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Manatee County, Florida

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Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox U.S. county Manatee County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 U.S. Census, the population was 399,710.<ref name="QF">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Manatee County is part of the North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its county seat and largest city is Bradenton.<ref name="GR6">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The county was created in 1855 and named for the Florida manatee,<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Florida's official marine mammal. Features of Manatee County include access to the southern part of the Tampa Bay estuary, the Sunshine Skyway Bridge, and the Manatee River.

HistoryEdit

Prehistoric historyEdit

The area now known as Manatee County had been inhabited by Native Americans for thousands of years. Shell middens and other archaeological digs have been conducted throughout the county including at Terra Ceia and at Perico Island. These digs revealed materials belonging to peoples from the Woodland period.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

European exploration and early settlementEdit

File:Manatee Map from 1856.jpg
Map of Manatee County in 1856, shortly after its creation

Some historians have suggested that the southern mouth of the Manatee River was the landing site of the De Soto Expedition.<ref>Bullen. p. 7</ref>

Due to conflict during the Patriot War and First Seminole War, many Native American and African American refugees fled to the Tampa Bay region of Florida and some settled in modern-day Manatee County.<ref>Oldham, Vickie, Looking for Angola</ref> The settlement they founded on the Manatee River was called Angola.<ref>Eger, Issac, Angola Highlights Florida’s History as a Haven for Escaped Enslaved People: The settlement has been called one of the most significant historical sites in Florida and perhaps the United States, Sarasota Magazine, October 19, 2023</ref> By 1819, the population of Angola may have reached as high as 600-700 people.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Time Sifters, Remembering The Manatee River Maroons Of 1821: Heritage, Archaeology, and Digital Reconstructions, Time Sifters Archaeology Society, Sarasota, Florida</ref>

The Manatee area was opened to settlement in 1842 with the passing of the federal Armed Occupation Act.<ref name=statutes>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Early settlements included the Manatee Colony led by Colonel Samuel Reid that numbered thirty-one individuals both black and white.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Other prominent early settlers were Joseph and Hector Braden who moved into an area near the Manatee River in 1842.<ref name="bradenton">Template:Cite news</ref> The two had lost their land for their plantations in Northern Florida during the Panic of 1837. They were said to have heard that there was abundant land in the area. The brothers moved into a log cabin five miles north of the mouth of the Manatee River. Four years later Hector drowned while trying to cross the Manatee River on his horse during a hurricane. Despite this tragic event, Joseph decided he would still build the Braden sugar mill Template:Efn at the mouth of the Manatee River and the Braden River. He later built a dock where Main Street was and fortified the area near his house by building a stockade. A few years later in 1851, he built the Braden Castle, which was made out of tabby and served as his residence. In spring of 1856, the fortified home was attacked by Seminole Indians during the Third Seminole War.Template:Sfn It later became a popular tourist attraction in the early 1900s with Tin Can Tourists. He would only stay there for the next six years before moving to Tallahassee.<ref name="bradenton"/>

County formation and developmentEdit

Manatee County was carved out from a vast Hillsborough County in January 1855 and led by Florida Senate President Hamlin V. Snell.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite book</ref> The new county covered 5,000 square miles and included all of what are now Charlotte County, DeSoto County, Glades County, Hardee County, Highlands County, Sarasota County, and part of Lee County.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The original county seat was Manatee, a village on the southern shore of the Manatee River in what now is eastern Bradenton. In 1866, the county seat was moved from the village of Manatee to Pine Level, as a result of a referendum mandated by the Florida Legislature.<ref name=":1" /> In 1887, the county seat was moved again due to the creation of DeSoto County within the existing boundaries.<ref name=":2" /> Braiden Town (Bradenton) was selected as the new county seat by referendum of the county residents who mostly resided near the Manatee River.<ref name=":1" /> In 1921, Sarasota County was created by the Florida Legislature and further reducing Manatee County to its current boundaries.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite book</ref>

American Civil WarEdit

Following the Seminole Wars, Manatee County continued to grow both in population and in economic output. Hogs and some sheep were raised, but the land was primarily used for cattle raising.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Processed sugar and molasses was produced and exported. This agricultural economy, like much of the south, was increasingly becoming reliant on slave labor.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> A federal census in 1860 showed that the county had a population of 601 white people and 214 enslaved black people.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After the outbreak of the American Civil War, Manatee County provided supplies to the Confederate army. Aside from the Union blockade, the Federal army dispatched raiding parties throughout Florida to further limit the Confederate supply chain. For example, in August 1864, the Union schooner USS Stonewall came up the Manatee river on a raid. According to the Florida State Archives, Dr. Braden's sugar works was destroyed during the raid.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, another source states that Braden's property was left untouched.Template:Sfn

According to a partial list of soldiers of the Confederate States of America, the county also sent at least 100 of its citizens to fight.Template:Sfn Some of the men from Manatee would be recruited to the 7th Florida Infantry Regiment, which fought as part of the Army of Tennessee.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Within Manatee County is the Gamble Plantation, a sugar plantation and home of Major Robert Gamble.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> According to some, following the Civil War, the Confederate Secretary of State, Judah P. Benjamin, took refuge at the mansion before escaping to England.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

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GeographyEdit

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert (17%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Adjacent countiesEdit

State & Nationally protected areasEdit

File:Great Egret - Myakka River State Park.jpg
A great egret in Myakka River State Park

RiversEdit

LakesEdit

DemographicsEdit

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Manatee County racial composition as of 2020
(NH = Non-Hispanic)Template:Efn
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% 2010 % 2020
White (NH) 236,950 273,101 73.4% 68.32%
Black or African American (NH) 27,228 31,147 8.43% 7.79%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH) 608 779 0.19% 0.19%
Asian (NH) 5,203 8,433 1.61% 2.11%
Pacific Islander (NH) 168 246 0.05% 0.06%
Some Other Race (NH) 521 1,583 0.16% 0.4%
Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) 4,200 13,442 1.3% 3.36%
Hispanic or Latino 47,955 70,979 14.85% 17.76%
Total 322,833 399,710

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 399,710 people, 150,345 households, and 99,157 families residing in the county. By age, the population was spread out as such: 4.6% under 5 years old, 18.0% under 18 years old, and 28.1% 65 years and over. 51.7% of the population was female.

The median income for a household in the county was $59,963 in 2020 dollars and a per capita income in the past 12 months of $35,146. There was a reported 10.9% of the population living in poverty.

EconomyEdit

Bealls of Florida has its headquarters and was founded 1915 in unincorporated Manatee County.<ref>"Contact Us Template:Webarchive." Bealls (Florida). Retrieved on December 14, 2009.</ref><ref>"Samoset CDP, FloridaTemplate:Dead link." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on December 14, 2009.</ref>

Tropicana was founded in Manatee County in the 1950s.<ref>Hawkins, R. Rossi, Anthony Talamo (1900-1993), businessman. American National Biography. Retrieved March 28, 2022, from https://www-anb-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-1002203.</ref> Tropicana was bought by PepsiCo in 2001. PepsiCo sold Tropicana to a French private equity firm in 2021.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

LibrariesEdit

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The Manatee County Public Library System offers a collection of adult, young adult, and children's materials, as well as a genealogy section and a local history collection in the form of the Eaton Florida History Reading Room.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Public computers are available at all library locations. The library also has a digital collection that includes e-books through OverDrive, Inc. and Libby; television shows, movies and more e-books through Hoopla; and magazines through Flipster;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and local images and documents from the late nineteenth century to the early 1980s.[1]

The libraries also offer author luncheons, children's story times, summer reading programs, job fairs, and book discussion groups.

The library system serves the county in seven locations:

In September 2021, a seventh branch was approved by county commissioners, to be built in Lakewood Ranch.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The library's grand opening was on January 12, 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Library cards are free to those who reside, own property, attend school, or work in Manatee County. Non-residents may obtain a temporary card upon payment of a $25.00 annual fee.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>http://www.mymanatee.org/home/government/departments/neighborhood-services/library/locations-hours.html%7C Template:Webarchive "Locations and Hours: Manatee County Public Library System" Retrieved April 19, 2013</ref>

Manatee County participates in the Little Free Library program. There are several Little Free Libraries at parks and other public places around the county.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

History of librariesEdit

File:Bradentown Library.jpg
Original Bradenton Library
File:Palmetto Carnegie Library.jpg
Palmetto's Carnegie Library, built in 1914
File:Bradenton Carnegie Library.jpg
Bradenton's Carnegie Library, built in 1918

Manatee County's first public library was a privately owned rental library created by Julia Fuller at the Mrs. Bass Dry Goods store in 1898. The county's first independent library opened in Bradenton in 1907, followed a Carnegie Library in Palmetto in 1914 and another in Bradenton in 1918. For much of the twentieth century, both cities' libraries were free to city residents while county residents had to pay a non-resident fee. In 1964, the Bradenton and Palmetto library associations merged with the Manatee County government to create the Manatee County Public Library System. This was followed by the establishment of a bookmobile for rural areas in 1964 and a Talking Books program for the blind in 1966.<ref>Jasper, C. & McCook, K. (1998). The Florida Library History Project. University of South Florida, Tampa. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED422005.pdf on February 19, 2022. pp. 180-181.</ref>

As demands on the bookmobile grew and the library collection outstripped the existing buildings in Bradenton and Palmetto, the first branch of the Manatee County Public Library system was built in Bayshore in 1967, followed by a new branch on East Ninth Street in 1969 and an Island branch in 1971, the last of which was moved into a new building in 1983. A new building for the Palmetto Library was built in 1969, followed by the modern Central Public Library in downtown Bradenton in 1978.<ref>Jasper & McCook. p. 182</ref>

The 1990s saw a period of rapid growth in Manatee County and the library system grew accordingly, with the Braden River, Rocky Bluff, and South Manatee branches opening in 1991, 1994, and 1998, respectively. The Braden River branch moved to a new building in 1997. The Rocky Bluff location would be moved to a larger location, featuring a built in café, in 2011. The new location is still physically within Ellenton. The additions as well as investment into various technologies such as modern computers, a 3-D Printing Lab, as well as new loanable items, brings Manatee County Libraries to its modern services.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Reciprocal borrowing began in 2000 between Manatee and Sarasota County Libraries, which would be followed by statewide reciprocal borrowing programs. Starting in 2017, the Manatee County library system began offering items including musical instruments, tools, telescopes, binoculars, cake pans, hotspots, and museum passes. During the COVID-19 Pandemic, the library system began offering WiFi hotspots to patrons in order to provide internet service remotely to work safely and at home. This began in Spring of 2020.Template:Citation needed

On December 15, 2021, the county broke ground for a new East County library, which was to serve the community of Lakewood Ranch. The new library was scheduled to open mid-2023.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> The new library, dubbed the Lakewood Ranch Library, had its grand opening on January 12, 2024.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

EducationEdit

Primary and secondary educationEdit

Higher educationEdit

CommunitiesEdit

File:Cities of Manatee County.svg
Map of Manatee County indicating incorporated municipalities: Template:Ordered list

CitiesEdit

TownEdit

Census-designated placesEdit

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Unincorporated placesEdit

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TransportationEdit

Manatee County has a county transportation service, MCAT. It serves this county, Pinellas County, and Sarasota County.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

AirportsEdit

Major RoadsEdit

InterstatesEdit

U.S. HighwaysEdit

State and County RoadsEdit

WaterwaysEdit

PortsEdit

GovernmentEdit

Political historyEdit

Manatee County is part of the strongly Republican Sun Belt. The area became a Republican stronghold following World War II and has remained so since: the last Democrat to win Manatee County was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944.<ref name="americamag">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

During the peak of the Socialist Party's prominence in the early 20th century, Manatee County would elect the only socialist to the state legislature, Andrew Jackson Pettigrew to the Florida House of Representatives in 1906 for one term defeating John A. Graham (who was a Democrat) in the general election.<ref name=":0">Griffin, R. Steven; WORKERS OF THE SUNSHINE STATE UNITE!: THE FLORIDA SOCIALIST PARTY DURING THE PROGRESSIVE ERA, 1900-1920</ref> As a state legislator he would make several proposals that were inline with what the Party reflected at the national level such as making US Senators popularly elected and creating a national income tax. Overall as a state legislator he would make little progress in getting legislation proposed by him passed.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Prior to the 1906 race he would run in 1904 for the same position unsuccessfully losing to A.T. Cornwell (also a Democrat) who had served as Bradenton's first mayor and in a variety of positions at the county level. Pettigrew would later go on to run for governor in 1908 and Secretary of Agriculture in 1912 being unsuccessful in both races.<ref name=":0" />

In 1970, Governor Claude R. Kirk Jr. fired Manatee County's superintendent along with the entire school board and appointed himself in their place in an attempt to end desegregation busing.<ref>Template:Citation</ref> This situation would last from April 6 to 13 before Kirk left his position as the superintendent.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Law enforcement and justiceEdit

Sheriff's OfficeEdit

Unincorporated Manatee County is served by the Manatee County Sheriff's Office.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

JusticeEdit

Circuit CourtEdit

Manatee County is a part of the Twelfth Circuit Court of Florida.

Court of AppealsEdit

Manatee County is part of the Second District of Appeals.

Recent presidential election resultsEdit

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Government officialsEdit

United States SenateEdit

Office Senator Party
Class 3 Senator Marco Rubio Republican
Class 1 Senator Rick Scott Republican

United States House of RepresentativesEdit

District Representative Party
Florida's 16th Congressional District Vern Buchanan Republican

Florida State SenateEdit

District Senator Party
21 Jim Boyd Republican

Florida House of RepresentativesEdit

District Representative Party
70 Michael Owen Republican
71 Will Robinson Republican
72 Bill Conerly Republican

Manatee County Board of County CommissionersEdit

The Board of Commissioners includes the following:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Position Incumbent
District 1 Carol Ann Felts
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 2 Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|Amanda Ballard
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 3 Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|Tal Siddique
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 4 Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|Mike Rahn
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 5 Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|Bob McCann
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 6Template:Refn Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|Jason Bearden
Template:Party shading/Republican |District 7Template:Refn Template:Party shading/Republican align="center"|George Kruse (Chair)

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Public educationEdit

Manatee County School Board<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

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Position Incumbent Term ends
Template:Party shading/None |District 1 Template:Party shading/None align="center"|Heather Felton Template:Party shading/None align="center"|November 2028
Template:Party shading/None |District 2 Template:Party shading/None align="center"|Cindy Spray Template:Party shading/None align="center"|November 2026
Template:Party shading/None |District 3 Template:Party shading/None align="center"|Charlie Kennedy Template:Party shading/None align="center"|November 2028
Template:Party shading/None |District 4 Template:Party shading/None align="center"|Chad Choate III Template:Party shading/None align="center"|November 2026
Template:Party shading/None |District 5 Template:Party shading/None align="center"|Richard Tatem Template:Party shading/None align="center"|November 2026

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Other officesEdit

Constitutional officers
Office Name Party First elected
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |  Clerk of the Circuit Court Angelina M. Colonneso Republican 2015†
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |  Property Appraiser Charles E. Hackney Republican 1992
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |  Sheriff Rick Wells Republican 2016†
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |  citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Mike Bennett Republican 2013
style="background-color:Template:Party color" |  citation CitationClass=web

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Ken Burton, Jr Republican 1992

Voter registrationEdit

Information as of May 21, 2025.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Voter registration and party enrollment
Party Number of voters Percentage
Template:Party color cell Republican 132,912 Template:Percentage
Template:Party color cell Democratic 65,251 Template:Percentage
Template:Party color cell Others 70,155 Template:Percentage
Total 268,318 100%

See alsoEdit

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NotesEdit

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ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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