Marion, Kansas
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Marion is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Kansas, United States.<ref name="GNIS" /> As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 1,922.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The city was named in honor of Francis Marion, a brigadier general of the American Revolutionary War, known as the "Swamp Fox".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
HistoryEdit
Early historyEdit
Template:See also For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.
19th centuryEdit
In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.
In 1806, Zebulon Pike led the Pike Expedition westward from St Louis, Missouri, of which part of their journey followed the Cottonwood River through Marion County near the current cities of Florence, Marion, Durham.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1855, Marion County was established within Kansas, which included the land for modern day Marion.<ref name="Marion-Co-History">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The city of Marion Centre was founded in 1860 and became the county seat, named in honor of Francis Marion.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> A post office was established on September 30, 1862, which shortened the name to Marion on October 15, 1881. The city officially adopted the shorter name on January 17, 1882.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1875, Marion incorporated as a city as a 3rd class city, later in 1888 it became a 2nd class city.<ref name="MarionCountyBook" />
As early as 1875, city leaders of Marion held a meeting to consider a branch railroad from Florence. In 1878, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway and parties from Marion County and McPherson County chartered the Marion and McPherson Railway Company.<ref name="MarionCountyBook">Marion County Kansas : Past and Present; Sondra Van Meter; MB Publishing House; LCCN 72-92041; 344 pages; 1972.</ref> In 1879, a branch line was built from Florence to McPherson, in 1880 it was extended to Lyons, in 1881 it was extended to Ellinwood.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> The line was leased and operated by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The line from Florence to Marion, was abandoned in 1968.<ref name="Abandon Railway 1968">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 1992, the line from Marion to McPherson was sold to Central Kansas Railway. In 1993, after heavy flood damage, the line from Marion to McPherson was abandoned. The original branch line connected Florence, Marion, Canada, Hillsboro, Lehigh, Canton, Galva, McPherson, Conway, Windom, Little River, Mitchell, Lyons, Chase, Ellinwood. Later, the Santa Fe depot building was converted into the Marion Library. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Santa Fe".
In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a branch line north-south from Herington through Marion to Caldwell.<ref name="Rock Island Rail History">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It foreclosed in 1891 and was taken over by Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railway, which shut down in 1980 and reorganized as Oklahoma, Kansas and Texas Railroad, merged in 1988 with Missouri Pacific Railroad, and finally merged in 1997 with Union Pacific Railroad. Most locals still refer to this railroad as the "Rock Island".
In 1889, the Marion Belt and Chingawasa Springs Railroad built a Template:Convert railroad from Marion north-east to Chingawasa Springs. A hotel was built near the site of the spa at Chingawasa Springs, and a depot and eatery as well. Both Santa Fe and Rock Island offered round trip fares from Chicago and western cities to Chingawasa Springs. An economic panic in 1893 closed down the health spa and hotel, and quarry business along the tracks never developed sufficiently. In 1893, the railroad ceased operations, and tracks were removed in 1910.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
20th centuryEdit
The National Old Trails Road, also known as the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway, was established in 1912, and was routed through Lehigh, Hillsboro, Marion and Lost Springs.
In 1937, the Marion County Lake was completed by the Civilian Conservation Corps south-east of Marion for the purpose of recreation. There were numerous floods during the early history of Marion. In June and July 1951, due to heavy rains, rivers and streams flooded numerous cities in Kansas, including Marion. Many reservoirs and levees were built in Kansas as part of a response to the Great Flood of 1951. From 1964 to 1968, the Marion Reservoir was constructed north-west of Marion. Downstream from the Marion Reservoir, levees were built in the low areas of Marion and Florence.
21st centuryEdit
2023 newspaper raidEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}}
In August 2023, Marion County police raided the newspaper Marion County Record, its owners, and a local city council member. The police had received information that the paper had obtained, allegedly from a confidential source (it was later shown that legal public sources were used) that a local business owner had an unresolved drunk driving conviction and continued to drive for many months without a driving license. The newspaper did not publish this legally obtained information.<ref name="Reflector-20230811">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=":0">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
GeographyEdit
Marion is located in the scenic Flint Hills and Great Plains of the state of Kansas. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert is land and Template:Convert is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
ClimateEdit
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Marion has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
DemographicsEdit
2020 censusEdit
The 2020 United States census counted 1,922 people, 860 households, and 502 families in Marion.<ref name=:2020/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The population density was 696.9 per square mile (269.1/km2). There were 971 housing units at an average density of 352.1 per square mile (135.9/km2).<ref name=:2020>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The racial makeup was 94.17% (1,810) white or European American (93.08% non-Hispanic white), 0.1% (2) black or African-American, 0.47% (9) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.05% (1) Asian, 0.0% (0) Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian, 0.26% (5) from other races, and 4.94% (95) from two or more races.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Hispanic or Latino of any race was 3.33% (64) of the population.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Of the 860 households, 23.8% had children under the age of 18; 46.4% were married couples living together; 29.8% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 37.7% of households consisted of individuals and 21.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:2020/> The average household size was 2.2 and the average family size was 2.9.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 18.4% of the population.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
20.3% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 20.9% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 24.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.0 males.<ref name=:2020/> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 117.8 males.<ref name=:2020/>
The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $46,548 (with a margin of error of +/- $5,836) and the median family income was $59,028 (+/- $9,025).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Males had a median income of $40,000 (+/- $11,143) versus $28,750 (+/- $8,663) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $32,826 (+/- $3,144).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Approximately, 5.2% of families and 5.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.9% of those under the age of 18 and 4.2% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
2010 censusEdit
At the 2010 census,<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> there were 1,927 people, 846 households, and 514 families residing in the city. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 973 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the city was 97.6% White, 0.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.5% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4% of the population.
There were 846 households, of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.2% were non-families. 36.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.90.
The median age was 44 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.5% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 23% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.
Arts and cultureEdit
Area eventsEdit
- Chingawassa Days Festival<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Old Settler's Day<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Art in the Park and Craft Show<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Area attractionsEdit
Marion has five listings on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
- Elgin Hotel<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (NRHP), 115 North 3rd Street. Currently a Bed and Breakfast.
- First Presbyterian Church<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> (NRHP), 610 East Lawrence Street.
- Hill Grade School<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> (NRHP), 601 East Main Street.
- Marion County Courthouse<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (NRHP), 200 South 3rd Street.
- Marion County Museum,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> 623 East Main Street. Formerly the First Baptist Church from 1882 to mid-1950s. Nearby recreational areas:
- Marion County Lake, southeast of Marion, Template:Convert east of Marion on 190th Street (Main) then Template:Convert south on Upland Road.
- Marion Reservoir, northwest of Marion, exists along US-56 (closest to farthest): Marion cove and Cottonwood Point cove (Pawnee Road), Overlook and Dam (Old Mill Road), Hillsboro cove (Nighthawk Road), French Creek cove (Limestone Road).
GovernmentEdit
CityEdit
The Marion government consists of a mayor and four council members. The city council meets every other Monday at 4:30pm.<ref name="Marion-CityCouncil">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- City Hall – 208 E. Santa Fe St.<ref name="Marion-CityCouncil" />
- Police Department – 112 N. 5th St.<ref name="Marion-PoliceDept">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> As of August 2023, the police department had five full time members.<ref name="Marion-PoliceDept" /><ref name="Reflector-20230811" />
- Fire Department – 114 N. 5th St.<ref name="Marion-FireDept">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref>
CountyEdit
- Marion County Courthouse – 203 S. 4th St.
U.S.Edit
- U.S. Post Office – 423 E. Main St.
- U.S. Consolidated Farm Service Agency – 301 N. Eisenhower Dr.
EducationEdit
Public schoolsEdit
The community is served by Marion–Florence USD 408 public school district. The high school is a member of T.E.E.N., a shared video teaching network between five area high schools.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Marion High School (Kansas), 701 E Main St.
- Marion Middle School, 125 S Lincoln St.
- Marion Elementary School, 1400 E Lawrence St.
LibraryEdit
Each USD 408 school has a library for student access. The city is served by the Marion City Library at 101 Library Street. The library is a member of the North Central Kansas Libraries System, which provides an inter-library book loan service between its members.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
MediaEdit
PrintEdit
- Marion County Record, official newspaper for City of Marion and Marion County.
- Hillsboro Free Press, free newspaper for greater Marion County area.
RadioEdit
Marion is served by numerous radio stations from the Wichita-Hutchinson listening market area,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and satellite radio. (See Media in Wichita, Kansas.)
TelevisionEdit
Marion is served by over-the-air ATSC digital TV of the Wichita-Hutchinson viewing market area,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> cable TV, and satellite TV. (See Media in Wichita, Kansas.)
InfrastructureEdit
TransportationEdit
U.S. Route 56 runs along the city's northern side, and U.S. Route 77 is Template:Convert east of the city. Kansas Highway 256 runs through the center of town as Main Street, past the east end business section, Marion High School and the downtown business district. A regional Kansas Department of Transportation office is located on the northern side of Marion at the corner of U.S. Route 56 and Cedar Street.
The Oklahoma Kansas Texas (OKT)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> line of the Union Pacific Railroad runs north-south through the city.
Marion Municipal Airport, FAA:43K,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> is located south-east of Marion and centered at Template:Coord.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Notable peopleEdit
- Randolph Carpenter (1894–1956), U.S. Representative from Kansas and a U.S. Army World War I veteran.
- Charlie Faust (1880–1915), Major League baseball player
- Beverly Hoch (born 1951), soprano<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
- Edward Hoch (1849–1925), Kansas House of Representatives,<ref name=khor>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web }}</ref> 17th Governor of Kansas, editor of Marion County Record, Hoch Auditoria at University of Kansas was named after him.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
- Homer Hoch (1879–1949), U.S. Congressman, member of Kansas Supreme Court, lawyer, editor of Marion County Record
- Tex Jones (1885–1938), Major League baseball player
- Eric Meyer (born 1953), journalism professor at University of Illinois, Pulitzer Prize nominee, president and majority owner of Hoch Publishing Co (in Marion)
- Fay Moulton (1876–1945), Olympic sprinter, football player and coach, lawyer; served as fifth head football coach at Kansas State Agricultural College (Kansas State University)
- Samuel Peters (1842–1910), Captain in Union Army (1861–1865), lawyer, Kansas State Senator (1874–1875), Judge of 9th District (1875–1883), U.S. House of Representatives (1883–1891), newspaper editor
- William Runyan (1870–1957), preacher, composer of "Great Is Thy Faithfulness"
- Carla Stovall (born 1957), Kansas Attorney General
See alsoEdit
- Cottonwood River and Great Flood of 1951
- Historical Maps of Marion County, Kansas
- National Old Trails Road
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Marion County, Kansas
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
Template:Kansas books Template:See also2
- Marion, The Media, and The Morons - Project 2025 Assault on Democracy; Thane M. Schwartz; Apostle Publishers; 201 pages; 2025; ISBN 979-8992468502.
- Downtown Marion - 2019 Historic Resources Survey; 20 pages; 2019.
- Marion County Dreamed of Prosperity in Chingawassa Springs, Quarry Siding, and Rainbow Lake; Marion Record Review; September 14, 1944.
- The Boom Days of the 1880's in the News Stories of Those Days; Marion Record; September 11, 1941; Souvenir Edition.
- Memories of Old Chingawassa Railroad and Resort; Marion Record; September 10-11, 1941; Souvenir Edition.
- First Mayor of Marion Centre; Jack Costello; Marion Record; September 10-11, 1941; Souvenir Edition.
- History of College Hill School; Mrs Frank Rhodes; Marion Record; September 16, 1937.
- Marion, Kansas; Printing Bureau, 1926.
External linksEdit
- Template:Official website
- Marion - Directory of Public Officials, League of Kansas Municipalities
- Historic Images of Marion, Special Photo Collections at Wichita State University Library
Template:Marion County, Kansas Template:US state navigation box Template:Authority control