Misamis Occidental

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Misamis Occidental (Template:Langx; Subanen: Sindepan Mis'samis; Template:Langx; Template:Langx), officially the Province of Misamis Occidental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Oroquieta while Ozamiz is the most-populous city. The province borders Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur to the west and is separated from Lanao del Norte by Panguil Bay to the south and Iligan Bay to the east. The province of Misamis was originally inhabited by Subanens who were an easy target by the sea pirates from Lanao.

The province is named after the early settlement of the Spaniards at the entrance to the Panguil Bay. The name Misamis is believed to have been derived from the Subanen word kuyamis which is a variety of coconut, the staple food of the early settlers. During the years the name persisted as an inference of the geographical location, and upon the advent of the Spanish settlers, the word kuyamis easily gave way to the more convenient pronounceable but corrupted word Misamis.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

EtymologyEdit

The name Misamis is derived from Subanen word kuyamis which is a variety of coconut.

HistoryEdit

Spanish colonial eraEdit

The area of now Misamis Occidental was first occupied by Subanen which was followed by Maranao and later Visayans settled in the coastal areas. During the 1750s was the time that the coastal villages in southern Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao suffered attacks from bands of Muslim pirates, who burned houses and crops, and captured people to be sold as slaves in Maguindanao, Sulu, Borneo or the islands now known as Indonesia. In response, the colonial government in Manila created a flotilla and appointed a Spanish Jesuit missionary, José Ducos, as its commander.

After several successful battles against the pirates, when some peace had been restored, it was decided to build a stone fort at the mouth of Panguil Bay, at a place called Misamis, and Ducos was put in charge of the construction. The construction began in 1756. It was officially called “Fuerte de la Concepción y del Triunfo”.<ref>BERNAD, M.. Father Ducos and the Muslim Wars, 1752-1759. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints, North America, 16, dec. 1968. Available at: <http://philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/view/2272/4273>. Date accessed: 10 Feb. 2015.</ref>

Maps of Misamis, before its division into two provinces
Philippine territorial map 1880 MINDANAO.PNG

in 1880
Misamis 1899.JPG

in 1899
Misamis province 1918 map.JPG

in 1918

In 1818, Mindanao was organized into five politico-military districts, one of which was the Segundo Distrito de Misamis, the largest district in Mindanao. This area was composed of today's Misamis Oriental, Misamis Occidental, Camiguin, Bukidnon, Lanao, Zamboanga del Norte, and the northern part of Cotabato.

In 1850, the town of Misamis became the capital of the district of Misamis until February 27, 1872, when the Spanish Governor General Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada issued a decree declaring Cagayan the permanent capital of Segundo Distrito de Misamis. During this era, the name of the town was Cagayan de Misamis.

American colonial eraEdit

On November 2, 1929, Legislative Act No. 3537 passed, dividing the old province of Misamis into Misamis Occidental and Misamis Oriental, which took effect on January 1, 1930. Misamis Occidental comprised the original nine towns of Baliangao, Lopez Jaena, Tudela, Clarin, Plaridel, Oroquieta, Aloran, Jimenez, and Misamis. Don José Ozámiz y Fortich became the first governor.

On January 6, 1930, the provincial council of Misamis Occidental selected Oroquieta to become the capital town (cabecera) of the province.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In 1935, the Provincial Capitol Building, commonly called Capitolio, begun construction and became the seat of executive and legislative power of the province in the town of Oroquieta.

Japanese occupationEdit

On May 6, 1942, the Japanese Imperial forces landed in Misamis Occidental, beginning their brief occupation of the province during World War II. In 1945, combined American and Philippine Commonwealth forces liberated the province, and with the help of the recognized guerilla units, defeated the Japanese forces.Template:Explain During World War II, Misamis became the capital of the Free Philippines as the seat of government of the Free Philippines then was the Capitolio. The United States Forces in the Philippines under Colonel Wendell Fertig based in Misamis Occidental, was the rallying point for the guerrillas in Mindanao. This was historically significant because it is the only time in Philippine history when its capital was in Mindanao, in the region then known as Misamis. The Free Philippine Government was then issuing Misamis Occidental emergency notes. Late President Manuel L. Quezon, upon knowing that Oroquieta was made a capital of the Free Philippines and that the town was issuing emergency notes, authorized the printing of the Mindanao emergency note.

Philippine independenceEdit

On July 16, 1948 — the town of Misamis became a chartered city by virtue of Republic Act 321,<ref name=ChanRobles-RA321>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> making it the 4th city in Mindanao after Zamboanga, Davao, and Marawi. It was also renamed to Ozamiz after José Ozámiz y Fortich who was also a congressional representative of the Lone District of Misamis Occidental, senator of the Philippines, and a delegate to the 1935 Constitutional Convention that resulted in the creation of the 1935 Constitution for the Philippine Commonwealth Government.

On August 24, 1981 - Members of a fanatical pseudo-religious paramilitary sect called the "Rock Christ" strafed the house of the Gumapons, a family, in Barrio Lampasan, Tudela, Misamis Occidental. Ten of the twelve persons in the house, including an infant, were killed.<ref name="DoyoMaCeresMLMassacres">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite report</ref>

ContemporaryEdit

In May 2010 — the people of Misamis Occidental elected their first female governor, Herminia M. Ramiro.

In September 2024, the Panguil Bay Bridge was opened, allowing the province to be connected to other provinces in the Northern Mindanao region by land.

GeographyEdit

Misamis Occidental is located near the narrow strip of land linking Northwestern Mindanao, to the North-central part of the island. Covering a total area of Template:Convert Template:PSGC detail, the province is bounded on the northeast by the Mindanao Sea, east by Iligan Bay, southeast by the Panguil Bay, and the west by the Zamboanga del Norte and Sur. Except along the coastal area, hilly and rolling land characterized the provincial terrain. Towards the western border, the terrain is particularly rugged.

Administrative divisionsEdit

Misamis Occidental comprises 14 municipalities and 3 component cities, which are organized into two legislative districts and further subdivided into 490 barangays.

File:Ph fil misamis occidental.png

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Template:Unbulleted list Template:Col-begin Template:Col-break

City Template:Small municipalityTemplate:Ref label		District Template:PSGC detail	Population			Template:PSGC rubric	AreaTemplate:PSGC detail		Density		Template:Abbr	Coordinates Template:Ref label
			Template:Small Template:PH census		Template:Small Template:PH census		km²	Template:Nowrap	/km²	Template:Nowrap
Aloran		1st	Template:Percent and number	27,625	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	38	Template:Coord
Baliangao		1st	Template:Percent and number	17,092	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	15	Template:Coord
Bonifacio		2nd	Template:Percent and number	32,345	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	28	Template:Coord
Calamba		1st	Template:Percent and number	21,676	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	19	Template:Coord
Clarin		2nd	Template:Percent and number	37,548	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	29	Template:Coord
Concepcion		1st	Template:Percent and number	10,937	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	18	Template:Coord
Don Victoriano		2nd	Template:Percent and number	10,183	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	11	Template:Coord
Jimenez		1st	Template:Percent and number	27,654	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	24	Template:Coord
Lopez Jaena		1st	Template:Percent and number	25,055	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	28	Template:Coord
Oroquieta City	†	1st	Template:Percent and number	70,757	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	47	Template:Coord
Ozamiz City	∗	2nd	Template:Percent and number	141,828	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	51	Template:Coord
Panaon		1st	Template:Percent and number	10,209	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	16	Template:Coord
Plaridel		1st	Template:Percent and number	38,900	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	33	Template:Coord
Sapang Dalaga		1st	Template:Percent and number	19,983	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	28	Template:Coord
Sinacaban		2nd	Template:Percent and number	18,391	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	17	Template:Coord
Tangub City	∗	2nd	Template:Percent and number	63,011	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	55	Template:Coord
Tudela		2nd	Template:Percent and number	28,932	Template:PAGR	Template:Convert	Template:Convert	33	Template:Coord
Total				617,333	602,126	Template:PAGR	2,006.63	Template:Convert	Template:Sigfig	Template:Convert	490	Template:Small
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DemographicsEdit

Template:Philippine Census

The population of Misamis Occidental in the 2020 census was 617,333 people,Template:PH census with a density of Template:Convert.

The dense population along the coast consists mainly of ethnic Cebuanos. Thus, Cebuano is the lingua franca of the province. Most of the native Subanens live in the interior uplands. Other inhabitants not native in the province include Maranaos, Maguindanaons, Tausugs, Ilocanos, Kapampangans, Bicolanos, Tagalogs, Pangasinans, Hiligaynons and Warays. They are minority residents of the province who speak their respective native languages to varying degrees in addition to Cebuano.

ReligionEdit

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CatholicismEdit

Template:Further As of 2013, Roman Catholicism remains the predominant faith of the people of Misamis Occidental having 70 percent affiliation and the second most members are with the Iglesia Filipina Independiente or Aglipayan Church with 20%.

OthersEdit

Several Protestant Churches as well as Islam are the minorities are present in the province.Template:Citation needed

EconomyEdit

Template:Stack The province economy depends firstly on fishing, secondly on coconuts, thirdly on rice. The province has Template:Convert of coastline fronting the rich fishing grounds of Panguil and Iligan bays. It also has the biggest area of brackish water fishponds in the region. Tangub City is a fishing port on Panguil Bay famous for seafood. Coconut is the chief crop. This is processed into oil, desiccated coconut, and coir, most of which are shipped to Cebu. Coconut processing is the main industry in Oroquieta City. Other crops grown are rice, corn, abaca, coffee, cacao and rubber.

ResourcesEdit

Wood is the major forest product. Predominant species are the lauan group, apitong, tanguige yakal, and Philippine mahogany. There is also an abundant supply of bamboo, rattan and various vines. Forest land in the province has an area of 66,002.46 hectares; 53,262 hectares of which are considered a national park (which has legal implications).Template:Citation needed

The province has a considerable deposit of clay especially in the municipalities of Lopez Jaena and Concepcion. Plaridel is the largest in rice production, and the longest coastal town in the province.

There are also an abundant sources of sand and gravel.

The province is traditionally a net exporter of various commodities. Historical data from the Ozamiz Port District of the Bureau of Customs show that outgoing commodities, which is mainly of coconut products, far outweigh incoming cargoes.

Being a coco-based province, major manufacturing firms in Misamis Occidental are engaged in the production of crude coconut oil, cooking oil, lard, margarine, laundry soap and desiccated coconut. Other products are furniture, ceramics gifts toys and housewares, processed food like banana chips and marine products.

Locally fabricated agri-industrial machines and equipment are also available in the province.

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Tourism and attractionsEdit

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Langaranan Festival, Plaridel
Baobaon Islets, Plaridel
Shang's Resort, Plaridel
Century-Old Nazareno Dam, Plaridel
Caluya Shrine, Sapang Dalaga
Baliangao Protected Landscape and Seascape
Binalbal Festival, Tudela
Christmas Festival of Lights, Tangub City
Dalit Festival, Tangub City
Dampawan Festival, Concepcion - September
Fuerte de la Concepcion y del Triunfo, Ozamiz City
Hoyohoy Highland Stone Chapel & Adventure Park, Tangub City
Asenso Global Gardens and View Deck, Tangub City
Immaculate Conception Cathedral Pipe Organ, Ozamiz City
Inug-og Festival, Oroquieta City
Misamis Occidental Aquamarine Park
Mount Malindang Range Natural Park and Lake Duminagat
Grand Perangat Festival - November
Baga Falls, Sapang Dalaga
Suman Festival, Clarin
Sinakbang Festival, Sinacaban, Misamis Occidental

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GovernmentEdit

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File:Misamis Occidental Provincial Capitol facade (Lamac Lower, Oroquieta, Misamis Occidental; 10-16-2023).jpg

Misamis Occidental Provincial Capitol

Current officialsEdit

Misamis OccidentalEdit

Governor: Atty. Henry S. Oaminal (NP)
Vice Governor: Rowena “Wheng” L. Gutierrez (Asenso Pinoy Party)
ABC President: Salvador C. Canlas Jr. - Ex-Officio Board Member
SK Federation Chairman: Clara Mie V. Villanueva - Ex-Officio Board Member
IPMR: Juanidy M. Vina - Ex-Officio Board Member
PCL President: Lowida L. Alcalde - Ex-Officio Board Member

1st DistrictEdit

Member, House of Representatives: Jason P. Almonte (NP)
Members, Sangguniang Panlalawigan:
- Alejandro “Alex” J. Guantero Jr. (Asenso Pinoy)
- Winston “Dondon” V. Catane (Asenso Pinoy)
- Rosanne Marie “Tata” L. Paylaga-Lim (Asenso Pinoy)
- Donna R. Iyog (Asenso Pinoy)
- Agnes C. Villanueva, CPA (Asenso Pinoy)

2nd DistrictEdit

Member, House of Representatives: Sancho Fernando “Ando” F. Oaminal (Lakas)
Members, Sangguniang Panlalawigan:
- Calven Tito C. Decina (Asenso Pinoy)
- Nemesio D. Lahaylahay Sr. (Asenso Pinoy)
- Eduardo “Tata” C. Cebedo (Asenso Pinoy)
- Atty. Heinjie B. Estano (Asenso Pinoy)
- Jerry R. Cuizon (Asenso Pinoy)