Nepomuk
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}}Template:Main other Nepomuk ({{#invoke:IPA|main}}; Template:Langx) is a town in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,600 inhabitants. It is known as the birthplace of Saint John of Nepomuk, who was born here around 1340.
Administrative divisionEdit
Nepomuk consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census):<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
- Nepomuk (2,779)
- Dvorec (785)
EtymologyEdit
The town was originally named Pomuk; the origin of the name is unclear. According to legend, it is derived from the rain that descended on the region after the blessing of Saint Adalbert in 992 (from the Old Czech pomoknout, i.e. 'to make wet').<ref name=rp>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
GeographyEdit
Nepomuk is located about Template:Convert south of Plzeň. It lies in the Blatná Uplands. The highest point is located in the westernmost part of the municipal territory at Template:Convert above sea level. The Mihovka Brook flows through the town. East of the town are two notable fishponds, Dvorecký rybník and Panský rybník. There are also several other fishponds in the municipal territory.
ClimateEdit
Nepomuk's climate is classified as humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb; Trewartha: Dclo). Among them, the annual average temperature is Template:Convert, the hottest month in July is Template:Convert, and the coldest month is Template:Convert in January. The annual precipitation is Template:Convert, of which June is the wettest with Template:Convert, while February is the driest with only Template:Convert. The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from Template:Convert on 10 February 1956 to Template:Convert on 27 July 1983.<ref name=extremes>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
HistoryEdit
The first written mention of Pomuk is from 1144, when a new Cistercian monastery was built nearby. The monastery was destroyed by Hussite army in 1420 and now there is the village of Klášter. In 1384, Pomuk was merged with neighbouring Přesanice and renamed Nepomuk. It was promoted to a town in 1413.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
After the monastery was destroyed, its properties were acquired by Lords of Schwamberg and then by the Sternberg family. The greatest development of the town is connected with the Baroque period, when Nepomuk was an important pilgrimage site. After confusion, when Nepomuk was alternately called a town and a market town, the town status was confirmed by Emperor Charles VI in 1730.<ref name=rp/>
DemographicsEdit
Template:Historical populations
TransportEdit
The I/20 road (part of the European route E49) from Plzeň to České Budějovice passes through the town.
Nepomuk is located on the major interregional railway line Brno–Plzeň. It addition, it is a starting point of a local line to Blatná.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
SightsEdit
The main landmark of the town centre is the Church of Saint John of Nepomuk. It was originally an early Baroque church from the mid-17th century, but it was completely rebuilt by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer in 1734–1738.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
The Church of Saint James the Great was originally a Romanesque church built in 1142–1153. It was then rebuilt in the early Gothic style at the end of the 13th century and in 1360–1370. The church was abolished in 1786 and the building served as a granary until 1857. In 1859–1860, it was reconstructed in the pseudo-Gothic style and since 1860, it has been a parish church. The separate late Baroque bell tower was built next to the church in 1780–1790.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
U Lípy House was built between 1360 and 1370 and is the oldest house in the town. The current appearance is from the early 19th century. In the Middle Ages, this building served as the seat of the Vogt and from the 17th century as an inn.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>
Notable peopleEdit
- John of Nepomuk (Template:Circa–1393), saint
- Augustin Němejc (1861–1938), painter
- Marie Poledňáková (1941–2022), film director and screenwriter; raised here
Twin towns – sister citiesEdit
Template:See also Nepomuk is twinned with:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:Div col
- Template:Flagicon Anykščiai, Lithuania
- Template:Flagicon Bušince, Slovakia
- Template:Flagicon Hukvaldy, Czech Republic
- Template:Flagicon Kemnath, Germany
- Template:Flagicon Krupina, Slovakia
- Template:Flagicon Omiš, Croatia
- Template:Flagicon Roermond, Netherlands
- Template:Flagicon São João Nepomuceno, Brazil