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OpenOffice.org (OOo), commonly known as OpenOffice, is a discontinued open-source office suite. Active successor projects include LibreOffice (the most actively developed<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) and Collabora Online, with Apache OpenOffice<ref name=":0" /> being considered mostly dormant since at least 2015.

OpenOffice was an open-sourced version of the earlier StarOffice, which Sun Microsystems acquired in 1999 for internal use. Sun open-sourced the OpenOffice suite in July 2000 as a competitor to Microsoft Office,<ref name="ooo-announcement" /><ref name="ooo1announce" /> releasing version 1.0 on 1 May 2002.<ref name="release1.0" />

OpenOffice included a word processor (Writer), a spreadsheet (Calc), a presentation application (Impress), a drawing application (Draw), a formula editor (Math), and a database management application (Base).<ref name="why1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Its default file format was the OpenDocument Format (ODF), an ISO/IEC standard, which originated with OpenOffice.org. It could also read a wide variety of other file formats, with particular attention to those from Microsoft Office. OpenOffice.org was primarily developed for Linux, Microsoft Windows and Solaris, and later for OS X, with ports to other operating systems. It was distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 (LGPL); early versions were also available under the Sun Industry Standards Source License (SISSL).

In 2011, Oracle Corporation, the then-owner of Sun, announced that it would no longer offer a commercial version of the suite<ref name="oooclosurepr"/> and donated the project to the Apache Foundation.<ref>Template:Citation</ref><ref>Template:Citation</ref> Apache renamed the software Apache OpenOffice.<ref name=":0">Template:Citation</ref>

HistoryEdit

Template:See also OpenOffice.org originated as StarOffice, a proprietary office suite developed by German company Star Division from 1985 on. In August 1999, Star Division was acquired by Sun Microsystems<ref name="briefhistory"/><ref name="zdnet34">Template:Cite news</ref> for US$59.5 million,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> as it was supposedly cheaper than licensing Microsoft Office for 42,000 staff.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On 19 July 2000 at OSCON, Sun Microsystems announced it would make the source code of StarOffice available for download with the intention of building an open-source development community around the software and of providing a free and open alternative to Microsoft Office.<ref name="ooo-announcement">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=ooo1announce/><ref name="thonline2011">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The new project was known as OpenOffice.org,<ref name="Sun Systemnews">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the code was released as open source on 13 October 2000.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The first public preview release was Milestone Build 638c, released in October 2001 (which quickly achieved 1 million downloads<ref name="briefhistory">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>); the final release of OpenOffice.org 1.0 was on 1 May 2002.<ref name="release1.0"/>

OpenOffice.org became the standard office suite on many Linux distros and spawned many derivative versions. It quickly became noteworthy competition to Microsoft Office,<ref name="Register">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="Slashdot">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> achieving 14% penetration in the large enterprise market by 2004.<ref name="Techtarget">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The OpenOffice.org XML file format – XML in a ZIP archive, easily machine-processable – was intended by Sun to become a standard interchange format for office documents,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> to replace the different binary formats for each application that had been usual until then. Sun submitted the format to the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) in 2002 and it was adapted to form the OpenDocument standard in 2005,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which was ratified as ISO 26300 in 2006.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It was made OpenOffice.org's native format from version 2 on. Many governments and other organisations adopted OpenDocument, particularly given there was a free implementation of it readily available.

Development of OpenOffice.org was sponsored primarily by Sun Microsystems, which used the code as the basis for subsequent versions of StarOffice. Developers who wished to contribute code were required to sign a Contributor Agreement<ref name="SCA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="OCA">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> granting joint ownership of any contributions to Sun (and then Oracle), in support of the StarOffice business model.<ref name=lwn20110520>Template:Cite news</ref> This was controversial for many years.<ref name="thonline2011"/><ref name="Berlind">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="lwngooo">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=phipps-tippingpoint>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="calcsolver">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> An alternative Public Documentation Licence (PDL)<ref name="PDL">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> was also offered for documentation not intended for inclusion or integration into the project code base.<ref name="FAQ">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

After acquiring Sun in January 2010, Oracle Corporation continued developing OpenOffice.org and StarOffice, which it renamed Oracle Open Office,<ref name=oracleopenoffice/> though with a reduction in assigned developers.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Oracle's lack of activity on or visible commitment to OpenOffice.org had also been noted by industry observers.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In September 2010, the majority<ref name=reg20110314>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="ARS02Nov10">Template:Cite news</ref> of outside OpenOffice.org developers left the project,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> due to concerns over Sun and then Oracle's management of the project<ref name="ARS28Sep10">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Oracle's handling of its open source portfolio in general,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> to form The Document Foundation (TDF). TDF released the fork LibreOffice in January 2011,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which most Linux distributions soon moved to.<ref name="nww20120525">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="debian-lo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="ubuntu-lo">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="suse-lo">Template:Cite news</ref> In April 2011, Oracle stopped development of OpenOffice.org<ref name="oooclosurepr">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and fired the remaining Star Division development team.<ref name=lwn20110520/><ref name=nww20130904>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Its reasons for doing so were not disclosed; some speculate that it was due to the loss of mindshare with much of the community moving to LibreOffice<ref name="ARS18Apr11">Template:Cite news</ref> while others suggest it was a commercial decision.<ref name=lwn20110520/>

In June 2011, Oracle contributed the trademarks to the Apache Software Foundation.<ref name="MW01June">Template:Cite news; Oracle blog version Template:Webarchive</ref> It also contributed Oracle-owned code to Apache for relicensing under the Apache License,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> at the suggestion of IBM (to whom Oracle had contractual obligations concerning the code),<ref name="thonline2011"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> as IBM did not want the code put under a copyleft license.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This code drop formed the basis for the Apache OpenOffice project.<ref name="ApacheOOo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

GovernanceEdit

During Sun's sponsorship, the OpenOffice.org project was governed by the Community Council, comprising OpenOffice.org community members. The Community Council suggested project goals and coordinated with producers of derivatives on long-term development planning issues.<ref name="charter">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Both Sun and Oracle are claimed to have made decisions without consulting the Council or in contravention to the council's recommendations,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name=webwereld20100930>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> leading to the majority of outside developers leaving for LibreOffice.<ref name="ARS28Sep10"/> Oracle demanded in October 2010 that all Council members involved with the Document Foundation step down,<ref name=ars20101018>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> leaving the Community Council composed only of Oracle employees.<ref name=zdnet20101019>Template:Cite news</ref>

NamingEdit

The project and software were informally referred to as OpenOffice since the Sun release, but since this term is a trademark held by Open Office Automatisering in Benelux since 1999,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOffice.org was its formal name.<ref name="openoffice1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Due to a similar trademark issue (a Rio de Janeiro company that owned that trademark in Brazil), the Brazilian Portuguese version of the suite was distributed under the name BrOffice.org from 2004, with BrOffice.Org being the name of the associated local nonprofit from 2006.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (BrOffice.org moved to LibreOffice in December 2010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>)

FeaturesEdit

OpenOffice.org 1.0 was launched under the following mission statement:<ref name=ooo1announce>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

<templatestyles src="Template:Blockquote/styles.css" />

The mission of OpenOffice.org is to create, as a community, the leading international office suite that will run on all major platforms and provide access to all functionality and data through open-component based APIs and an XML-based file format.{{#if:|{{#if:|}}

— {{#if:|, in }}Template:Comma separated entries

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ComponentsEdit

Icon Title Description
File:OOoWriter3logo.png Writer A word processor analogous to Microsoft Word or WordPerfect.
File:OOoCalc3logo.png Calc A spreadsheet analogous to Microsoft Excel or Lotus 1-2-3.
File:OOoImpress3logo.png Impress A presentation program analogous to Microsoft PowerPoint or Apple Keynote. Impress could export presentations to Adobe Flash (SWF) files, allowing them to be played on any computer with a Flash player installed. Presentation templates were available on the OpenOffice.org website.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

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File:OOoDraw3logo.png Draw A vector graphics editor comparable in features to the drawing functions in Microsoft Office.
File:OOoMath3logo.png Math A tool for creating and editing mathematical formulas, analogous to Microsoft Equation Editor. Formulas could be embedded inside other OpenOffice.org documents, such as those created by Writer.
File:OOoBase3logo.png Base A database management program analogous to Microsoft Access. Base could function as a front-end to a number of different database systems, including Access databases (JET), ODBC data sources, MySQL and PostgreSQL. Base became part of the suite starting with version 2.0. HSQL was the included database engine. From version 2.3, Base offered report generation via Pentaho.

The suite contained no personal information manager, email client or calendar application analogous to Microsoft Outlook, despite one having been present in StarOffice 5.2. Such functionality was frequently requested.<ref name=lightning3.0/> The OpenOffice.org Groupware project, intended to replace Outlook and Microsoft Exchange Server, spun off in 2003 as OpenGroupware.org,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> which is now SOGo. The project considered bundling Mozilla Thunderbird and Mozilla Lightning for OpenOffice.org 3.0.<ref name=lightning3.0>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Supported operating systemsEdit

The last version, 3.4 Beta 1, was available for IA-32 versions of Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or later, Linux (IA-32 and x64), Solaris and OS X 10.4 or later, and the SPARC version of Solaris.<ref name="ooo34b1">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="sysreqs">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The latest versions of OpenOffice.org on other operating systems were:<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>System Requirements for OpenOffice.org 1.0.x</ref><ref>System Requirements for OpenOffice.org 1.1.x</ref><ref>System Requirements for OpenOffice.org 2</ref><ref>System Requirements for OpenOffice.org 3.0 – 3.3</ref><ref>System Requirements for Apache OpenOffice 3.4</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

  • IRIX (MIPS IV): v1.0.3<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

|CitationClass=web }}</ref>

FontsEdit

OpenOffice.org included OpenSymbol, DejaVu,<ref name="modules-fonts">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> the Liberation fonts (from 2.4) and the Gentium fonts (from 3.2).<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Versions up to 2.3 included the Bitstream Vera fonts.<ref name="modules-fonts" /><ref name="ooo240" /> OpenOffice.org also used the default fonts of the running operating system.

Fontwork is a feature that allows users to create stylized text with special effects differing from ordinary text with the added features of gradient colour fills, shaping, letter height, and character spacing. It is similar to WordArt used by Microsoft Word. When OpenOffice.org saved documents in Microsoft Office file format, all Fontwork was converted into WordArt.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

ExtensionsEdit

From version 2.0.4, OpenOffice.org supported third-party extensions.<ref>Template:Cite mailing list</ref> As of April 2011, the OpenOffice Extension Repository listed more than 650 extensions.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Another list was maintained by the Free Software Foundation.<ref>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

OpenOffice BasicEdit

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OpenOffice.org included OpenOffice Basic, a programming language similar to Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). OpenOffice Basic was available in Writer, Calc and Base.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOffice.org also had some Microsoft VBA macro support.

ConnectivityEdit

OpenOffice.org could interact with databases (local or remote) using ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) or SDBC (StarOffice Database Connectivity).<ref>Template:Cite conference </ref>

File formatsEdit

From Version 2.0 onward, OpenOffice.org used ISO/IEC 26300:2006<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenDocument as its native format. Versions 2.0–2.3.0 default to the ODF 1.0 file format; versions 2.3.1–2.4.3 default to ODF 1.1; versions 3.0 onward default to ODF 1.2.

OpenOffice.org 1 used OpenOffice.org XML as its native format. This was contributed to OASIS and OpenDocument was developed from it.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

OpenOffice.org also claimed support for the following formats:<ref name="fileformats">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="started2x">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

DevelopmentEdit

OpenOffice.org converted all external formats to and from an internal XML representation.

The OpenOffice.org API was based on a component technology known as Universal Network Objects (UNO). It consisted of a wide range of interfaces defined in a CORBA-like interface description language.

Native desktop integrationEdit

OpenOffice.org 1.0 was criticized for not having the look and feel of applications developed natively for the platforms on which it runs. Starting with version 2.0, OpenOffice.org used native widget toolkit, icons, and font-rendering libraries on GNOME, KDE and Windows.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The issue had been particularly pronounced on Mac OS X. Early versions of OpenOffice.org required the installation of X11.app or XDarwin (though the NeoOffice port supplied a native interface). Versions since 3.0 ran natively using Apple's Aqua GUI.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Use of JavaEdit

Although originally written in C++, OpenOffice.org became increasingly reliant on the Java Runtime Environment, even including a bundled JVM.<ref name=bundled-java>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOffice.org was criticized by the Free Software Foundation for its increasing dependency on Java, which was not free software.<ref name="Byfield">Template:Cite news</ref>

The issue came to the fore in May 2005, when Richard Stallman appeared to call for a fork of the application in a posting on the Free Software Foundation website.<ref name="Byfield"/> OpenOffice.org adopted a development guideline that future versions of OpenOffice.org would run on free implementations of Java and fixed the issues which previously prevented OpenOffice.org 2.0 from using free-software Java implementations.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On 13 November 2006, Sun committed to releasing Java under the GNU General Public License<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and had released a free software Java, OpenJDK, by May 2007.

SecurityEdit

In 2006, Lt. Col. Eric Filiol of the Laboratoire de Virologie et de Cryptologie de l'ESAT demonstrated security weaknesses, in particular within macros.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> In 2006, Kaspersky Lab demonstrated a proof of concept virus, "Stardust", for OpenOffice.org.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> This showed OpenOffice.org viruses are possible, but there is no known virus "in the wild".

As of October 2011, Secunia reported no known unpatched security flaws for the software.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> A vulnerability in the inherited OpenOffice.org codebase was found and fixed in LibreOffice in October 2011<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Apache OpenOffice in May 2012.<ref name="aoo340"/>

Version historyEdit

OpenOffice.org release history
Version Release date Description
Build 638c 2001–10<ref name="briefhistory"/> The first public milestone release.
1.0 2002-05-01<ref name="release1.0"/> First official release.
1.0.3.1 2003–04<ref name="briefhistory"/> Last version officially supporting Windows 95.
1.1 2003-09-02<ref name=productrelease/> Export to PDF, export to Flash, macro recording, extension mechanism.<ref name="ooo11"/>
1.1.1 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Bundled with TheOpenCD.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

1.1.4 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

Last version released under SISSL.
1.1.5 2005-09-09<ref name=productrelease/> Last release for 1.x product line. Can edit OpenDocument files.
Last version to officially support Windows NT 4.0.
2.0 2005-10-20<ref name="ooo20pr"/> Milestone, with major enhancements and default saving in the OpenDocument format.
2.1.0 2006-12-12<ref name=productrelease/> citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2.2.0 2007-03-29<ref name=productrelease/> citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref> security fixes.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

2.3.0 2007-09-17<ref name=productrelease/> citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref> improved extension manager.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2.4.0 2008-03-27<ref name=productrelease/> citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref> enhancements from RedOffice.<ref name=redflag240>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

2.4.3 2009-09-04<ref name=productrelease/> Last version for Windows 98 and Windows ME<ref name="sysreqs20"/>
3.0.0 2008-10-13<ref name=productrelease/> Milestone: ODF 1.2, OOXML import, improved VBA, native OS X interface, Start Center.<ref name=ooo30/>
3.1.0 2009-05-07<ref name=productrelease/> Overlining and transparent dragging.
3.2 citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref> and performance enhancements.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation

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3.2.1 2010-06-04<ref name=productrelease/> citation CitationClass=web

}}</ref>

3.3 2011-01-26<ref name=productrelease/> New spreadsheet functions and parameters. Last Oracle stable release, and the last stable release to support Windows 2000 and Mac OS X on PowerPC.
3.4 Beta 1 2011-04-12<ref name="ooo34b1"/> Last Oracle code release, and the last release to support Windows 2000 and Mac OS X on PowerPC.

OpenOffice.org 1Edit

File:OpenOffice.org 1.1 official main logo 2col trans.png
OpenOffice.org 1.1 logo

The preview, Milestone 638c, was released October 2001.<ref name="briefhistory"/> OpenOffice.org 1.0 was released under both the LGPL and the SISSL<ref name="thonline2011" /> for Windows, Linux and Solaris<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> on 1 May 2002.<ref name="release1.0"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The version for Mac OS X (with X11 interface) was released on 23 June 2003.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

OpenOffice.org 1.1 introduced One-click Export to PDF, Export presentations to Flash (.SWF) and macro recording. It also allowed third-party addons.<ref name="ooo11">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

OpenOffice.org was used in 2005 by The Guardian to illustrate what it saw as the limitations of open-source software.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

OpenOffice.org 2Edit

Work on version 2.0 began in early 2003 with the following goals (the "Q Product Concept"): better interoperability with Microsoft Office; improved speed and lower memory usage; greater scripting capabilities; better integration, particularly with GNOME; a more usable database; digital signatures; and improved usability.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> It would also be the first version to default to OpenDocument. Sun released the first beta version on 4 March 2005.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

On 2 September 2005, Sun announced that it was retiring SISSL to reduce license proliferation,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> though some press analysts felt it was so that IBM could not reuse OpenOffice.org code without contributing back.<ref name="thonline2011"/> Versions after 2.0 beta 2 would use only the LGPL.<ref name="ooolicensechange"/>

On 20 October 2005, OpenOffice.org 2.0 was released.<ref name="ooo20pr">Template:Cite press release</ref> 2.0.1 was released eight weeks later, fixing minor bugs and introducing new features. As of the 2.0.3 release, OpenOffice.org changed its release cycle from 18 months to releasing updates every three months.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The OpenOffice.org 2 series attracted considerable press attention.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}Template:Dead link</ref> A PC Pro review awarded it 6 stars out of 6 and stated: "Our pick of the low-cost office suites has had a much-needed overhaul, and now battles Microsoft in terms of features, not just price."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Federal Computer Week listed OpenOffice.org as one of the "5 stars of open-source products",<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> noting in particular the importance of OpenDocument. Computerworld reported that for large government departments, migration to OpenOffice.org 2.0 cost one tenth of the price of upgrading to Microsoft Office 2007.<ref>Template:Cite news Computerworld Volume 11, Issue 23.</ref>

OpenOffice.org 3Edit

File:Sun Start Center.png
The Sun Start Center for versions between 3.0 and 3.2.0

On 13 October 2008, version 3.0 was released, featuring the ability to import (though not export) Office Open XML documents, support for ODF 1.2, improved VBA macros, and a native interface port for OS X. It also introduced the new Start Center<ref name=ooo30>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and upgraded to LGPL version 3 as its license.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Version 3.2 included support for PostScript-based OpenType fonts. It warned users when ODF 1.2 Extended features had been used. An improvement to the document integrity check determined if an ODF document conformed to the ODF specification and offered a repair if necessary. Calc and Writer both reduced "cold start" time by 46% compared to version 3.0.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> 3.2.1 was the first Oracle release.<ref name="releasenotes321"/>

Version 3.3, the last Oracle version, was released in January 2011.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> New features include an updated print form, a FindBar and interface improvements for Impress.<ref name="wiki.services.openoffice.org">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The commercial version, Oracle Open Office 3.3 (StarOffice renamed), based on the beta, was released on 15 December 2010, as was the single release of Oracle Cloud Office (a proprietary product from an unrelated codebase).<ref name=oracleopenoffice>Template:Cite press release</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

OpenOffice.org 3.4 Beta 1Edit

A beta version of OpenOffice.org 3.4 was released on 12 April 2011, including new SVG import, improved ODF 1.2 support, and spreadsheet functionality.<ref name="ooo34b1"/><ref name="ooo34b1changes"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Before the final version of OpenOffice.org 3.4 could be released, Oracle cancelled its sponsorship of development<ref name="oooclosurepr"/> and fired the remaining Star Division development team.<ref name="lwn20110520"/><ref name="nww20130904"/>

Market shareEdit

Problems arise in estimating the market share of OpenOffice.org because it could be freely distributed via download sites (including mirror sites), peer-to-peer networks, CDs, Linux distributions and so forth. The project tried to capture key adoption data in a market-share analysis,<ref name=marketshareanalysis>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> listing known distribution totals, known deployments and conversions and analyst statements and surveys.

According to Valve, as of July 2010, 14.63% of Steam users had OpenOffice.org installed on their machines.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

A market-share analysis conducted by a web analytics service in 2010, based on over 200,000 Internet users, showed a wide range of adoption in different countries:<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> 0.2% in China, 9% in the US and the UK and over 20% in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Germany.

Although Microsoft Office retained 95% of the general market — as measured by revenue — as of August 2007,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOffice.org and StarOffice had secured 15–20% of the business market as of 2004<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> and a 2010 University of Colorado at Boulder study reported that OpenOffice.org had reached a point where it had an "irreversible" installed user base and that it would continue to grow.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

The project claimed more than 98 million downloads as of September 2007<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and 300 million total to the release of version 3.2 in February 2010.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The project claimed over one hundred million downloads for the OpenOffice.org 3 series within a year of release.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Notable usersEdit

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Large-scale users of OpenOffice.org included Singapore's Ministry of Defence,<ref name="mindef">Template:Cite news</ref> and Banco do Brasil.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:As of OpenOffice.org was the official office suite for the French Gendarmerie.<ref name=marketshareanalysis/>

In India, several government organizations such as Employees' State Insurance, IIT Bombay, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, the Supreme Court of India, ICICI Bank,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and the Allahabad High Court,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> which use Linux, completely relied on OpenOffice.org for their administration.

In Japan, conversions from Microsoft Office to OpenOffice.org included many municipal offices: Sumoto, Hyōgo, in 2004,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Ninomiya, Tochigi in 2006,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, in 2008<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (and to LibreOffice as of 2012<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>), Shikokuchūō, Ehime, in 2009,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Minoh, Osaka, in 2009<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Toyokawa, Aichi,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Fukagawa, Hokkaido,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Katano, Osaka,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in 2010 and Ryūgasaki, Ibaraki, in 2011.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Corporate conversions included Assist in 2007<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (and to LibreOffice on Ubuntu in 2011<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>), Sumitomo Electric Industries in 2008<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (and to LibreOffice in 2012<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>), Toho Co., Ltd. in 2009<ref name=assistcojpsupport>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and Shinsei Financial Co., Ltd. in 2010.<ref name=shinsei>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Assist also provided support services for OpenOffice.org.<ref name=assistcojpsupport/><ref name=shinsei/>

RetailEdit

In July 2007, Everex, a division of First International Computer and the 9th-largest PC supplier in the U.S., began shipping systems preloaded with OpenOffice.org 2.2 into Wal-Mart, K-mart and Sam's Club outlets in North America.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Forks and derivative softwareEdit

A number of open source and proprietary products derive at least some code from OpenOffice.org, including AndrOpen Office,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Apache OpenOffice, ChinaOffice, Co-Create Office, EuroOffice 2005,<ref name="EuroOffice">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Go-oo, KaiOffice, IBM Lotus Symphony, IBM Workplace, Jambo OpenOffice (the first office suite in Swahili),<ref name="BBC">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="ZDNET">Template:Cite news</ref> LibreOffice, MagyarOffice, MultiMedia Office, MYOffice 2007, NeoOffice, NextOffice, OfficeOne, OfficeTLE, OOo4Kids,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOfficePL, OpenOffice.org Portable,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OpenOfficeT7, OpenOffice.ux.pl, OxOffice,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> OxygenOffice Professional,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Pladao Office,<ref>Template:Cite conference</ref> PlusOffice Mac,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> RedOffice,<ref name=phipps-tippingpoint/><ref name=redflag240/><ref>Template:Cite press release</ref> RomanianOffice, StarOffice/Oracle Open Office, SunShine Office, ThizOffice, UP Office, White Label Office,<ref>Template:Cite press release</ref><ref>Template:Cite magazineTemplate:Dead link</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> WPS Office Storm (the 2004 edition of Kingsoft Office) and 602Office.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The OpenOffice.org website also listed a large variety of complementary products, including groupware systems.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

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Major derivatives include:

ActiveEdit

Apache OpenOfficeEdit

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In June 2011, Oracle contributed the OpenOffice.org code and trademarks to the Apache Software Foundation. The developer pool for the Apache project was proposed to be seeded by IBM employees, Linux distribution companies and public sector agencies.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}; attachment to {{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> IBM employees did the majority of the development,<ref name=infoworld20130826>Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="hillesley20120404">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="sjvn20121028">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="brillblog"/><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> including hiring ex-Star Division developers.<ref name="sjvn20121028"/> The Apache project removed or replaced as much code as possible from OpenOffice.org 3.4 beta 1, including fonts, under licenses unacceptable to Apache<ref name=asflegal>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and released 3.4.0 in May 2012.<ref name="aoo340">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

The codebase for IBM's Lotus Symphony was donated to the Apache Software Foundation in 2012 and merged for Apache OpenOffice 4.0,<ref name="symphony_allegro_moderato"/> and Symphony was deprecated in favour of Apache OpenOffice.<ref name="brillblog">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

While the project considers itself the unbroken continuation of OpenOffice.org,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> others regard it as a fork,<ref name="thonline2011"/><ref name=infoworld20130826/><ref name="hillesley20120404"/><ref name=cloudave>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> or at the least a separate project.<ref name="gamalielsson2013">Template:Cite journal</ref>

In October 2014, Bruce Byfield, writing for Linux Magazine, said the project had "all but stalled [possibly] due to IBM's withdrawal from the project."<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Template:As of, the project has no release manager,<ref>Retirement announcement Template:Webarchive, October 2014; note of position still being unfilled Template:Webarchive, March 2015</ref> and itself reports a lack of volunteer involvement and code contributions.<ref name="ASF Board minutes January 2015">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> After ongoing problems with unfixed security vulnerabilities from 2015 onward,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="asfboard201701">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="regfeb2019">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> in September 2016 the project started discussions on possibly retiring AOO.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Collabora OnlineEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Collabora Online is a version of LibreOffice with a web interface and real-time collaborative editing. It is developed by Collabora Productivity.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Collabora Online also has local client applications for Android, Chromebooks, iOS, iPadOS, Linux, Mac and Windows.

LibreOfficeEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Sun had stated in the original OpenOffice.org announcement in 2000 that the project would be run by a neutral foundation,<ref name="ooo-announcement"/> and put forward a more detailed proposal in 2001.<ref name="ooofoundation">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> There were many calls to put this into effect over the ensuing years.<ref name="lwngooo"/><ref name="ooo2008stats"/><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> On 28 September 2010, in frustration at years of perceived neglect of the codebase and community by Sun and then Oracle,<ref name=webwereld20100930/> members of the OpenOffice.org community announced a non-profit called The Document Foundation and a fork of OpenOffice.org named LibreOffice. Go-oo improvements were merged, and that project was retired in favour of LibreOffice.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The goal was to produce a vendor-independent office suite with ODF support and without any copyright assignment requirements.<ref name="tdfcontact" />

Oracle was invited to become a member of the Document Foundation and was asked to donate the OpenOffice.org brand.<ref name="tdfcontact">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Oracle instead demanded that all members of the OpenOffice.org Community Council involved with the Document Foundation step down,<ref name=ars20101018/> leaving the Council composed only of Oracle employees.<ref name=zdnet20101019/>

Most Linux distributions promptly replaced OpenOffice.org with LibreOffice;<ref name="nww20120525"/><ref name="debian-lo"/><ref name="ubuntu-lo"/><ref name="suse-lo"/> Oracle Linux 6 also features LibreOffice rather than OpenOffice.org or Apache OpenOffice.<ref name="techrepublic-oracle-lo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="derstandard-oracle-lo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="oracle-lo">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> The project rapidly accumulated developers, development effort<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and added features,<ref name="ostatic20120426">Template:Cite news</ref> the majority of outside OpenOffice.org developers having moved to LibreOffice.<ref name=reg20110314/><ref name="ARS02Nov10"/><ref name="ARS28Sep10"/> In March 2015, an LWN.net development comparison of LibreOffice with Apache OpenOffice concluded that "LibreOffice has won the battle for developer participation".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

DiscontinuedEdit

NeoOfficeEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} NeoOffice, an independent commercial port for Macintosh that tracked the main line of development, offered a native OS X Aqua user interface before OpenOffice.org did.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Later versions are derived from Go-oo, rather than directly from OpenOffice.org.<ref name="go-oo-download"/> All versions from NeoOffice 3.1.1 to NeoOffice 2015 were based on OpenOffice.org 3.1.1, though latter versions included stability fixes from LibreOffice and Apache OpenOffice.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> NeoOffice 2017 and later versions are fully based on LibreOffice.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Go-ooEdit

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The ooo-build patch set was started at Ximian in 2002, because Sun was slow to accept outside work on OpenOffice.org, even from corporate partners, and to make the build process easier on Linux. It tracked the main line of development and was not intended to constitute a fork.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Most Linux distributions used,<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and worked together on,<ref>Template:Cite conference</ref> ooo-build.

Sun's contributions to OpenOffice.org had been declining for a number of years<ref name="ooo2008stats">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> and some developers were unwilling to assign copyright in their work to Sun,<ref name=calcsolver/> particularly given the deal between Sun and IBM to license the code outside the LGPL.<ref name=lwn20110520/> On 2 October 2007, Novell announced that ooo-build would be available as a software package called Go-oo, not merely a patch set.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> (The go-oo.org domain name had been in use by ooo-build as early as 2005.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) Sun reacted negatively, with Simon Phipps of Sun terming it "a hostile and competitive fork".<ref name="lwngooo"/> Many free software advocates worried that Go-oo was a Novell effort to incorporate Microsoft technologies, such as Office Open XML, that might be vulnerable to patent claims.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> However, the office suite branded "OpenOffice.org" in most Linux distributions, having previously been ooo-build, soon in fact became Go-oo.<ref name="go-oo-download">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref><ref name="linux.com">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

Go-oo also encouraged outside contributions, with rules similar to those later adopted for LibreOffice.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> When LibreOffice forked, Go-oo was deprecated in favour of that project.

OpenOffice Novell edition was a supported version of Go-oo.<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

IBM Lotus SymphonyEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} The Workplace Managed Client in IBM Workplace 2.6 (23 January 2006<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) incorporated code from OpenOffice.org 1.1.4,<ref name="thonline2011"/> the last version under the SISSL. This code was broken out into a separate application as Lotus Symphony (30 May 2008<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>), with a new interface based on Eclipse. Symphony 3.0 (21 October 2010<ref>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>) was rebased on OpenOffice.org 3.0, with the code licensed privately from Sun. IBM's changes were donated to the Apache Software Foundation in 2012, Symphony was deprecated in favour of Apache OpenOffice<ref name="brillblog" /> and its code was merged into Apache OpenOffice 4.0.<ref name="symphony_allegro_moderato">{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref>

StarOfficeEdit

{{#invoke:Labelled list hatnote|labelledList|Main article|Main articles|Main page|Main pages}} Sun used OpenOffice.org as a base for its commercial proprietary StarOffice application software, which was OpenOffice.org with some added proprietary components. Oracle bought Sun in January 2010 and quickly renamed StarOffice to Oracle Open Office.<ref name=oracleoojan2010>{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}</ref> Oracle discontinued development in April 2011.<ref name="oooclosurepr"/>

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ReferencesEdit

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External linksEdit

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