Keian

Template:Short description Template:For {{#invoke:Sidebar|collapsible | templatestyles = History of Japan/styles.css | class = history-of-japan | name = History of Japan | centered list titles = y | pretitle = Part of a series on the | title = History of Japan | image = {{#invoke:InfoboxImage|InfoboxImage |image=Shoso-in.jpg |class=notpageimage |size=200px }} | caption = Shōsōin | expanded =

| list1name = prehistoric | list1title = Template:Resize | list1 =

Template:Aligned table

| list2name = ancient | list2title = Template:Resize | list2 =

Template:Aligned table

| list3name = classical | list3title = Template:Resize | list3 =

Template:Aligned table

| list4name = feudal | list4title = Template:Resize | list4 =

Template:Aligned table

| list5name = early modern | list5title = Template:Resize | list5 =

Template:Aligned table

| list6name = modern | list6title = Template:Resize | list6 =

Template:Aligned table

| list7name = topics | list7title = Template:Resize | list7 = Template:Startflatlist

• Capital punishment
• Currency
• Earthquakes
• Economy
• Era names
• Education
• Empire
• Foreign relations
• Geography
• Historiography
• Religion
  • Buddhism
  • Christianity
  • Islam
  • Judaism
  • Shinto
• Military
• Naval
• Politics
• Post-war
• Science and technology
• Sports
• World Heritage Sites

| belowclass = hlist | below =

• Glossary
• History
• Timeline

}}

Template:Nihongo was a Template:Nihongo after Shōhō and before Jōō. This period spanned the years from February 1648 through September 1652.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Keian" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 503; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Template:Webarchive.</ref> The reigning emperor was Template:Nihongo.<ref name="t412">Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 412.</ref>

Change of era

• 1648 Template:Nihongo: The new era name was created in response to criticism that Shōhō was too closely related to Shōbō (焼亡, meaning "death by burning"). The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Shōhō 5, on the 5th day of the 2nd month.

The new era name was drawn from the Chinese classic, The I Ching: "At the end happiness, joy of quiet righteousness, answer the world unlimited" (乃終有慶、安貞之吉、応地無疆):

Events of the Keian era

• April 1, 1649 (Keian 2, 20th day of the 2nd month): There was a major earthquake in Edo.<ref name="t412"/>
• 1651 (Keian 4): Keian Uprising. Plans by well-organized rōnin to attack several Tokugawa strongholds simultaneously were timely discovered. The attempt plan to overthrow the Edo Bakufu by Marubashi Chūya and Yui Shōsetsu was thwarted.<ref>Screech, T. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shogans: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822, pp. 85–89.</ref>
• 1652 (Keian 5, 5th month): Nihon Ōdai Ichiran is first published in Kyoto under the patronage of the tairō Sakai Tadakatsu, daimyō of the Obama Domain of Wakasa Province.<ref>Titsingh, p. 412; n.b., the first copy of this rare book was brought from Japan to Europe by Isaac Titsingh in 1796. Titsingh translated the text from Japanese and Chinese; and his work was then supplemented for posthumous publication by Julius Klaproth. The initial Japanese authorship is confirmed; the precise nengō-dating is confirmed in the same passage -- see Titsingh, p. 406.</ref>

References

• Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Template:ISBN; OCLC 48943301
• Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. Template:ISBN; OCLC 65177072
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection