Nydia Velázquez

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}}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}} }}{{#if:|{{#if:||{{#ifeq:{{#ifeq:|no|yes}}|yes||}}}} }}{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown=Template:Main other|preview=Page using Template:Infobox officeholder with unknown parameter "_VALUE_"|ignoreblank=y| regexp1 = 1blankname[%d]* | regexp2 = 1namedata[%d]* | regexp3 = 2blankname[%d]* | regexp4 = 2namedata[%d]* | regexp5 = 3blankname[%d]* | regexp6 = 3namedata[%d]* | regexp7 = 4blankname[%d]* | regexp8 = 4namedata[%d]* | regexp9 = 5blankname[%d]* | regexp10 = 5namedata[%d]* | allegiance | alma_mater | regexp11 = alongside[%d]* | alt | regexp12 = ambassador_from[%d]* | regexp13 = appointed[%d]* | regexp14 = appointer[%d]* | regexp15 = assembly[%d]* | awards | battles | battles_label | birth_date | birth_name | birth_place | birthname | regexp16 = blank[%d]* | bodyclass | branch | branch_label | cabinet | candidate | caption | categories | regexp17 = chancellor[%d]* | children | citizenship | regexp18 = co%-leader[%d]* | commands | committees | regexp19 = constituency[%d]* | regexp20 = constituency_AM[%d]* | regexp21 = constituency_MP[%d]* | regexp22 = convocation[%d]* | regexp23 = country[%d]* | regexp24 = data[%d]* | date | death_cause | death_date | death_manner | death_place | demo | regexp25 = deputy[%d]* | regexp26 = district[%d]* | education | election_date | embed | father | regexp28 = firstminister[%d]* | footnotes | regexp29 = governor[%d]* | regexp30 = governor_general[%d]* | regexp31 = governor%-general[%d]* | height | honorific_prefix | honorific-prefix | honorific_suffix | honorific-suffix | image | image name | image_name_alt | image_size | imagesize | image_upright | incumbent | regexp32 = jr/sr[%d]* | regexp33 = jr/sr and state[%d]* | known_for | regexp34 = leader[%d]* | regexp35 = legislature[%d]* | regexp36 = lieutenant[%d]* | regexp37 = lieutenant_governor[%d]* | mainwidth | regexp38 = majority[%d]* | regexp39 = majority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp40 = majority_leader[%d]* | regexp41 = majorityleader[%d]* | mawards | regexp42 = military_blank[%d]* | regexp43 = military_data[%d]* | regexp44 = minister[%d]* | regexp45 = minister_from[%d]* | regexp46 = minority_floor_leader[%d]* | regexp47 = minority_leader[%d]* | regexp48 = minorityleader[%d]* | regexp49 = module[%d]* | regexp50 = monarch[%d]* | mother | name | nationality | native_name | native_name_lang | nickname | nocat | regexp51 = nominator[%d]* | nominee | occupation | regexp52 = office[%d]* | opponent | regexp53 = order[%d]* | otherparty | parents | regexp54 = parliament[%d]* | regexp55 = parliamentarygroup[%d]* | partner | party | party_election | portfolio | regexp56 = preceded[%d]* | regexp57 = preceding[%d]* | regexp58 = predecessor[%d]* | regexp59 = premier[%d]* | regexp60 = president[%d]* | regexp61 = primeminister[%d]* | regexp62 = prior_term[%d]* | profession | pronunciation | rank | rank_label | relations | relatives | residence | resting_place | resting_place_coordinates | restingplace | restingplacecoordinates | regexp63 = riding[%d]* | runningmate | salary | serviceyears | serviceyears_label | signature | signature_alt | signature_size | smallimage | smallimage_alt | source | speaker | speaker_office | spouse | spouses | regexp64 = state[%d]* | regexp65 = state_assembly[%d]* | regexp66 = state_delegate[%d]* | regexp67 = state_house[%d]* | regexp68 = state_legislature[%d]* | regexp69 = state_senate[%d]* | regexp70 = status[%d]* | regexp71 = suboffice[%d]* | regexp72 = subterm[%d]* | regexp73 = succeeded[%d]* | regexp74 = succeeding[%d]* | regexp75 = successor[%d]* | regexp76 = taoiseach[%d]* | regexp77 = term[%d]* | regexp78 = term_end[%d]* | regexp79 = term_label[%d]* | regexp80 = term_start[%d]* | regexp81 = termend[%d]* | regexp82 = termlabel[%d]* | regexp83 = termstart[%d]* | regexp84 = title[%d]* | unit | unit_label | regexp85 = vicegovernor[%d]* | regexp86 = vicepremier[%d]* | regexp87 = vicepresident[%d]* | regexp88 = viceprimeminister[%d]* | regexp89 = assuming[%d]* | website | width | year }} Nydia Margarita Velázquez Serrano (Template:IPAc-en Template:Respell, {{#invoke:IPA|main}}; born March 28, 1953) is an American politician serving in the United States House of Representatives since 1993. A Democrat from New York, Velázquez chaired the Congressional Hispanic Caucus until January 3, 2011. Her district, in New York City, was numbered the Template:Ushr from 1993 to 2013 and has been numbered the Template:Ushr since 2013. Velázquez is the first Puerto Rican woman to serve in the United States Congress.<ref name="Newman1992" />

Early life, education and careerEdit

Velázquez was born in the town of Limones in the municipality of Yabucoa, Puerto Rico, on March 28, 1953.<ref name="HAC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> She grew up in a small house on the Río Limones with eight other siblings.<ref name="Sontag1992">Deborah Sontag, Puerto Rican-Born Favorite Treated Like Outsider, New York Times (November 2, 1992).</ref><ref name="Newman1992">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="Tabor1992">Mary B. W. Tabor, The 1992 Campaign: 12th District Woman in the News; Loyalty and Labor; Nydia M. Velazquez, New York Times (September 17, 1992).</ref> Her mother was Carmen Luisa Serrano Medina,<ref name="Newman1992" /> and her father, Benito Velázquez Rodríguez, was a low-income worker in the sugarcane fields who became a self-taught political activist and the founder of a local political party; he was also listed as "Black" on the 1940 U.S. census.<ref name="Newman1992" /><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Political conversations at the Velázquez dinner table focused on workers' rights.

Velázquez attended public schools<ref name="HAC" /> and skipped three grades as a child.<ref name="Newman1992" /> She became the first person in her family to graduate from high school.<ref name="HAC" /><ref name="Tabor1992" /> At age 16, she became a student at University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras.<ref name="Newman1992" /> In 1974,<ref name="HAC" /> she received a B.A. degree in political science, magna cum laude, and became a teacher.<ref name="Newman1992" /><ref name="Tabor1992" /> In college, Velázquez supported Puerto Rican independence; by the time she ran for Congress in 1992, Velázquez no longer addressed the issue, saying that it must be left up to the Puerto Rican people.<ref name="Newman1992" />

In 1976, Velázquez received an M.A. degree in political science from New York University.<ref name="HAC" /> She served as an instructor of political science at the University of Puerto Rico at Humacao from 1976 to 1981.<ref name="HAC" /> After returning to New York City, Velázquez was an adjunct professor of Puerto Rican studies at Hunter College from 1981 to 1983.<ref name="HAC" /><ref name="Newman1992" />

Political careerEdit

In 1983, Velázquez was special assistant to Representative Edolphus Towns, a Democrat representing New York's 10th congressional district in Brooklyn.<ref name="HAC" /><ref name="Newman1992" />

In 1984, Howard Golden (then the Brooklyn Borough president and chairman of the Brooklyn Democratic Party)<ref>Frank Lynn, Democrats in Brooklyn Face Hispanic Demand, New York Times (August 16, 1984).</ref> named Velázquez to fill a vacant seat on the New York City Council, making her the first Hispanic woman to serve on the council.<ref name="HAC" /><ref name="Newman1992" /> Velázquez ran for election to the council in 1986, but lost to a challenger.<ref name="Newman1992" />

From May 1986 to July 1989, Velázquez was national director of the Puerto Rico Department of Labor and Human Resources' Migration Division Office.<ref name="HAC" /> In 1989 the governor of Puerto Rico named her the director of the Department of Puerto Rican Community Affairs in the United States.<ref name="HAC" /><ref name="Newman1992" /> In this role, according to a 1992 The New York Times profile, "Velazquez solidified her reputation that night as a street-smart and politically savvy woman who understood the value of solidarity and loyalty to other politicians, community leaders and organized labor."<ref name="Tabor1992" />

Velázquez pioneered {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}, a program that aims to politically empower Latinos in the United States through voter registration and other projects. The {{#invoke:Lang|lang}} project spread from New York to Hartford, Connecticut; New Jersey; Chicago; and Boston, helping Hispanic candidates secure electoral wins.<ref>Carol Hardy-Fanta, with Jaime Rodríguez, Latino Voter Registration Efforts in Massachusetts: Un Pasito Más" in Latino Politics in Massachusetts: Struggles, Strategies, and Prospects (eds: Carol Hardy-Fanta & Jeffrey N. Gerson: Routledge, 2002), pp. 253-54.</ref>

Puerto RicoEdit

Velázquez has been an advocate for human and civil rights of the Puerto Rican people. In the late 1990s and the 2000s, she was a leader in the Vieques movement, which sought to stop the United States military from using the inhabited island as a bomb testing ground. In May 2000, Velázquez was one of nearly 200 people arrested (including fellow Representative Luis Gutiérrez) for refusing to leave the natural habitat the US military wished to continue using as a bombing range.<ref name="Morales, Ed">Template:Cite news</ref> Velázquez was ultimately successful: in May 2003, the Atlantic Fleet Weapons Training Facility on Vieques Island was closed, and in May 2004, the U.S. Navy's last remaining base on Puerto Rico, the Roosevelt Roads Naval Station – which employed 1,000 local contractors and contributed $300 million to the local economy – was closed.<ref>New York Times: "After Closing of Navy Base, Hard Times in Puerto Rico" April 3, 2005</ref><ref>Los Angeles Times: "Navy Makes Plans Without Vieques – Use of bombing ranges in Florida and other U.S. mainland areas will increase after Puerto Rican island training ground is abandoned" January 12, 2003 Admiral Robert J. Natter, commander of the Atlantic Fleet, is on record as saying: "Without Vieques there is no way I need the Navy facilities at Roosevelt Roads — none. It's a drain on Defense Department and taxpayer dollars."</ref>

U.S. House of RepresentativesEdit

File:Nydia M. Velázquez 113th Congress.jpg

Congresswoman Velázquez's official congressional portrait, 113th Congress

ElectionsEdit

1992Edit

Velázquez ran for Congress in the 1992 election, seeking a seat in the New York's newly drawn 12th congressional district, which was drawn as a majority-Hispanic district.<ref name="Tabor1992" /> She won the Democratic primary, defeating nine-term incumbent Stephen J. Solarz, who was heavily damaged by the House banking scandal, and four Hispanic candidates.<ref name="Sontag1992" />

2010Edit

Template:See also Velázquez's 2010 campaign income was $759,359. She came out of this campaign about $7,736 in debt. Her top contributors included Goldman Sachs, the American Bankers Association, the National Roofing Contractors Association and the National Telephone Cooperative Association.<ref name="Velasquez VoteSmart">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

2012Edit

Template:See also Velázquez, who was redistricted into the 7th congressional district, defeated her challengers to win the Democratic nomination.<ref name="Declared Winners">Template:Cite news</ref> Her top contributors included Goldman Sachs, the American Bankers Association and the Independent Community Bankers of America.<ref name="opensecrets.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

TenureEdit

On September 29, 2008, Velázquez voted for the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. On November 19, 2008, she was elected by her peers in the Congressional Hispanic Caucus to lead the group in the 111th Congress.<ref name="HAC" />

Before removing her name from consideration, she was considered a possible candidate to be appointed to the United States Senate by Governor David Paterson after Senator Hillary Clinton resigned to become secretary of state.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Among Velázquez's firsts are: the first Hispanic woman to serve on the New York City Council; the first Puerto Rican woman to serve in Congress; and the first woman Ranking Democratic Member of the House Small Business Committee in 1998. She became the first woman to chair the United States House Committee on Small Business in January 2007 as well as the first Hispanic woman to chair a House standing committee.<ref name="HAC" />

Valazquez voted with President Joe Biden's stated position 100% of the time in the 117th Congress, according to a FiveThirtyEight analysis.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Velázquez was among the 46 Democrats who voted against final passage of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 in the House.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

In September 2024, Nydia M. Velázquez presented a federal bill called the "Mel Law," which guarantees posthumous degrees to students who die before completing their mandatory studies.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Committee assignmentsEdit

Committee on Financial Services<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

- Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit;<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

- Subcommittee on Insurance, Housing and Community Opportunity;
Committee on Small Business (chair)<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Caucus membershipsEdit

Congressional Hispanic Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Congressional Progressive Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Women's Issues Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Urban Caucus<ref>About Nydia Velázquez: Committees and Caucus Memberships
Office of Nydia Velázquez (official website) (accessed April 10, 2016)</ref>
House Baltic Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Congressional Arts Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Climate Solutions Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Medicare for All Caucus
Blue Collar Caucus
Rare Disease Caucus<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

United States–China Working Group<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Velázquez was formerly a member of the Congressional Out of Iraq Caucus.<ref>Issues: Alternatives to War, Office of Nydia Velázquez (official website) (accessed April 10, 2016).</ref>

Personal lifeEdit

Velázquez, also known as "la luchadora",<ref>New York Times: "The Biggest Rival for a Congresswoman From Brooklyn Isn't Even on the Ballot" by Sarah Wheaton June 20, 2012</ref> married Brooklyn-based printer Paul Bader in 2000.<ref name="Liff">Bob Liff, Rep. Velazquez to Marry Printer, New York Daily News (November 17, 2000).</ref> It was her second marriage.<ref name="Liff" /> In November 2002, New York City Comptroller Bill Thompson controversially hired Bader as an administrative manager in the Bureau of Law and Adjudications, joining Joyce Miller, wife of Representative Jerry Nadler, and Chirlane McCray, wife of City Councilman Bill de Blasio.<ref>New York Daily News: "Nydia's Husband Gets Hired – He joins controller staff" by Celeste Katz November 22, 2002</ref> In 2010, Velázquez and Bader were in the process of divorce.<ref>Maite Junco, Dancing in the avenue: Q&A with Puerto Rican parade grand marshal Nydia Velázquez, New York Daily News (June 8, 2010).</ref>

In October 1992, during her first campaign for the House, an unknown person at Saint Clare's Hospital in Manhattan anonymously faxed to the press Velázquez's hospital records pertaining to a suicide attempt in 1991.<ref name="Newman">Maria Newman, Candidate Faces Issue Of Suicide, New York Times (October 10, 1992).</ref> At a subsequent press conference, Velázquez acknowledged that she had attempted suicide that year while suffering from clinical depression.<ref name="Newman" /> She said that she underwent counseling and "emerged stronger and more committed to public service."<ref name="Newman" /> She expressed outrage at the leak of personal health records and asked the Manhattan district attorney and the state attorney general to investigate.<ref name="Newman" /> Velázquez sued the hospital in 1994, alleging that the hospital had failed to protect her privacy.<ref>Rep. Velazquez Sues St. Clare's Hospital, New York Times (May 14, 1994). Retrieved November 13, 2016.</ref> The lawsuit was settled in 1997.<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Online court records for Nydia Velazquez v. St. Clare's Hospital, Index No. 015736/1994, Kings County Supreme Court, accessible in the WebCivil Supreme section of New York's eCourts website.</ref>