LINPACK

Template:Short description Template:For Template:Expand language {{#invoke:Infobox|infobox}}Template:Template other{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters | check | showblankpositional=1 | unknown = Template:Main other | preview = Page using Template:Infobox software with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y | AsOf | author | background | bodystyle | caption | collapsetext | collapsible | developer | discontinued | engine | engines | genre | included with | language | language count | language footnote | latest preview date | latest preview version | latest release date | latest release version | latest_preview_date | latest_preview_version | latest_release_date | latest_release_version | licence | license | logo | logo alt | logo caption | logo upright | logo size | logo title | logo_alt | logo_caption | logo_upright | logo_size | logo_title | middleware | module | name | operating system | operating_system | other_names | platform | programming language | programming_language | released | replaced_by | replaces | repo | screenshot | screenshot alt | screenshot upright | screenshot size | screenshot title | screenshot_alt | screenshot_upright | screenshot_size | screenshot_title | service_name | size | standard | title | ver layout | website | qid }}Template:Main other LINPACK is a software library for performing numerical linear algebra on digital computers.<ref> Template:Cite book </ref> It was written in Fortran by Jack Dongarra, Jim Bunch, Cleve Moler, and Gilbert Stewart, and was intended for use on supercomputers in the 1970s and early 1980s.<ref> Template:Cite news</ref><ref> Template:Cite news</ref> It has been largely superseded by LAPACK, which runs more efficiently on modern architectures.

LINPACK makes use of the BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) libraries for performing basic vector and matrix operations.

The LINPACK benchmarks appeared initially as part of the LINPACK user's manual. The parallel LINPACK benchmark implementation called HPL (High Performance Linpack) is used to benchmark and rank supercomputers for the TOP500 list.

World's most powerful computer by year

Year(s)	Benchmark	Computer	Design					Casing			System							Successor
			Manufacturer	Designer	Release date	Units sold	Price	Dimensions	Weight	Power	Front-end	Operating system	CPU	Memory	Storage	MIPS	FLOPS
1951-1954	Template:Sdash	MIT Whirlwind I	MIT	Template:Sdash	1954	1	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1955-1957	Template:Sdash	IBM NORC	IBM	Template:Sdash	1954	1	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1958-1959	Template:Sdash	AN/FSQ-7	IBM	Template:Sdash	1955	24	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	250 tons	up to 3 megawatts	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	49,000 vacuum tubes @ 75,000 instructions per second	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1960	Template:Sdash	IBM 7090	IBM	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1960–1961	Template:Sdash	UNIVAC LARC	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1961–1963	Template:Sdash	IBM 7030 Stretch	IBM	Gene Amdahl	May 1961	9	US$7,780,000 (equivalent to $70,550,000 in 2021)	Template:Sdash	70,000 pounds (35 short tons; 32 t)	100 kW @ 110 V	Template:Sdash	MCP	64-bit processor	2048 kilobytes (262,144 x 64 bits)	Template:Sdash	1.2 MIPS	Template:Sdash	CDC 7600
1964–1968	3 megaflops	CDC 6600	Control Data Corporation	Seymour Cray	September 1964	100+	US$2,370,000 (equivalent to $20,710,000 in 2021)	Height : 2,000 mm (79 in) Cabinet width: 810 mm (32 in) Cabinet length : 1,710 mm (67 in) Width overall : 4,190 mm (165 in)	about 12,000 lb (6.0 short tons; 5.4 t)	30 kW @ 208 V 400 Hz	Template:Sdash	SCOPE, KRONOS	60-bit processor @ 10 MHz	Up to 982 kilobytes (131000 x 60 bits)	Template:Sdash	2 MIPS	Template:Sdash	CDC 7600
1969–1975	10 megaflops	CDC 7600	Control Data Corporation	Seymour Cray	June 1967	75+	US$62 - $155 thousands (monthly rent in 1968)	Height : 188 cm (74 in) Width: 302 cm (119 in)	Template:Sdash	95 kW @ 208 V 400 Hz	Template:Sdash	Chippewa, SCOPE, KRONOS	60-bit processor @ 36 MHz	3.84 Megabytes (up to 512000 60-bit words)	Template:Sdash	15 MIPS	36 MFLOPS	CDC Cyber
1976-1982	136 megaflops	Cray-1	Cray Research	Seymour Cray	1975	100+	US$7.9 million in 1977 (equivalent to $35.3 million in 2021)	Height: 196 cm (77 in) Dia. (base): 263 cm (104 in) Dia. (columns): 145 cm (57 in)	5.5 tons (Cray-1A)	115 kW @ 208 V 400 Hz	Data General Eclipse	COS, UNICOS	64-bit processor @ 80 MHz	8.39 Megabytes (up to 1 048 576 words)	303 Megabytes (DD19 Unit)	Template:Sdash	160 MFLOPS	Cray X-MP
1983–1985	713 megaflops	Cray X-MP/4	Cray Research	Steve Chen	1982	Template:Sdash	US$15 million	2.62 m (8.6 ft) x 1.96 m (6.4 ft)	5.12 t (11,300 lb)	345 kW	Most minicomputers of the time	COS, UNICOS	4x Vector processor 64 bits @ 105 - 117 MHz	128 megabytes	38.4 gigabytes (32 disks)	400 MIPS (4 CPU)	800 MFLOPS (4 CPU)	Cray-2
1985–1987	1.95 gigaflops (peak)	Cray-2	Cray Research	Template:Sdash	1985	25	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Custom Vector Processors	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Cray Y-MP
1988–1989	2.144 gigaflops	Cray Y-MP/832	Cray Research	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1990–1991	4.0 gigaflops (measured)	Fujitsu VP2000	Fujitsu	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
1992	20.0 gigaflops	NEC SX-3/44	NEC	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash
June 1993	59.7 gigaflops	Thinking Machines CM-5/1024	Thinking Machines Corporation (TMC)	Danny Hillis	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash	Template:Sdash

References

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