Paullinia

Paullinia is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae and typical of tribe Paullinieae. It is native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean.<ref name = POWO/>

The genus is named after the German medical botanist Christian Franz Paullini, who discovered the genus in the Caribbean in the 18th century.

Species

Plants of the World Online includes:<ref name = POWO>Plants of the World Online: Paullinia L. (retrieved 24 February 2024)</ref> Template:Div col

1. Paullinia acuminata Template:Au
2. Paullinia acutangula Template:Au
3. Paullinia alata Template:Au
4. Paullinia allenii Template:Au
5. Paullinia alsmithii Template:Au
6. Paullinia anisoptera Template:Au
7. Paullinia anodonta Template:Au
8. Paullinia anomophylla Template:Au
9. Paullinia apoda Template:Au
10. Paullinia arenicola Template:Au
11. Paullinia aspera Template:Au
12. Paullinia austin-smithii Template:Au
13. Paullinia baileyi Template:Au
14. Paullinia barbadensis Template:Au
15. Paullinia bernhardii Template:Au
16. Paullinia bicorniculata Template:Au
17. Paullinia bidentata Template:Au
18. Paullinia bilobulata Template:Au
19. Paullinia bipinnata Template:Au
20. Paullinia boliviana Template:Au
21. Paullinia bracteosa Template:Au
22. Paullinia brenesii Template:Au
23. Paullinia brentberlinii Template:Au
24. Paullinia bristanii Template:Au
25. Paullinia buricana Template:Au
26. Paullinia caloptera Template:Au
27. Paullinia cambessedesii Template:Au
28. Paullinia capitata Template:Au
29. Paullinia capreolata Template:Au
30. Paullinia carpopodea Template:Au
31. Paullinia carrenoi Template:Au
32. Paullinia castaneifolia Template:Au
33. Paullinia cauliflora Template:Au
34. Paullinia cearensis Template:Au
35. Paullinia chocoensis Template:Au
36. Paullinia cidii Template:Au
37. Paullinia cirrhipes Template:Au
38. Paullinia clathrata Template:Au
39. Paullinia clavigera Template:Au
40. Paullinia clematidifolia Template:Au
41. Paullinia conduplicata Template:Au
42. Paullinia connaracea Template:Au
43. Paullinia coriacea Template:Au
44. Paullinia correae Template:Au
45. Paullinia costaricensis Template:Au
46. Paullinia costata Template:Au
47. Paullinia cristata Template:Au
48. Paullinia cuneata Template:Au
49. Paullinia cupana Template:Au: Guaraná (Amazon Basin)
50. Paullinia cururu Template:Au
51. Paullinia curvicuspis Template:Au
52. Paullinia dasygonia Template:Au
53. Paullinia dasyphylla Template:Au
54. Paullinia dasystachya Template:Au
55. Paullinia decorticans Template:Au
56. Paullinia degranvillei Template:Au
57. Paullinia densiflora Template:Au
58. Paullinia echinata Template:Au
59. Paullinia elegans Template:Au
60. Paullinia elliptica Template:Au
61. Paullinia elongata Template:Au
62. Paullinia emetica Template:Au
63. Paullinia enneaphylla Template:Au
64. Paullinia eriocarpa Template:Au
65. Paullinia exalata Template:Au
66. Paullinia excisa Template:Au
67. Paullinia ferruginea Template:Au
68. Paullinia fibulata Template:Au
69. Paullinia filicifolia Template:Au
70. Paullinia fimbriata Template:Au
71. Paullinia firma Template:Au
72. Paullinia fissistipula Template:Au
73. Paullinia fistulosa Template:Au
74. Paullinia fournieri Template:Au
75. Paullinia fraxinifolia Template:Au
76. Paullinia fruticosa Template:Au
77. Paullinia funicularis Template:Au
78. Paullinia fuscescens Template:Au
79. Paullinia fusiformis Template:Au
80. Paullinia gigantea Template:Au
81. Paullinia globosa Template:Au
82. Paullinia glomerulosa Template:Au
83. Paullinia granatensis Template:Au
84. Paullinia grandifolia Template:Au
85. Paullinia guaviarensis Template:Au
86. Paullinia hemiptera Template:Au
87. Paullinia hispida Template:Au
88. Paullinia hitchcockii Template:Au
89. Paullinia hondurensis Template:Au
90. Paullinia hymenobracteata Template:Au
91. Paullinia hystrix Template:Au
92. Paullinia imberbis Template:Au
93. Paullinia ingifolia Template:Au
94. Paullinia integra Template:Au
95. Paullinia interrupta Template:Au
96. Paullinia isoptera Template:Au
97. Paullinia jamaicensis Template:Au
98. Paullinia josecuatrii Template:Au
99. Paullinia kallunkii Template:Au
100. Paullinia killipii Template:Au
101. Paullinia laeta Template:Au
102. Paullinia largifolia Template:Au
103. Paullinia latifolia Template:Au
104. Paullinia leiocarpa Template:Au
105. Paullinia linearis Template:Au
106. Paullinia lingulata Template:Au
107. Paullinia livescens Template:Au
108. Paullinia macrophylla Template:Au
109. Paullinia mallophylla Template:Au
110. Paullinia manarae Template:Au
111. Paullinia marginata Template:Au
112. Paullinia mariae Template:Au
113. Paullinia martinellii Template:Au
114. Paullinia martinensis Template:Au
115. Paullinia mazanensis Template:Au
116. Paullinia medullosa Template:Au
117. Paullinia meliifolia Template:Au
118. Paullinia micrantha Template:Au
119. Paullinia microneura Template:Au
120. Paullinia mollicoma Template:Au
121. Paullinia morii Template:Au
122. Paullinia navicularis Template:Au
123. Paullinia nitida Template:Au
124. Paullinia nobilis Template:Au
125. Paullinia novemalata Template:Au
126. Paullinia nuriensis Template:Au
127. Paullinia obovata Template:Au
128. Paullinia oldemanii Template:Au
129. Paullinia olivacea Template:Au
130. Paullinia pachycarpa Template:Au
131. Paullinia panamensis Template:Au
132. Paullinia parvibractea Template:Au
133. Paullinia paullinioides Template:Au
134. Paullinia pinnata Template:Au
135. Paullinia plagioptera Template:Au
136. Paullinia platymisca Template:Au
137. Paullinia plumieri Template:Au
138. Paullinia prevostiana Template:Au
139. Paullinia pseudota Template:Au
140. Paullinia pterocarpa Template:Au
141. Paullinia pterophylla Template:Au
142. Paullinia quitensis Template:Au
143. Paullinia reticulata Template:Au
144. Paullinia revoluta Template:Au
145. Paullinia rhomboidea Template:Au
146. Paullinia riodocensis Template:Au
147. Paullinia rubiginosa Template:Au
148. Paullinia rufescens Template:Au
149. Paullinia rugosa Template:Au
150. Paullinia scaberula Template:Au
151. Paullinia scabra Template:Au
152. Paullinia selenoptera Template:Au
153. Paullinia seminuda Template:Au
154. Paullinia serjaniifolia Template:Au
155. Paullinia setosa Template:Au
156. Paullinia simulans Template:Au
157. Paullinia sphaerocarpa Template:Au
158. Paullinia spicata Template:Au
159. Paullinia spicithyrsa Template:Au
160. Paullinia splendida Template:Au
161. Paullinia sprucei Template:Au
162. Paullinia stellata Template:Au
163. Paullinia stenopetala Template:Au
164. Paullinia sternii Template:Au
165. Paullinia stipitata Template:Au
166. Paullinia stipularis Template:Au
167. Paullinia subauriculata Template:Au
168. Paullinia subnuda Template:Au
169. Paullinia talamancensis Template:Au
170. Paullinia tarapotensis Template:Au
171. Paullinia tenera Template:Au
172. Paullinia tenuifolia Template:Au
173. Paullinia ternata Template:Au
174. Paullinia tetragona Template:Au
175. Paullinia tomentosa Template:Au
176. Paullinia tricornis Template:Au
177. Paullinia trifoliolata Template:Au
178. Paullinia trigonia Template:Au
179. Paullinia trilatera Template:Au
180. Paullinia triptera Template:Au
181. Paullinia tumbesensis Template:Au
182. Paullinia turbacensis Template:Au
183. Paullinia uchocacha Template:Au
184. Paullinia uloptera Template:Au
185. Paullinia unifoliolata Template:Au
186. Paullinia venezuelana Template:Au
187. Paullinia venosa Template:Au
188. Paullinia verrucosa Template:Au
189. Paullinia vespertilio Template:Au
190. Paullinia weinmanniifolia Template:Au
191. Paullinia wurdackii Template:Au
192. Paullinia xestophylla Template:Au
193. Paullinia yoco Template:Au - Yoco

Uses

Several uses are recorded. The fruit of several species are edible, with P. cupana (Guaraná) being the most popular. Other species, notably P. yoco (Yoco), are used as herbal medicine for various treatments. The sap of some species, notably P. cururu is highly toxic, and is used as an arrow poison by Native American tribes in South America. Similarly, the long flexible stems of Paullinia pinnata are used to poison fish in shallow pools, as described by the English naturalist Henry Walter Bates in his book The Naturalist on the River Amazons.<ref>Bates, H. W. (1864). The naturalist on the River Amazons, a record of adventures, habits of animals, sketches of Brazilian and Indian life and aspects of nature under the Equator during eleven years of travel. London: J. Murray. Second edition. (Reprinted in paperback facsimile, Elibron Classics, 2005.) Page 242.</ref>

External links

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