Kosmos 133
Template:Short description Template:Use British English Template:Use dmy dates Template:Infobox spaceflight
Kosmos 133 (Template:Langx, meaning "Kosmos 133"), Soyuz 7K-OK No.2, was the first uncrewed test flight of the Soyuz spacecraft, and first mission of the Soyuz programme, as part of the Soviet space programme.
LaunchEdit
Launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard the maiden flight of the Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-02 launch vehicle.<ref name="launchlog">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Kosmos 133 was planned "all up" test, to include an automated docking with a second Soyuz spacecraft (Soyuz 7K-OK No.1), which was scheduled for launch the day after Kosmos 133.
MissionEdit
Kosmos 133 was operated in a low Earth orbit, on 28 November 1966, it had a perigee of Template:Cvt, an apogee of Template:Cvt, an inclination of 51.9°, and an orbital period of 88.4 minutes.<ref name="Trajectory">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} Template:PD-notice</ref>
ReturnEdit
Problems found during ground testing of the second spacecraft resulted in its launch being delayed, and it was destroyed when its launch vehicle exploded on its launch pad following a scrubbed launch attempt in December 1966. Before this, the attitude control system (ACS) of Kosmos 133 malfunctioned, resulting in rapid consumption of orientation fuel, leaving it spinning at 2 rpm. After large efforts by ground control and 5 attempts at retrofire over two days, the craft was finally coming down for a landing. Due to the inaccuracy of the reentry burn, it was determined that the capsule would land in China. The self-destruct command was given and the satellite exploded 30 November 1966 at 10:21 GMT.<ref name="Display">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }} Template:PD-notice</ref>
The fireball passed over west Japan and was recorded by photos and a sketch. Kōichirō Tomita identified that it was the Kosmos 133 spacecraft (30 November 1966).<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>