Krems an der Donau

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}}Template:Main other Krems an der Donau ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}, Template:Lit.) is a city in Lower Austria, Austria. With a population of 24,821, it is the 20th-largest city of Austria and fifth-largest of Lower Austria. It is approximately Template:Convert west of Vienna. Krems is a city with its own statute (or Statutarstadt), and therefore it is both a municipality and a district.

Geography

Krems is located at the confluence of the Krems and Danube Rivers at the eastern end of Wachau valley, in the southern Waldviertel.

Krems borders the following municipalities: Stratzing, Langenlois, Rohrendorf bei Krems, Gedersdorf, Traismauer, Nußdorf ob der Traisen, Paudorf, Furth bei Göttweig, Mautern an der Donau, Dürnstein, and Senftenberg.

History

File:Topographia Austriacarum (Merian) 030.jpg

View of Krems in 1679

File:Krems an der Donau 1900.jpg

View of Krems in 1900

File:Krems and mautern from ferdinandswarte.jpg

View of Krems in 2006

File:Stein adD.JPG

Danube in Krems with the harbour in background

Krems was first mentioned in 995 in a certificate of Otto III,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> but settlement was apparent even before then. For example, a child's grave, over 27,000 years old, was found here. This is the oldest grave found in Austria.

During the 11th and 12th centuries, Chremis, as it was then called, was almost as large as Vienna.

At the end of the Thirty Years' War, Swedish troops captured Krems in 1645 during their invasion of Lower Austria. The city was recaptured by Imperial troops under Hans Christoph von Puchheim and Johann Wilhelm von Hunolstein on 5 May 1646.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Krems is the primary producer of Marillenschnaps, an apricot brandy. It is also the hometown of Martin Johann Schmidt, called "Kremserschmidt", the leading painter, draughtsman and etcher of the Austrian late Baroque.

City division

• Innenstadt (Inner City)
• Weinzierl
• Mitterau
• Stein
• Egelsee
• Rehberg
• Am Steindl
• Gneixendorf
• Lerchenfeld
• Krems-Süd (South Krems)

Population development

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1. Quelle der Daten: Homepage der Stadt Krems und Statistik Austria

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 bar:1869 from:start till:18023 text:"18.023"
 bar:1880 from:start till:18950 text:"18.950"
 bar:1890 from:start till:18497 text:"18.497"
 bar:1900 from:start till:21022 text:"21.022"
 bar:1910 from:start till:22388 text:"22.388"
 bar:1923 from:start till:22205 text:"22.205"
 bar:1934 from:start till:23140 text:"23.140"
 bar:1951 from:start till:22410 text:"22.410"
 bar:1961 from:start till:23097 text:"23.097"
 bar:1971 from:start till:23520 text:"23.520"
 bar:1981 from:start till:23076 text:"23.076"
 bar:1991 from:start till:22783 text:"22.783"
 bar:2001 from:start till:23713 text:"23.713"
 bar:2011 from:start till:24003 text:"24.014"

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The population (with principal residence status) in the agglomeration was about 50,000 at the end of 2010.

Main sights

File:Mohrenapotheke Krems.JPG

Old Town of Krems

File:Krems - Steinertor (1).JPG

The Steiner Tor in Krems

File:Piaristenkirche070812.jpg

Piarist Church

File:Dreifaltigkeitssäule Krems 2.JPG

Dreifaltigkeitssäule

File:Krems danube001 2004.jpg

View of Stein an der Donau, a quarter in the west end of the city

File:Stein a d Donau Panorama.jpg

View of Stein (from the left to the right: Frauenbergkirche, Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus, Minoritenkirche)

Old town

• Bürgerspitalkirche
• Dominikanerkirche
• Dreifaltigkeitssäule
• Göglhaus
• Gozzoburg
• Großes Sgraffitohaus
• Pfarrkirche St. Veit
• Piaristenkirche
• Pulverturm
• Rathaus
• Simandlbrunnen
• Steiner Tor: The gate, erected in 1480, is the second remaining medieval gate

Outside the Old Town

• Frauenbergkirche
• Göttweigerhofkapelle
• Großer Passauerhof
• Karikaturmuseum Krems
• Kloster Und
• Kremser Tor
• Kunsthalle Krems
• Forum Frohner
• Landesgalerie Niederösterreich<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

• Linzer Tor
• Mauthaus
• Minoritenkirche
• Pfarrkirche Hl. Nikolaus
• Salzstadl
• University Krems

Transport

File:Krems-Bf-05.jpg

Krems Central Station

File:S5 Landersdorf.JPG

Motorway to Vienna in the industrial area of Krems

The city's main railway station is a junction of the Franz-Josefs Railway to Vienna, the Kremser Railway to St. Pölten, the Donauufer Railway to Spitz and the regional railway to Horn. It is at the intersection of the Stockerauer Speedway S5 and the Kremser Speedway S33, and is traversed by the Danube Road B3, the Retzer Road B35, the Kremser Road B37 and the Langenloiser Road B218. Krems is a junction of the Wieselbus bus lines, which provides radial connections between Sankt Pölten and the different regions of Lower Austria.

Main Roads

• Stockerauer Schnellstraße (S5) from Krems to Vienna
• Kremser Schnellstraße (S33) from Krems to St. Pölten
• Donau Straße (B3) from Krems to Linz
• Aggsteiner Straße (B33) from Krems to Melk
  • Aggsteiner Straße (B33a) from Krems to Mautern an der Donau
• Retzer Straße (B35) from Krems to Retz
• Kremser Straße (B37) from Krems to Rastenfeld
  • Kremser Straße (B37a) from Krems to Traismauer
• Langenloiser Straße (B218) from Krems to Langenlois

Railroad

• Franz-Josefs-Bahn from Krems to Vienna
• Kremser Bahn from Krems to St. Pölten
• Donauuferbahn from Krems to Spitz
• Kamptalbahn from Krems to Sigmundsherberg

Air traffic

• Gneixendorf airfield is a small general aviation airport.

In the city

A network of four bus lines operates at regular intervals within the city. Every summer, a tourist train connects the ancient parts of the city with museums, the central railway station and the passenger ship terminal of Krems.

Politics

Municipal council

The municipal council consists of 40 members and since the municipal elections in 2017 it consists of the following parties:

• 19 Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ) – the mayor and the first vice mayor
• 8 Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) – the second vice mayor
• 5 Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ)
• 2 KLS
• 1 Austrian Green Party
• 1 PROKS

Municipal elections in Krems were held, at the same time as the Austrian legislative election, 2022 in 2022.

City's senate

The city's senate consists of 10 members:

• SPÖ: 5 members
• ÖVP: 3 members
• FPÖ: 2 members

Public facilities

Educational facilities

File:Ringstraßengymnasium Krems.JPG

Bundesrealgymnasium Krems Ringstraße

File:Campuskrems vonoben.jpg

University for Continuing Education Krems

• BHAK/BHAS Krems
• Bundesgymnasium Piaristen
• Bundesgymnasium Rechte Kremszeile
• Bundesreal- and Bundesoberstufenrealgymnasium (BORG) Krems Heinemannstraße
• Bundesrealgymnasium Krems Ringstraße
• Danube Private University
• University for Continuing Education Krems
• Adult education centre
• HLA/HLW Krems
• HLF Krems
• HTBL Krems
• IMC Fachhochschule Krems (University of Applied Sciences)
• Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversität für Gesundheitswissenschaften
• Oberstufenrealgymnasium Englische Fräulein
• School of education

Prison

• Justizanstalt Stein is a prison housing some of Austria's worst offenders.

Leisure and sports sites

Swimming is available at Kremser Strandbad (indoor swimming pool) and outdoor.

• Football – Kremser SC
• Ice hockey – KEV Eagles
• Miniature golf
• Rugby Club Krems
• Skatepark
• Team handball – Union Handballklub Krems
• Union Badminton Krems

File:Margarete von Babenberg.JPG

Margaret of Austria, ca.1490

File:Franz Cölestin Schneider Litho.jpg

Franz Schneider, 1854

File:WilhelmMiklas37840v.jpg

Wilhelm Miklas, 3rd President of Austria

Notable people

• Ava (ca.1060–1127), poet, the first named female writer in the German language; she lived in Krems
• Margaret of Austria (1204–1266), German queen, (1225-1235) & Queen of Bohemia, (1253-1260).
• Johann Georg Schmidt (1685–1748), called the "Wiener Schmidt", an Austrian Baroque painter, he died in Krems
• Martin Johann Schmidt (1718–1801), called the "Kremser Schmidt", painter of the Austrian Rococo, he died in Krems
• Michael Wutky (1739–1822), an Austrian landscape painter in the Rococo style
• Ludwig Guttenbrunn (1750–1819), an Austrian artist of portraits and history painting.
• Vinzenz Eduard Milde (1777–1853), Dean of Krems and Archbishop of Vienna, pastor of Krems and teacher at the former Piarist Gymnasium Krems, (DE Wiki).<ref>Template:CathEncy</ref>
• Ludwig Ritter von Köchel (1800–1877), an Austrian musicologist, writer, composer, botanist and publisher.
• Franz Schneider (1812–1897), physician and chemist
• Eduard Melly, (DE Wiki) (1814-1854), art historian, politician and numismatist
• Johann Nordmann (1820–1887), journalist, travel writer and poet
• Wilhelm Gause (1853–1916), painter, he died in Krems
• Josef Maria Eder (1855–1944), photochemist and pioneer of Picture & Photography
• Julius Ernest Wilhelm Fučík (1872–1916) composer and conductor; military musician in Krems, 1891-1894
• Wilhelm Miklas (1872–1956), politician (CS) and the third President of the 1st Republic, 1928-1938
• Josef Meller, (DE Wiki) (1874–1968), university professor of ophthalmology
• Josef Bayer, (DE Wiki) (1882–1931), director of Natural History Museum, Vienna, helped find Venus of Willendorf
• Fritz Dworschak (1890–1974), an Austrian numismatist, art historian and museum director
• Rudolf Redlinghofer (1900–1940), Conscientious objector, Nazi victim, beheaded in 1940, now rehabilitated
• Peter B. Neubauer (1913–2008), child psychiatrist and psychoanalyst
• Wolfgang Kummer, (DE Wiki) (1935–2007), physicist
• Dagmar Braun Celeste (born 1941), an American counselor, author and former first lady of Ohio
• Ulrike Lunacek (born 1957), journalist and politician (Green)
• Robert Streibel, (born 1959), historian, writer and poet.

Sport

• Gregor Hradetzky, (1909–1984), organ builder and canoeist, two gold medals at the 1936 Summer Olympics
• Marko Stankovic, (born 1986), football player, played 371 games
• Lukas Thürauer (born 1987), Austrian footballer who has played over 340 games

Twin towns

Krems is twinned with the following cities:

• Template:Flagicon Ribe, Denmark, since 1971
• Template:Flagicon Böblingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, since 1971
• Template:Flagicon Beaune, Côte-d'Or, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France, since 1973
• Template:Flagicon Passau, Bavaria, Germany, since 1974
• Template:Flagicon Kroměříž, Czech Republic, since 1994
• Template:Flagicon Grapevine, Texas, United States, since 1999

See also

• Donaufestival - annual festival of music and performance held in Krems

External links

• Pictures of Krems and information in English language
• Video of a street walk through the Old Town of Krems an der Donau
• Lower Austria official webpage