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Mayo Clinic

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Mayo Clinic (Template:IPAc-en) is a private American academic medical center focused on integrated healthcare, education, and research.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It maintains three major campuses in Rochester, Minnesota; Jacksonville, Florida; and Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona.

Mayo Clinic employs over 7,300 physicians and scientists, along with another 66,000 administrative and allied health staff.<ref name="Highlights" /><ref>Mayo Clinic Website. [1]. Accessed March 11, 2013.</ref><ref name="mayoinfo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The practice specializes in treating difficult cases through tertiary care and destination medicine. It is home to the top-15 ranked Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine in addition to many of the highest regarded residency education programs in the United States.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> It spends over $660 million a year on research and has more than 3,000 full-time research personnel.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

William Worrall Mayo settled his family in Rochester in 1864 and opened a sole proprietorship medical practice that evolved under his sons, Will and Charlie Mayo, along with practice partners Stinchfield, Graham, Plummer, Millet, Judd, and Balfour, into Mayo Clinic. Today, in addition to the hospital at Rochester, Mayo Clinic has major campuses in Arizona<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Florida.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Most recently, in 2020, the Mayo Clinic bought a facility in central London, UK.<ref name="beckershospitalreview.com">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="mayoclinic.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Mayo Clinic Health System also operates affiliated facilities throughout Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Iowa.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Mayo Clinic has been ranked number one in the United States for seven consecutive years in U.S. News & World ReportTemplate:'s Best Hospitals Honor Roll,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> maintaining a position at or near the top for more than 35 years.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> It has been on the list of "100 Best Companies to Work For" published by Fortune magazine for fourteen consecutive years and has continued to achieve this ranking through 2017.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Drawing in patients from around the globe, Mayo Clinic performs near the highest number of transplants in the country, including both solid organ and hematologic transplantation.

OperationsEdit

Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit hospital system with campuses in Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona; and Jacksonville, Florida.<ref name=Stubbe14>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Expand>Template:Cite news</ref> Mayo Clinic employs 76,000 people, including more than 7,300 physicians and clinical residents and over 66,000 allied health staff, as of 2022.<ref name="Highlights">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In addition, Mayo Clinic partially owns and operates the Mayo Clinic Health System, which consists of more than 70 hospitals and clinics across Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin.<ref name="Advisory14">Template:Cite news</ref> Mayo Clinic also operates the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, a nonprofit college dedicated to training medical and allied health professionals at Mayo Hospitals in Minnesota, Arizona, and Florida.<ref name="USNWR-2018">Template:Cite news</ref>

The clinic created an independent business subsidiary in London in partnership with Oxford University Clinic, a collaboration between the University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust to operate a clinic starting in 2019.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Mayo Clinic is led by president and CEO Gianrico Farrugia, M.D.<ref name="Karnowski-081018">Template:Cite news</ref> John H. Noseworthy, M.D., retired as president and CEO in December 2018; his predecessor, Denis A. Cortese, M.D., retired in November 2009.<ref name="Newmarker">Template:Cite news</ref> Michael Powell, former chair of the Federal Communications Commission, is chair of Mayo's governing board of trustees.<ref name="Chair">Template:Cite news</ref>

Clinical practiceEdit

In 2022, more than 1.3 million different patients from all 50 states and 138 countries were seen at Mayo Clinic facilities.<ref name="Highlights"/>

ResearchEdit

Mayo Clinic researchers contribute to understanding disease processes, best clinical practices, and translating findings from the laboratory to clinical practice. Template:Asof research personnel included about 5,500 physicians and scientists.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Mayo Clinic's 2022 research funding exceeded $1 billion.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> These research initiatives led to 9,275 research publications and review articles in peer-reviewed journals.<ref name="mayoinfo"/>

EducationEdit

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The Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (MCCMS), established in 1915,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> offers educational programs embedded in Mayo Clinic's clinical practice and biomedical research activities.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> MCCMS consists of five accredited schools:

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HistoryEdit

File:William Worrall Mayo.jpg
William Worrall Mayo, founder of Mayo Clinic

Early yearsEdit

File:1910StMarysHospitalRochesterMNcopyrightCarlAHolland.jpg
St. Mary's Hospital in 1910

Mayo Clinic originated with the medical practice of William Worrall Mayo, M.D. (1819–1911).<ref name="Clapesattle">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp Born near Manchester, England, he was mentored by the eminent British scientist John Dalton<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp and immigrated to the United States in 1846.<ref name="Burns">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp He worked his way west, earning two medical degrees at a time when formal education for physicians was limited.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp Mayo settled in Indiana, and he married Louise Abigail Wright in 1851.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp They moved to Minnesota Territory in 1854, seeking a more healthful climate.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp The family relocated within Minnesota several times until Mayo's appointment as an examining surgeon for the Union Army military draft board during the American Civil War brought them to Rochester.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp On January 27, 1864, Mayo advertised in the Rochester City Post the opening of a private medical practice "over the Union Drug Store on Third Street" with "all calls answered by day or night".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Both of W. W. Mayo's sons, William James Mayo (1861–1939) and Charles Horace Mayo (1865–1939), who became known as Dr. Will and Dr. Charlie, grew up in Rochester and attended medical school. William graduated in 1883 and joined his father's practice, with Charles joining in 1888.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On August 21, 1883, a tornado struck Rochester, causing at least 37 deaths and over 200 injuries.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> One-third of the town was destroyed, but the Mayo family escaped serious harm. Relief efforts began immediately in a variety of makeshift facilities. Mayo was placed in charge of organizing medical care for the wounded survivors. Needing nurses, he reached out to Mother Alfred Moes, the founder of the Sisters of Saint Francis of Rochester, Minnesota (a teaching order).<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp

After the crisis subsided, Mother Alfred approached W. W. Mayo with a proposal: The Sisters of St. Francis would raise funds to build a hospital in Rochester if he and his sons provided medical and surgical care.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp The agreement was made over a handshake.<ref name="Burns"/>Template:Rp On September 30, 1889, Saint Mary's Hospital was opened by the Sisters with the three Mayo physicians on staff.<ref name="Burns"/>Template:Rp

Group practiceEdit

The growing specialization of medicine and the expanding use of railroads, automobiles, and mass communications provided context for the development of integrated multi-specialty practice.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp<ref name="Burns"/>Template:Rp<ref name="Fye">Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp

Starting in the 1890s, the Mayo brothers welcomed other physicians to join them. W. W. Mayo's solo practice had evolved into a family practice with his sons' participation which then became a group practice with other medical colleagues.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp Mayo Clinic's first partners were physicians Augustus W. Stinchfield,<ref name="Lennon11">Template:Cite news</ref> Christopher Graham,<ref name="Nelson-Graham">Template:Cite journal</ref> Melvin C. Millet,<ref name="Nelson-Millet">Template:Cite journal</ref> Henry Plummer,<ref name="Nelson-Plummer">Template:Cite journal</ref> E. Star Judd,<ref name="Nelson-Judd">Template:Cite journal</ref> and Donald Balfour.<ref name="GastroJournal-Balfour">Template:Cite journal</ref>

Preeminent among the early physicians who joined the practice was Henry Stanley Plummer, M.D. A specialist in thyroid disease, he made contributions to the treatment of goiter.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp In terms of organizational development, he collaborated with the Mayo brothers in coordinating the introduction of specialties that expanded the scope of the Mayo practice beyond its origins in surgery.<ref name="Fye"/>Template:Rp A polymath whose interests included architecture, engineering, and art, Plummer also created many of the systems and procedures that remain central to Mayo Clinic today, such as the integrated "dossier" medical record.<ref name="Fye"/>Template:Rp

Growth and national expansionEdit

File:DrsMayoStamp.jpg
Mayo Brothers U.S. Commemorative Stamp issued 1964

The Mayo brothers both served as president of the American Medical Association and achieved recognition as surgeons.<ref name="Fye"/>Template:Rp In 1919, the brothers and their wives donated the assets of the medical practice including land, buildings, and equipment, as well as the majority of their life savings, to transform the private partnership into a not-for-profit organization.<ref name="Burns"/>Template:Rp<ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref>Template:Cite book</ref><ref name=medicinehistory>Template:Cite book</ref>

Following World War II, Mayo Clinic continued to expand in Rochester, Minnesota. In 1972, the Mayo Medical School (now Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine) opened.<ref name="MayoHistory-091713">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 1986, Mayo Clinic formally united with Saint Marys Hospital and Rochester Methodist Hospital.<ref name="PostBulletin-Timeline">Template:Cite news</ref> That same year, Mayo Clinic expanded to Florida partly because of a donation of 400 acres of land in Jacksonville from the Davis family.<ref name="FloridaPatients">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> This was followed by expansion to Scottsdale, Arizona, in 1987;<ref name="AZHospitals">Template:Cite news</ref> the Phoenix, Arizona, campus opened in 1998.<ref name="AZHospitals"/> In 1992, Mayo Clinic Health System began as a network of community-based medical services in Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin.<ref name="USNWR-Best">Template:Cite news</ref> In 2011, Mayo Clinic launched the Mayo Clinic Care Network, a collection of facilities with access to Mayo Clinic protocols and experts.<ref name="CareNetwork">Template:Cite news</ref>

In November 2019, the Mayo Clinic, in a joint partnership with SEHA Abu Dhabi Health Services Co, invested $50 million into a 741-bed hospital in the United Arab Emirates for a 25% stake.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

At the beginning of 2020, the Mayo Clinic opened a health clinic in central London, in partnership with Oxford University Clinic. It was officially named Mayo Clinic Healthcare.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In July 2020 it was reported that the Mayo Clinic had bought Oxford University Clinic's share of the facility, to become the sole owner and its first overseas clinic operated as a Mayo Clinic entity.<ref name="beckershospitalreview.com"/><ref name="mayoclinic.org"/>

Contributions to medicine and scienceEdit

In the early 20th century, Henry Plummer developed Mayo Clinic's multi-specialty group practice model and an integrated medical record system.<ref name="Snowbeck-09152017">Template:Cite news</ref> Plummer's system allowed physicians to share patient information better.<ref name="Snowbeck-09152017"/> Before Plummer's system, physicians worked solo. They shared patient information when necessary, either verbally or by letter.<ref name="Snowbeck-09152017"/> Plummer also helped design and fabricate building systems innovations, such as steam sterilization rooms, metal surgical tools and equipment, pneumatic tube systems, and knee operated sinks.<ref name="Campbell-082817">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Grayson-042519">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1905, Mayo Clinic advanced a technique of using frozen tissue during surgery to determine if a patient had cancer while the patient was still in the operating room.<ref name="Hansel-070514">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Becker's-091214">Template:Cite news</ref> Mayo Clinic offered the first graduate medical education program in 1915 and the first nonprofit practice aligned with medical education and research.<ref name="Becker's-091214"/> In the 1920s, Albert Compton Broders of the Mayo Clinic created the first index to grade tumors.<ref name="APLM-12">Template:Cite journal</ref> Mayo Clinic opened the first hospital-based blood bank in Rochester in 1935.<ref name="MayoHistory-091713"/> Early in Mayo Clinic's history, the hospital designed the one-legged mobile instrument stand known as the Mayo stand.<ref name="Meals2010">Template:Cite journal</ref>

In the 1930s, Mayo Clinic associates Walter M. Boothby, Randolph Lovelace, and Arthur H. Bulbulian developed a high-altitude oxygen therapy mask known as the BLB flight mask.<ref name="Dill54">Template:Cite journal</ref>

During World War II, the U.S. Army tasked Mayo Clinic with finding a solution for dying pilots after suffering blackouts. Mayo Clinic hired a team of physicians to research and define the specific physiologic effects causing blackout and unconsciousness during high G forces.<ref name="Hansel-G-Suit">Template:Cite news</ref> Physiologists Earl H. Wood, Edward Baldes, Charles Code, and Edward H. Lambert developed the G-suit with air bladders that prevented blood from pooling in pilots' legs.<ref name="Hansel-G-Suit"/> The suit was worn by U.S. pilots toward the end of World War II.<ref>Template:Multiref2</ref>

Two Mayo Clinic physicians were among three people awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1950 for the discovery of cortisone.<ref name="Hilchey080696">Template:Cite news</ref> Professor Edward C. Kendall, Ph.D., and Philip S. Hench of Mayo Clinic were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine alongside Tadeus Reichstein, a Swiss chemist who conducted independent research, for the discovery.<ref name="Hilchey080696"/> They separated and identified compounds from the adrenal cortex that produced cortisone and hydrocortisone.<ref name="NYT-05051972">Template:Cite news</ref> Later in the decade, Mayo Clinic began using and refining the Gibbon heart–lung machine in cardiac surgery. It is now known as the Mayo–Gibbon heart–lung machine.<ref name="NMAH-Mayo-Gibbon">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Mayo Clinic associates Edward Howard Lambert, Lealdes (Lee) McKendree Eaton, and Edward Douglas Rooke were the first physicians to substantially describe the clinic and electrophysiological findings of what is known as Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome in 1956.<ref>Template:WhoNamedIt</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In 1972, the clustering of LEMS with other autoimmune diseases led to the hypothesis that it was caused by autoimmunity.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

In 1969, Mayo Clinic doctors performed the first Food and Drug Administration-approved hip replacement in the United States.<ref name="Hansel-031007">Template:Cite news</ref> In 1973, Mayo Clinic bought the first CT scanner in the U.S.<ref name="LAT-090708">Template:Cite news</ref>

Mayo Clinic and Roche Molecular Biochemicals developed a rapid DNA test in 2001 to detect anthrax in humans and in the environment.<ref name="CNN-110501">Template:Cite news</ref>

The Mayo Clinic Center for Innovation, was established in 2008 and has since worked on over 270 projects.<ref name="Bhatti-030218">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Silvis-111615">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2013, Mayo Clinic specialists in regenerative medicine began the "first-in-human study," whereby patient cells are used to attempt to heal heart damage.<ref name="MayoHistory-091713"/>

After several years of using Apple Inc.'s Macintosh computers and mobile devices for patient care and test results, Mayo partnered with Apple in 2014 to develop the Apple Health and HealthKit apps as a central location for personal health information.<ref name="Ungerleider-060514">Template:Cite news</ref> Mayo Clinic and Delos Living launched the Well Living Lab in September 2015. This research facility is designed to simulate real-world, non-hospital environments, allowing Mayo Clinic researchers to study the interaction between indoor spaces and human health.<ref name="Stinson">Template:Cite news</ref>

Mayo Clinic's Advanced Care at Home Model of Care launched in 2020 and assists patients in their own homes through virtual care.<ref name="Launches">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2020, Mayo Clinic began running a federally sponsored Expanded Access Program for Convalescent Plasma to treat hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the United States.<ref name="Convalescent">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2018, Mayo Clinic and UCLA used spinal cord stimulation and physical therapy that allowed a man paralyzed since 2013 to briefly regain his ability to stand and walk with assistance. The patient was able to walk 111 yards for a total of 16 minutes when given artificial electrical stimulation, although he was unable to continue that mobility once the artificial stimulation was removed. The results were published in the journal Nature Medicine.<ref name="Paralyzed">Template:Cite news</ref>

As of 2023, Mayo Clinic had treated more than 10,000 patients with proton beam therapy across two of its facilities. According to Post-Bulletin reporting, proton beam therapy is limited in the U.S., with only 2 percent of radiation patients being treated with the technology.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

File:MayoClinicPlummerBldg16floor.JPG
Plummer Building in Rochester, Minnesota

Architecture and art collectionEdit

As the practice grew in the 20th century, it required additional space. Saint Mary's Hospital underwent frequent expansion. Rochester business leader John Kahler built innovative hotel-hospital facilities that served Mayo Clinic patients.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp In 1914, Mayo Clinic opened the world's first building expressly designed for multispecialty group practice, known as the 1914 "red brick" building.<ref name="Lens">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp It facilitated ease of movement for patients and staff among specialty areas, brought research and education functions into proximity with clinical practice, and patient amenities.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp<ref name="Fye"/>Template:Rp This approach was replicated and enhanced with the adjoining 1928 Mayo Clinic building, later named for Plummer,<ref name="Fye"/>Template:Rp its principal designer, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref name="Clapesattle"/>Template:Rp<ref name="HistoricPlaces">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The General hospital features bronze entry doors designed by artist Charles Brioschi. Each 16-foot high, 5.25-inch thick door weighs 4,000 pounds and features ornamental panels. The doors are closed to memorialize important historical events and influential people, such as the deaths of the Mayo brothers, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, and the victims of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.<ref name="PlummerDoors">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The 1914 "red brick" building, a National Historic Landmark, was demolished by Mayo Clinic in the 1980s to make way for the Siebens Building (completed in 1989).<ref name="Lens"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Mayo Clinic's campus has undergone expansion over the years.<ref name="Baier">Template:Cite news</ref>

Other notable Mayo Clinic buildings include the Mayo Building (Rochester, Minnesota) (construction completed in 1955), Guggenheim Building (1974), Gonda Building (2001), Opus Imaging Research Building (2007) and a recent addition in 2019 – Discovery Square building.

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    Gonda Building entrance

  • Mayo Clinic-Gonda atrium-20060705.jpg

    Gonda Building atrium

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    Patient cafeteria dome

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    Opus Imaging Research Building

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    Guggenheim Building

Mayo Clinic's humanities program was founded on the belief that the arts and healing are linked.<ref name="Richert16">Template:Cite news</ref> Over the decades, Mayo Clinic has established an extensive art collection, including these works on display across all campuses:

Educational programsEdit

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The first medical, educational programs at Mayo Clinic were developed in 1915 with the assistance of the University of Minnesota.<ref name=kennedylab>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=medicinehistory/> Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education and the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research were established in 1915.<ref name=boes/><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> MFMER was established as a department of the University of Minnesota with a $1.5 million donation to offer graduate programs at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> The Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education is part of the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, which is divided into five schools.<ref name=porter>Template:Cite journal</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Those schools include Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, and Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.<ref name="Burns"/>Template:Rp

In 2011, the foundation that oversees the Mayo Clinic went before the Supreme Court to argue that medical residents should remain exempt from Social Security deductions. In Mayo Foundation v. United States, the court sided with the Social Security Administration and required FICA to be deducted going forward.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Current practiceEdit

Mayo Clinic rules mandate that its CEOs must be physicians and come from within Mayo Clinic.<ref name="MayoCEOs">Template:Cite news</ref> John H. Noseworthy, M.D., served as president and CEO from 2009 to 2019.<ref name="Newmarker"/> Under his leadership, Mayo Clinic was reorganized into a single operating company with a unified strategy and business plan, which helped the system expand.<ref name=Karnowski-081018/> This included the launch of the Destination Medical Center, a 20-year economic growth plan in Rochester.<ref name=Karnowski-081018/> During this time, annual revenue reached nearly $12 billion, and Mayo Clinic added 7,200 employees.<ref name="StarTribune-Snowbeck-200218">Template:Cite news</ref>

In 2018, Mayo Clinic announced that Gianrico Farrugia, M.D., a Mayo Clinic physician for more than 30 years, would replace Noseworthy as CEO.<ref name=ABC-NewCEO>Template:Cite news</ref> Farrugia had served as CEO of Mayo Clinic in Florida since 2015.<ref name=Karnowski-081018 /> The replacement adhered to Mayo Clinic's tradition of leadership changes, where a new president or CEO is named every seven to ten years.<ref name="ModernHealthcare-Noseworthy">Template:Cite news</ref> By 2018, Mayo Clinic doctors saw approximately 1.3 million patients annually.<ref name=ABC-NewCEO />

CriticismEdit

Opposition to the "Keeping Nurses at the Bedside Act"Edit

In May 2023, Mayo Clinic lobbied against two statewide health care bills, the Keeping Nurses at the Bedside Act (KNABA) and the Health Care Affordability Board, threatening to pull over 4 billion dollars in investments into new facilities and infrastructure in the Mayo Clinic Rochester campus unless the Affordability Board bill was scrapped and the KNABA was amended to exempt Mayo Clinic from any staffing mandates.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The KNABA required hospitals to create committees that allowed nurses and other staff to evaluate staffing workloads in order to address a so-called "care crisis" and a shortage in hospital staff.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Health Care Affordability Board would allow hospitals, doctors, and insurers to be fined for failing to lower costs or allowing costs to run out of control.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The Minnesota Nurses Association spoke out against Mayo's demands, characterizing them as "unethical" and "attempt(s) to override democracy".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> These lobbying attempts were successful, with the mandated nurse staffing levels scrapped,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Health Care Affordability Board legislation being changed from a board empowered to levy fines to a bill that "requires state health officials to review health care cost growth but gives them no authority to set targets".<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Minnesota state senator Erin Murphy called Mayo's efforts to gut the bill "corporate hijacking" in an op-ed published in the Star Tribune.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

InnovationEdit

Mayo Clinic has adopted more than 15,000 mobile devices from Apple for patient care, including the iPad, iPad Mini, and iPhone. Mayo Clinic then created an app for these devices called Synthesis Mobile, which integrated hundreds of their health systems. More apps were created for Mayo Clinic Care Network members to help patients see their medical records or ask clinicians for assistance.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2014, Mayo Clinic was developing an app for Apple's HealthKit to help users maintain healthy lifestyles and warn of certain health signs that need attention.<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref>

The Mayo Clinic Center for Innovation was established in 2008. It has since worked on over 270 projects.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In March 2018, Mayo Clinic and Mytonomy, a healthcare education system company, partnered to provide video content for cancer patients.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

In September 2019, Mayo Clinic entered into a partnership with Google for health care innovation and cloud computing, and Google planned to open its facility in Rochester, Minnesota for Mayo Clinic.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In January 2020, Mayo Clinic and NTT Venture Capital joined a $60 million financing for biomedical software startup inference.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In March 2023, Mayo Clinic disclosed that they are using AI technology to write content. The AI content is used to write in plain language, choose words that are inclusive, and optimize content for search applications.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

RankingsEdit

Since 2016 the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, has been ranked as the #1 overall hospital in the United States by U.S. News & World Report. Almost 5,000 hospitals were considered and ranked in 16 specialties, from cancer and heart disease to respiratory disorders and urology; 153 (just over three percent of the total) were ranked in at least one of the 16 specialties. Of the 153 hospitals ranked in one or more specialties, 20 qualified for the Honor Roll, earning high scores in at least six specialties. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, was ranked in the top 10 in all but one of 16 specialties, in the top 4 in 13 specialties, and was the #1 ranked hospital in 8 of the 12 data-driven specialties. This year U.S. News expanded its common procedures and conditions list to 9 individual measures. Mayo was one of fewer than 70 hospitals to score High Performing in every category.<ref name="Browning">Template:Cite news</ref> Additionally, Mayo was the only hospital on the 2016–2017 honor roll also to receive 5 stars from CMS.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Every Mayo Clinic hospital received an "A" safety rating from Leapfrog in its April 2017 report.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2021–22, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, was ranked again as the #1 overall hospital in the United States by U.S. News & World Report.

Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break Ranked 1st

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Ranked 2nd

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Ranked 3rd–6th

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High-Performing

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See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

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Further readingEdit

External linksEdit

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