Ishinomaki
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Template:Nihongo is a city located in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Template:As of, the city has an estimated population of 138,538, and a population density of 250 persons per km2 in 61,919 households.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The total area of the city is Template:Convert.
GeographyEdit
Ishinomaki is in northeastern Miyagi Prefecture. The city borders on Ishinomaki Bay to the south and Minamisanriku city to the north, with the Kitakami Mountains to the west. Its coastline forms part of the Sanriku Fukkō National Park, which stretches north to Aomori Prefecture. Ishinomaki includes Tashirojima (also known as "Cat Island"), Ajishima, and Kinkasan, three islands off the south coast of Oshika Peninsula.
Neighboring municipalitiesEdit
Miyagi Prefecture
ClimateEdit
Ishinomaki has a humid climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature in Ishinomaki is Template:Cvt. The average annual rainfall is Template:Cvt with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around Template:Cvt, and lowest in January, at around Template:Cvt.<ref name= "normals"/> Its record high is Template:Cvt, reached on 15 August 2007, and its record low is Template:Cvt, reached on 6 January 1919.<ref name = "extremes"/>
Template:Weather box Template:Weather box
DemographicsEdit
Per Japanese census data,<ref>Ichinomaki population statistics</ref> the population of Ishinomaki has declined over the past 40 years.
Template:Historical populations
HistoryEdit
The area of present-day Ishinomaki was part of ancient Mutsu Province. During the Sengoku period, the area was contested by various samurai clans before the area came under the control of the Date clan of Sendai Domain during the Edo period. The town prospered as a major port and transshipment center for coastal shipping between Edo and northern Japan. The town of Ishinomaki was established within Oshika District on June 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system.
The city was founded on April 1, 1933. On April 1, 2005, Ishinomaki absorbed the neighboring towns of Kahoku, Kanan, Kitakami, Monou and Ogatsu, and the town of Oshika to more than quadruple its area and add nearly 60,000 people to its population.
The town of Ogatsu is regionally famous for its inkstones and has an annual scallop festival in the summer. Ayukawa, a town in Oshika, was formerly a base for several ships in Japan's whaling fleet.
2011 earthquake, tsunami, and subsidenceEdit
Ishinomaki was among the municipalities most seriously affected by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Several tsunamis, up to about Template:Convert high, traveled inland up to Template:Convert from the coast. The tsunami destroyed around 80% of the 700 houses in the coastal port of Ayukawa, and the Kadonowaki neighborhood was largely leveled.<ref>Template:Cite news </ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Approximately 46% of the city was inundated by the tsunami.<ref>NHK, "Tsunami flooded 100 square kilometers of city land", 29 March 2011.</ref> Following the tsunami, a Kamen Rider statue was found completely intact despite damage to the surrounding area; a writer for Tokyo Sports hoped that it would symbolically give hope to the survivors of the disaster.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Many public schools were completely destroyed, including Template:Nihongo, which lost 70 of 108 students and nine of 13 teachers and staff.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> There is still anger among some of the parents of the dead students because the teachers had wasted precious time in debating whether to evacuate to higher ground. And when the decision was finally made, the teachers had decided to get to higher ground further away from the school which necessitated crossing a nearby river bridge. It was here while crossing the bridge that both the teachers and students were swept away by the tsunami. This decision is deemed unreasonable by many of the parents because there is a hill right behind the school, which they could have reached quickly. One of the teachers had tried to persuade the other teachers to bring the students to safety uphill soon after the earthquake; when he was unsuccessful, he evacuated himself, managing to persuade one of the students to go with him - both survived. One of the teachers who survived the tsunami at the bridge later committed suicide.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Ishinomaki is the Japanese municipality with the highest confirmed death count. Template:As of, a total of 3,097 deaths had been confirmed in Ishinomaki due to the tsunami, with 2,770 unaccounted for.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Approximately 29,000 city residents lost their homes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
Ishinomaki employs several foreigners to teach English in all of its elementary and junior high schools, as well as the two municipal high schools. American teacher Taylor Anderson was killed by the tsunami. Since her death, her family has been active in supporting the Ishinomaki school district, and has set up programs to further English education.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} </ref>
The earthquake shifted the city southeast and downward, lowering it by as much as Template:Convert in some areas and causing it to flood twice daily at high tide. A once sandy beach in the Kadonowaki area completely disappeared and tides now reach the wall that once separated the beach from the road. Near the Mangakan Island, a walkway with benches was partially submerged in the river.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
RebuildingEdit
Since 2011, Ishinomaki and other municipalities have been focusing on rebuilding and attracting residents back into the area. In 2019, eight years after the tragedy, Okawa Elementary School remains in ruins, as a memorial to those that were lost in the tsunami. Numerous parents who lost children due to staff errors sued the school and won in 2019.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Ishinomaki and other neighboring cities started construction on levees and large walls along the coast to protect against future tsunamis.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
GovernmentEdit
Ishinomaki has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 30 members. Ishinomaki, together with the town of Onagawa, contributes five seats to the Miyagi Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Miyagi 5th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
EconomyEdit
Ishinomaki traditionally has been a center for commercial fishing, especially for the cultivation of oysters.
EducationEdit
- Ishinomaki Senshu University
- Ishinomaki has 36 public elementary schools, 20 public junior high schools and one public high school operated by the city government, and seven public high schools operated by the Miyagi Prefectural Board of Education. The prefectural also operates one special education school for the handicapped. A private university, the Ishinomaki Senshu University, is also located in the city.
TransportationEdit
RailwayEdit
JR EastEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
- Template:Ifsubst style="color:hotpink">■Ishinomaki Line
- Template:Ifsubst style="color:deepskyblue">■Senseki Line(Template:Ifsubst style="color:deepskyblue">■Template:Ifsubst style="color:#3cb371">■Senseki-Tohoku Line)
- Template:Ifsubst style="color:#3b459b">■Kesennuma Line
Intercity busEdit
Daily scheduled intercity buses bound for the following cities, through the Sanriku Expressway, are being served from Ishinomaki Station.
- Sendai via Aeon Ishinomaki Shopping Center (Mall), by Miyakou Bus Co. Ltd., a subsidiary of Miyagi Transportation (Miyagi Kotsu) Co., Ltd.
- Shinjuku, Tokyo via Shibuya (overnight): via Sendai, operated by Miyagi Transportation (Miyagi Kotsu) Co., Ltd. and Keio Dentetsu Bus Corporation
HighwaysEdit
- Template:Jct (Ishinomaki-kanan, Kahoku, Monou-toyosato and Monou-tsuyama interchanges)
- Template:Jct
- Template:Jct
- Template:Jct
SeaportEdit
Local attractionsEdit
- Ishii lock
- Ishinomaki Saint John the Apostle Orthodox Church
- Ishinomori Manga Museum along with Manga Road celebrating Shotaro Ishinomori's manga legacy.Template:Clarify
- The reed fields at the mouth of the Kitakami River at Ishinomaki is listed as one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan by the Ministry of the Environment<ref name="Hundred">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Numazu Shell Midden, a Jōmon period National Historic Site<ref name= "Bunka1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Saitō Garden
- Template:Ship, replica of a ship commissioned in 1613 by Date Masamune to transport an embassy to the Pope in Rome.
Sister citiesEdit
Template:See also Ishinomaki is twinned with:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Template:Flagicon Hitachinaka, Japan
Friendship citiesEdit
- Template:Flagicon Civitavecchia, Italy
- Template:Flagicon Hagi, Japan
- Template:Flagicon Kahoku, Japan
- Template:Flagicon Wenzhou, China
Noted people from IshinomakiEdit
- Kasugafuji Akihiro, sumo wrestler
- Jun Azumi, politician
- Tatsuji Fuse, lawyer, social activist
- Sukekiyo Kameyama, voice actor
- Isamu Kosugi, actor, movie director
- Mai Mukaida, make-up artist and businesswoman<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Naoya Shiga, author
- Keiko Suzuka, actress
- Mayo Suzukaze, actress
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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