.
In 1852 in response to rapid urban development around the edge of Lyon, the (hitherto Isère) communes of Bron, Vaulx-en-Velin, Vénissieux and Villeurbanne were transferred to Rhône.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> In 1967 the redrawing of local government borders led to the creation of the Urban Community of Lyon (more recently known simply as Greater Lyon or Grand Lyon). At that time intercommunal groupings of this nature were not permitted to straddle departmental frontiers, and accordingly 23 more Isère communes (along with six communes from Ain) found themselves transferred to Rhône. The affected Isère communes were Chaponnay, Chassieu, Communay, Corbas, Décines-Charpieu, Feyzin, Genas, Jonage, Jons, Marennes, Meyzieu, Mions, Pusignan, Saint-Bonnet-de-Mure, Saint-Laurent-de-Mure, Saint-Pierre-de-Chandieu, Saint-Priest, Saint-Symphorien-d'Ozon, Sérézin-du-Rhône, Simandres, Solaize, Ternay and Toussieu.<ref>Loi n°67-1205 du 29 décembre 1967 modifiant les limites des départements de l'Ain, de l'Isère et du Rhône, Journal officiel de la République française n° 0303, 30 December 1967, p. 12980.</ref>
Most recently, on 1 April 1971, Colombier-Saugnieu was transferred to Rhône. Banners appeared in the commune's three little villages at the time proclaiming Dauphinois toujours ("Always Dauphinois").
GeographyEdit
Isère includes a part of the French Alps. The highest point in the department is the subpeak Pic Lory at Template:Convert, subsidiary to the Template:Convert Barre des Écrins in the adjoining Hautes-Alpes department. The summit of La Meije at Template:Convert is also well known. The Vercors Plateau aesthetically dominates the western part of the department.
Principal townsEdit
The most populous commune is Grenoble, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 7 communes with more than 20,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2019/>
| Commune | Population (2019) |
|---|---|
| Grenoble | 158,198 |
| Saint-Martin-d'Hères | 37,935 |
| Échirolles | 36,932 |
| Vienne | 29,993 |
| Bourgoin-Jallieu | 28,834 |
| Fontaine | 23,211 |
| Voiron | 20,372 |
DemographicsEdit
Inhabitants of the department are called Isérois (masculine) and Iséroises (feminine).
Population development since 1801:Template:Historical populations
PoliticsEdit
Departmental politicsEdit
The President of the Departmental Council has been Jean-Pierre Barbier of The Republicans (LR) since 2015.
Following the 2021 departmental election, the Departmental Council of Isère (58 seats) was composed as follows:
| Group | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" |• | The Republicans and allies | 26 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Socialist Party and allies | 13 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" |• | Union of Democrats and Independents and allies | 5 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | French Communist Party and allies | 5 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" | | Europe Ecology – The Greens and allies | 4 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" |• | Independents | 3 |
| style="background-color: Template:Party color" |• | La République En Marche! | 2 |
Representation in ParisEdit
National AssemblyEdit
In the 2022 legislative election, Isère elected the following representatives to the National Assembly:
In 2024, all the Renaissance and Democratic Movement candidates lost their seats: to La France Insoumise in the 1st and 9th constituencies, and to RN-coalition parties in the 8th and 10th. The other representatives were all reelected.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
SenateEdit
In the 2017 Senate election, Isère elected Didier Rambaud (La République En Marche!), Guillaume Gontard (miscellaneous left), Frédérique Puissat (The Republicans), Michel Savin (The Republicans) and André Vallini (Socialist Party) for the 2017–2023 term.
CultureEdit
The Grande Chartreuse is the mother abbey of the Carthusian order. It is located Template:Convert north of Grenoble.
As early as the 13th century, residents of the north and central parts of Isère spoke a dialect of the Franco-Provençal language called Dauphinois, while those in the Southern parts spoke the Vivaro-Alpine dialect of Occitan. Both continued to be spoken in rural areas of Isère into the 20th century.
TourismEdit
Isère features many ski resorts, including the Alpe d'Huez, Les Deux Alpes, the 1968 Winter Olympics resorts of Chamrousse, Villard de Lans, Autrans. Other popular resorts include Les 7 Laux, Méaudre, Saint-Pierre-de-Chartreuse, Alpe du Grand Serre and Gresse-en-Vercors. At the department level, Isère is the third-largest ski and winter destination in France, after Savoie and Haute-Savoie. It also hosts Coupe Icare, an annual festival of free flight, such as paragliding and hang-gliding, held at the world-renowned paragliding site at Lumbin.
Grenoble has a dozen museums, including its most famous, established in 1798, the Museum of Grenoble. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), an international research facility in Grenoble, is also open to visitors.
- Fontaine trois ordres - Grenoble.JPG
- Les Oeufs d'Huez.jpg
Ski lift at Alpe d'Huez
- Vercors 001.jpg
The Grand Veymont
- Dent de Crolles.jpg
The Dent de Crolles
- Lac du Curtillard et montagne de l'Arpette (août 2020).JPG
- Tour Du Queyras 03.jpg
Queyras Valley
- Lac de Monteynard 3.jpg
- La Ruchère en Chartreuse.JPG
- Dinnertime, rue Fernand-Point + Stela!.jpg
Roman stela nicknamed "the pyramid", Vienne
- Marguerite et le temple.jpg
Temple of Augustus and Livia, Vienne
See alsoEdit
- Cantons of the Isère department
- Charmant Som
- Communes of the Isère department
- Arrondissements of the Isère department
- Chartreuse Mountains
- Grande Sure
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
- Prefecture website Template:In lang
- Departmental Council website Template:In lang
- Template:Cite EB1911
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