Messier 29

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Messier 29 or M29, also known as NGC 6913 or the Cooling Tower Cluster, is a quite small, bright open cluster of stars just south of the central bright star Gamma Cygni of a northerly zone of the sky, Cygnus. It was discovered by Charles Messier in 1764, and can be seen from Earth by using binoculars.

M29 is well within the several degrees of the arms and bulge of the Milky Way. It is at least many hundreds of light years short of the yardstick distance to the Galactic Center, as is between 4,000<ref name=kgj>Kenneth Glyn Jones (ed.) The Sky Catalogue 2000.0</ref> and 7,200 light years away.<ref>Preferred by most sources including Mallas/Kreimer and Burnham, and agreeing with early estimates or R.J. Trumpler 1930</ref> A 1998 popular work gives a value within this range.Template:Efn<ref name=ks>Kepple, George Robert., Sanner, Glen W.. The Night Sky Observer's Guide: Spring & summer. United States: Willmann-Bell, 1998 at Chapter 42. Cygnus, The Swan</ref> Data from Gaia EDR3 gives a parallactic distance of about 5,240 light years.<ref name=Poggio2021/> The uncertainty is due to poorly known absorption of the cluster's light. Its extinction greatly is from faint surrounding nebulosity and other foreground interstellar matter of this cross-section of the spiral arms (see Orion–Cygnus Arm, which is our local arm).

According to the Sky Catalogue,<ref name=kgj/> M29 is included in the Cygnus OB1 association, and the radial velocity component of three-dimensional motion, by default factoring in the solar system's current trajectory, is one of approaching at 28 km/s (noted, thus, as negative). Its age is estimated at 10 million years, as its five hottest stars are all giants of spectral class B0. Kepple and his associates give the apparent brightness of the brightest star as eighth magnitude of in the mid-wavelength (and frequency) "visual" band.<ref name=ks/>Template:Efn

The cluster's absolute magnitude is estimated at −8.2, a luminosity of 160,000 solar luminosities (Template:Lo). The linear diameter was estimated at only 11 light years. Its Trumpler class is III,3,p,n (as it is associated with nebulosity), although Götz gives, differently, II,3,m, and Kepple gives I,2,m,n.<ref name=ks/> The Sky Catalogue lists it with 50 member stars;<ref name=kgj/> earlier Becvar estimated 20 members.

North of 47 degrees north, the cluster is for part or all of the day above the horizon. It can be made out in binoculars in a good sky. In telescopes, lowest powers are best. The brightest of its stars form a "stubby dipper", per Mallas. The four brightest stars form a quadrilateral, and another set a small triangle just north of the northernmost of the four. It is often known as the "cooling tower" due to its resemblance to the hyperboloid-shaped structures. A few fainter stars are around them, but the cluster appears quite isolated, especially in smaller telescopes. In photographs, many faint Milky Way background stars appear.

Messier 29 can be found quite easily as it is about 1.7 degrees southTemplate:Efn of Gamma or 37 Cygni (Sadr). Angularly close, and almost certainly nearby in space, is diffuse nebulosity.

The especially hot binary Wolf–Rayet star WR 143 (WC4+Be) (HD 195177) can be found near this cluster.

See also

• List of Messier objects

External links

• Messier 29, SEDS Messier pages
• Messier 29 RGB Image
• Messier 29 LRGB image – 2 hrs total exposure
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