Mauve
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Mauve (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell) is a pale purple color<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, College Edition (1964): "any of several shades of delicate purple."</ref> named after the mallow flower (French: {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}). The first use of the word mauve as a color was in 1796–1798 according to the Oxford English Dictionary, but its use seems to have been rare before 1859. Another name for the color is mallow,<ref>Maerz and Paul. A Dictionary of Color. New York: 1930, McGraw-Hill. p. 198</ref> with the first recorded use of mallow as a color name in English in 1611.<ref>Maerz and Paul. A Dictionary of Color. New York: 1930, McGraw-Hill. p. 198; Color Sample of Mallow: p. 125, Plate 51, Color Sample I3</ref>
Mauve contains more gray and more blue than a pale tint of magenta. Many pale wildflowers called "blue" are more accurately classified as mauve. Mauve is also sometimes described as pale violet.
Mauveine, the first commercial aniline dyeEdit
{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The synthetic dye mauve was first so named in 1859. Chemist William Henry Perkin, then 18, was attempting to synthesize quinine in 1856; quinine was used to treat malaria.<ref>Jubilee of the discovery of mauve and of the foundation of the coal-tar colour industry by Sir W. H. Perkin (1906) - digital facsimile from the Linda Hall Library</ref> He noticed an unexpected residue, which turned out to be the first aniline dye. Perkin originally named the dye Tyrian purple after the historical dye, but the product was renamed mauve after it was marketed in 1859.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name="StClair">Template:Cite book</ref> It is now usually called Perkin's mauve, mauveine, or aniline purple.
Earlier references to a mauve dye in 1856–1858 referred to a color produced using the semi-synthetic dye murexide or a mixture of natural dyes.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Perkin was so successful in marketing his discovery to the dye industry that his 2000 biography by Simon Garfield is simply entitled Mauve.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> Between 1859 and 1861, mauve became a fashion must-have. The weekly journal All the Year Round described women wearing the colour as "all flying countryward, like so many migrating birds of purple paradise".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Punch magazine published cartoons poking fun at the huge popularity of the colour: "The Mauve Measles are spreading to so serious an extent that it is high time to consider by what means [they] may be checked."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
But, because it faded easily, the success of mauve dye was short-lived; by 1873, it was replaced by other synthetic dyes.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> As the memory of the original dye soon receded, the contemporary understanding of mauve is as a lighter, less-saturated color than it was originally known.<ref>History of Dyes from 2600 BC to 20th Century - natural dyes, synthetic, by Susan C. Druding, 1982</ref>
The 1890s are sometimes referred to in retrospect as the "Mauve Decade" because of the popularity of the subtle color among progressive artistic types, both in Europe and the US.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>
VariationsEdit
Rich mauveEdit
The color displayed at right is the rich tone of mauve called mauve by Crayola.
French mauve (deep mauve)Edit
The color displayed at right is the deep tone of mauve that is called mauve by Pourpre.com,<ref>Template:Webarchive</ref> a color list widely popular in France.
Opera mauveEdit
Template:Infobox color The color displayed at right is opera mauve.
The first recorded use of opera mauve as a color name in English was in 1927.<ref>Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample page 107 Plate 42 Color Sample H5--Opera Mauve</ref>
Mauve taupeEdit
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The color displayed at right is mauve taupe.
The first recorded use of mauve taupe as a color name in English was in 1925.<ref>Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 203; Color Sample of Mauve Taupe Page 37 Plate 7 Color Sample C8--Mauve Taupe</ref>
Old mauveEdit
The color displayed at right is old mauve.
The first recorded use of old mauve as a color name in English was in 1925.<ref>Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample of Old Mauve: Page 109 Plate 46 Color Sample I5</ref>
The normalized color coordinates for old mauve are identical to wine dregs, which was first recorded as a color name in English in 1924.<ref>Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 207; Color Sample of Wine Dregs Page 37 Plate 7 Color Sample L7</ref>
See alsoEdit
- Shades of purple
- Malvaria (Pyroluria), from the term mauve factor in Orthomolecular psychiatry
ReferencesEdit
External linksEdit
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